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Biomedical subjects

B Nagi

Publications and source records attributed to B Nagi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Spectrum of malabsorption syndrome in north Indian children.

AIMS: To know the spectrum of malabsorption syndrome (MAS) in infants and children and highlight agewise differences in etiology in different age groups. METHODS: 137 children presenting with diarrhea of more than 3 weeks' duration and/or growth failure and abnormality of one of more tests of malabsorption were studied. Etiology of MAS was determined using investigations specific for each of the causes. RESULTS: Sixty two (45%) children were below 2 years of age and 75 (55%) above. Common causes of MAS were: protracted diarrhea 45 (33%), celiac disease 35 (26%), parasitic infestations 13 (9%), milk protein intolerance 8 (6%), intestinal tuberculosis 7 (5%). In 18 (13%) patients, cause of MAS could not be determined. Protracted diarrhea (73%) and milk protein intolerance (13%) constituted the major etiology of MAS in children below 2 years of age, whereas celiac disease (43%), parasitic infestations (15%) and intestinal tuberculosis (9%) were the common causes in children above 2 years of age. CONCLUSION: The spectrum of MAS in Indian children in different age groups is distinctly different from that seen in developed countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Colorectal carcinoma in Indian patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis.

In contrast to reports from Western countries, the incidence of colorectal carcinoma among patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis is considered to be low in the Indian subcontinent. In order to assess the risk of carcinoma in Indian patients, a retrospective analysis of 436 cases of idiopathic ulcerative colitis seen by us over a period of 12 years was carried out. Eight cases of colitis carcinoma (1.8%) were encountered during the study period. Pancolitis was present in six of them while colitis was of limited extent in two cases. The mean duration of colitis prior to development of carcinoma was 12.1 (range 7-25) years. While four of these patients were on our follow-up list and were diagnosed to have carcinoma at the time of a medical or surgical complication, four others first presented to us with a surgical complication of colitis carcinoma. We conclude that colitis carcinoma is not a rare entity among Indian patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis. We feel that until proved otherwise, patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis from the Indian subcontinent should not be denied the benefits of a cancer surveillance programme.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ingestion of strong corrosive alkalis: spectrum of injury to upper gastrointestinal tract and natural history.

We have prospectively studied 31 patients who ingested strong alkalis for location, extent, severity, and outcome of the injury to the upper gastrointestinal tract. Alkalis ingested were sodium hydroxide (n = 28) and potassium hydroxide (n = 3). The injury was assessed within 36 h of alkali intake by endoscopy or surgery, or at autopsy. Symptoms and signs did not give a reliable forecast of the extent and severity of injury. The corrosive burns were classified as grade 2a in six patients, grade 2b in eight, and grade 3 in 17. The esophagus was injured in all patients, the stomach in 93.5%, and the duodenum in 29.6%. Acute complications occurred in 32.3% of the patients and death in 12.9%; all but one of such patients had grade 3 burns. All patients with 2a injury recovered without sequelae. Four of the eight patients with grade 2b injury and all survivors of grade 3 injury developed esophageal or gastric cicatrization, or both, which needed endoscopic or surgical treatment. We find endoscopy is not only a safe and reliable tool for diagnosis in such patients, but also is of importance in treatment and prognosis. We conclude that ingestion of strong alkalis is a very serious condition that inflicts severe contiguous injury to the esophagus and stomach and results in high morbidity and mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Corrosive acid-induced esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis. A study of 14 patients.

Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis (EIP) is a rare disease, characterized by multiple, small flask-shaped diverticula in the esophageal wall, and best demonstrated on single-contrast barium examination. Though the condition is often associated with reflux esophagitis, Candida esophagitis, and esophageal dysmotility, corrosive-acid injury is not a commonly recognized cause. In a radiological study involving 59 patients with sequelae of corrosive-acid injury of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, evaluated over a 5-year period, 14 cases (23.7%) of EIP were found. Esophageal stricture was a constant association; the diverticula tended to involve either the entire length of the stricture or its upper part. There was, however, no correlation between the length of the stricture and number of diverticula (p greater than 0.05). Endoscopic dilatation resulted in relief of dysphagia, and the diverticula regressed in number of disappeared altogether. Our experience suggests that EIP is a common sequelae of esophageal acid injuries, and that diverticula tend to form at the site of initial contact between acid and susceptible esophageal mucosa. Stricture dilatation leads to reduction or total disappearance of the diverticula.

Acids↗
PubMed1991

Rectosigmoid varices and other mucosal changes in patients with portal hypertension.

A prospective study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of anorectal varices and their clinical significance as well as to study other proctosigmoidoscopic changes in 75 patients with portal hypertension of diverse etiology. Sixty-seven patients (89.3%) had lower gastrointestinal varices with no significant difference (p greater than 0.05) in prevalence between cirrhosis (92.1%), noncirrhotic portal fibrosis (87%), and extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (85.7%). The rectum was the most common site of lower gastrointestinal varices. External anal and sigmoid colonic varices almost always occurred in the presence of rectal and/or internal anal varices. There was no correlation between the presence of rectosigmoid varices and the severity of esophagogastric mucosal changes or portal hypertension. There was no suggestion that esophageal variceal sclerotherapy influenced the presence of anorectal varices. Seven patients (9.3%) had recent hematochezia, including three patients in whom it occurred in the absence of any upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Varices were the cause of bleeding in at least five patients. An abnormal mucosal vascular pattern in the form of telangiectasias or spiders was seen, irrespective of etiology of portal hypertension, in nine patients (12%). Hemorrhoids were present in 31 patients (41.3%) with an age-related difference (p less than 0.05) between patients with cirrhosis (55.3%) and extrahepatic portal venous obstruction (21.4%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

ERCP in the evaluation of choledochal cyst due to anomalous pancreatobiliary junction.

With the application of endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography (ERCP), the association of anomalous pancreatobiliary junction and choledochal cyst is being increasingly recognized. We describe here the ERCP findings in three patients who had this anomaly in association with fusiform (Type I) choledochal cyst. Two of our patients also had evidence of pancreatitis. The importance of ERCP in the preoperative assessment of such patients is highlighted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Extraintestinal manifestations of idiopathic ulcerative colitis.

One hundred and fifty patients of idiopathic ulcerative colitis were studied for extraintestinal manifestations by clinical, radiological and biochemical means. One or more such manifestations occurred in 34.7% of patients. Sacroiliitis (14%) and peripheral arthritis (10.7%) were the commonest manifestations, followed by ocular (8%), mucocutaneous (2.7%), vascular (2%) and hepatobiliary (1.3%) manifestations. We conclude that the incidence and spectrum of extraintestinal manifestations in Indian patients with idiopathic ulcerative colitis are similar to those in western patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Endoscopic management of chronic organoaxial volvulus of the stomach.

Endoscopic correction of the chronic organoaxial volvulus of the stomach was attempted in seven cases of primary and three cases of secondary volvulus. Endoscopic correction was successful in six cases of primary volvulus and one case of volvulus secondary to duodenal carcinoma. This paper describes the details of the technique of endoscopic correction of gastric volvulus, and documentation of correction of the volvulus by barium meal study with a follow-up of 5-26 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Duodeno--jejunal vascular malformation.

Vascular malformations are rare but an important cause of obscure upper gastrointestinal bleeding. A patient with a large vascular malformation involving the duodenum and proximal jejunum, presenting with a severe bout of melaena, is described. The diagnosis was suspected on endoscopy and confirmed by angiography and surgery.

Adult↗