Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B N Tsibel'.
The authors consider that the intraduodenal pressure is directly dependent on hypertrophy of the muscular layer of the duodenum wall. The formation of the duodenal stasis is followed by progressing elevation of the intraduodenal pressure, hypertrophy of myocytes, first hypertrophy and then atrophy of nerve cells of the ganglionic plexus.
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Two cases of a rare disease (moyamoya) of the intracranial arteries in a male of 16 and in a female of 36 are described. In a male patient the disease was combined with liver hamartoma.
25 observations of tuberculosis meningitis in children who died at the age from 3 months to 6 years with a clinical course from 5 days to 6.5 months were analyzed. Meningitis was not diagnosed clinically in 6 children. The inflammation was of an exudative or exudative-necrotic type at all periods of the disease. Specific features were: long-lasting macrophagal reaction, the presence of numerous plasma-cells (particularly at late stages of the disease), predominance of diffuse rather than granulomatous inflammation. Combination of delayed and immediate hypersensitivity reactions and possible organ specificity of the process may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
A histostereometric study of the placenta and kidneys was performed in non-complicated pregnancy (37 cases) and gestoses (31 cases) during the second part of the pregnancy. Two big groups of alterations are distinguished characterizing functional morphology of placenta in gestoses: increased specific volume of the involutive-degenerative changes and decreased specific volume of the terminal villi this being the substrate of chronic placenta failure. Correlation analysis revealed an increase of positive and negative links between placental structures in gestoses. Hypoxic alterations with an increase in stromal component develop in combined and "pure" gestoses and this was confirmed by quantitative and correlation analysis.
The proportion of so-called hyperplastic polyps among other colon epithelial tumours remains unclear. Colon polyps are studied in 400 patients: hyperplastic polyps are found in 107, a combination of hyperplastic polyp with tubular adenoma in 143, tubular adenoma in 72, villous adenoma in 41 and tubulovillous adenoma in 37 cases. Hyperplastic structures and formation of adenomatous structures were, as a rule, observed in a polyp tip, this corresponding to the increase of nuclei volume and DNA amount in the tip colonocytes. The determination of karyometric coefficient (the ratio of the colonocyte nuclei volume in the polyp tip to colonocytes in the intact mucosa) is proposed as a quantitative criterion of proliferative and dysplastic processes.
Juxtaglomerular complex (JGA) and kidney medullar interstitial cells (IC) in rats in acute water and salt loadings were studied. The animals were killed 1 and 2 hours later after water 0.9% and 2% natrium chloride per os administration in quantity of 5%-7% per total body weight. Plasma osmolality and plasma renin activity (PRA) was determined. In light microscopy the granulation of the JGA-cells was in accordance with PRA in all the experiment. IC were not altered in water loading. Marked diminishing of lipid granulation of the IC in all zones of papilla at 2% salt loading was observed. In electron microscopy changes in distribution and density of lipid granules of the IC in all zones of the renal papilla were noted. The lesions showed the dystrophic and necrobiotic changes in some IC, especially in central zone of papilla.
Glomerular and fascicular zones of the adrenal gland and the incretory renal structures of patients who had died from benign (20) and malignant (10) forms of essential hypertension, chronic glomerulonephritis (10) and of rats with a genetic hypertension (10) were examined by morphometric methods. Hypertrophy of glomerular and fascicular zones is observed in both forms of the hypertension disease, spontaneous hypertension and chronic glomerulonephritis. Correlation analysis revealed moderate and strong links between the volumes of nuclei and nucleoli; within each zone and between the zones. This may indicate an increased functional activity of the two zones and their close interaction. Factorial analysis revealed a sign indicator--nucleus volume of the glomerular zone cells. Numerous moderate and strong correlations between the incretory renal structures and the adrenal cortex in the malignant form of the hypertension disease may indicate not only the involvement of the renin-angiotensin-aldosteron- and prostaglandin-synthesizing systems in the pathogenesis of this disease but their interaction as well.
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Light microscopy was used to study lipid granularity of the renomedullary interstitial cells (IC) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) aged 4 months and in Wistar rats (control) of the same age. Altogether 2000 IC were examined per animal on an average. The concentric distribution of the granular IC in the renal papilla was demonstrated. Lipid granularity of the IC was discovered to be lowered and the zone of granular IC to be enlarged in the whole papilla in SHR rats as compared with control. Also, the differences were found in lipid granularity of the IC in individual zones of the papilla in both SHR and normotensive animals, which seems likely to indicate different functional significance of the individual parts of the renal papilla.
A rare combination of two intracranial histogenetically different tumours in a male of 54 is described. Tumour originating from the region of the sella turcica was a malignant pituitary adenoma with infiltrating growth. Another neoplasm located in the frontoparietal region of the left brain hemisphre is referred to as "'pyloid" astocytoma.
The human adrenal cortex in essential hypertension and in the salt-losing form of the adrenogenital syndrome and the adrenal cortex in spontaneously hypertensive rats were studied by morphometry. Under long-term functional loading hypertrophy of adrenocortical cells is the common way of increasing the mass of the cortex. The correlation between the morphological parameters of the adrenocortical structures increases in this condition. Hyperplasia along with hypertrophy has been found in man at an early age. The differences in the degree of hypertrophy of the nuclei and nucleoli may be connected with different intensity of adrenocortical function in different pathological conditions.
Comparative morphometric study of the juxtaglomerular complex and interstitial cells of the corticomedullary zone of the kidney was performed on the autopsy material in benign (26 cases) and malignant hypertension; for control, 15 cases were examined. The state of intrarenal arteries, arterioles and the degree of medulla interstitium sclerosis were taken into consideration. No activation of the renin-producing system was observed morphometrically in "benign" hypertension while it was pronounced in malignant hypertension. The hypothesis is put forward on the reserve renin secretion by mesangial cells in malignant hypertension. It is assumed that the prostaglandine-synthesizing function of the interstitial cells is not damaged in benign hypertension, but it is significantly lower in malignant course of the disease. Relationship is shown between the alterations of intrarenal arteries and arterioles and the degree of the medulla sclerosis in malignant hypertension.
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A microspectrophotometric study of sialomucins in human glomerular filter of the kidney in some diseases was carried out. Sialomucins were detected in paraffine sections stained after Haim, and examined on scanning microspectrophotometer. Lipid nephrosis, secondary amyloidosis, membranous-proliferative glomerulonephritis with the nephrotic syndrome were accompanied by a significant decrease in the amount of sialic acid. No reduction of sialomucins occurred in subacute glomerulonephritis with the nephrotic syndrome. A connection between the selective proteinuria and a decrease of the amount of sialomucins in the glomerulus is suggested.