We studied the effects of acetylcholine on the transmembrane action potential and the contractile force of isolated human atrial fibers obtained at cardiac surgery. In 3 of 12 preparations, 10(-7)-10(-6) M acetylcholine induced a substantial increase in the contractile force following a brief initial decrease. Atropine diminished both the initial negative and the later positive inotropic effects induced by acetylcholine while propranolol abolished only the later effect.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMed1984

Local anaesthetic effect of antiarrhythmic drugs and human sperm immobilization: mechanism and application of the interrelationship.

Sperm immobilizing activity of three class I antiarrhythmic drugs, quinidine, procainamide, mexiletine, one adrenoceptor blocking drug, labetalol and one calcium channel blocking drug, diltiazem was measured with a trans-membrane migration method. All these drugs immobilized human sperm. Local anaesthetic effect is the underlying mechanism for these drugs to inhibit sperm motility. Sperm immobilization could be a screening test for the local anaesthetic effect of antiarrhythmic drugs.

Anesthetics, Local↗

PubMed1984

Glutathione and caffeine antagonize the sperm-immobilizing effect of a vaginal contraceptive.

The concentration-dependent inhibition of Neosampoon, a vaginal contraceptive, on ejaculated human sperm motility was studied with a transmembrane migration method. Caffeine (5mM), glutathione (5mM) and glutathione (15mM) all reactivated the motility of Neosampoon-immobilized sperm. Caffeine (5mM) was more potent than glutathione in antagonizing Neosampoon; there was no difference between the potency of 5mM- and 15mM-glutathione. Human sperm motility could be a model for studying the interaction of membrane-active drugs, including the protective effect of glutathione against membrane-disrupting agents.

Caffeine↗

PubMed1984

Sperm immobilizing potency of amitriptyline and imipramine: measured with transmembrane migration.

The inhibitory effect of amitriptyline and imipramine on human sperm motility was measured in vitro with a transmembrane migration method. The EC50 for amitriptyline and imipramine were 170 microM and 160 microM respectively. They were more potent than any other drug that had been tested on this pharmacological model. Transmembrane migration method was less sensitive than turbidimetric method to detect the sperm immobilizing effect of drugs.

Amitriptyline↗

PubMed1984

Establishment and characterization of a human monocytoid leukemia cell line, CTV-1.

A new human monocytoid leukemic cell line, CTV-1, was established from a patient with relapsed acute monoblastic leukemia. The characteristics of this cell line were evaluated by morphologic and cytochemical analyses, electron-microscopy, chromosome study, surface marker analysis and a study of differentiation potential with tumor-promoting agents.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

Treatment of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia with DCMP intensive chemotherapy.

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Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Immunological classification of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia using monoclonal antibodies.

We had been able to classify 70 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) into different immunological subtypes based on surface marker analysis with the aid of a panel of monoclonal antibodies. The relative proportions of different ALL subclasses appears to be similar to those reported from Europe and the U.S.A. Our results also indicated that monoclonal antibodies OKT11, UCHT-2 and WT1 were very useful in defining pre-T or early T subtypes of ALL. The latter leukaemias lack most maturation-linked T-cell markers but share with the other T-ALL the characteristic of low density or undetectable insulin receptors.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1983

Nadolol and supraventricular tachycardia: an electrophysiologic study.

To assess antiarrhythmic efficacy of oral nadolol, 15 patients with recurrent supraventricular tachycardia were studied. Eight patients had atrioventricular (AV) nodal reentrant tachycardia and seven had AV reciprocating tachycardia involving an accessory AV pathway. Electrophysiologic studies were performed before and after intravenous infusion of propranolol (0.20 mg/kg), and were repeated 5 to 8 days after oral nadolol therapy at a daily dose of 80 to 160 mg. Both intravenous propranolol and oral nadolol induced significant prolongation of the sinus cycle length from 741 +/- 73 ms to 834 +/- 97 and 1,029 +/- 95 ms, respectively (p less than 0.001 and p less than 0.0001, respectively). Both intravenous propranolol and oral nadolol depressed AV nodal but not accessory AV pathway conduction, and shifted the dual AV nodal pathway conduction curves (A1A2, A2H2; A1A2, H1H2) upward and to the right by prolonging the conduction time and increasing the refractory period. Ten patients (seven with AV nodal reentry and three with AV reciprocation) who responded to intravenous propranolol also responded to oral nadolol with loss of the inducibility of sustained tachycardia; the remaining five patients (one with AV nodal reentry and four with AV reciprocation) who did not respond to intravenous propranolol also failed to respond to oral nadolol with persistence of the inducibility of sustained tachycardia. Thus, in conclusion, intravenous propranolol testing predicts the therapeutic efficacy of oral nadolol therapy and oral nadolol in once-daily doses may be used for long-term prophylaxis of recurrent supraventricular tachycardia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Mitochondrial respiration inhibitors and human sperm motility: implication in the development of spermicides.

Three inhibitors of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, rotenone, antimycin A, potassium cyanide and the uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation, 2,4-dinitrophenol, were tested for their sperm immobilizing effects with a trans-membrane migration method. None of these drugs inhibited human sperm motility at the concentrations of 10(-6), 10(-5), 10(-4) and 10(-3) M. The suggestion to develop spermicidal contraceptives from mitochondrial respiration inhibitors could not be substantiated; and the theory that motility inhibiting drugs act primarily on the sperm membrane was reconfirmed.

Antimycin A↗

PubMed1983

Variable diastolic rumbling murmur caused by floating left atrial thrombus.

A 53 year old man with a history of rheumatic mitral stenosis was admitted to hospital because of recurrent fainting spells. Auscultation showed a variable diastolic rumbling murmur. Simultaneous echo- and phonocardiograms demonstrated a floating left atrial thrombus; when this passed into the left ventricular inflow tract and obstructed the mitral valve orifice the diastolic murmur disappeared.

Diastole↗

PubMed1983

Importance of membrane stabilizing effect in massive overdose of propranolol: plasma level study in a fatal case.

Plasma propranolol levels were measured in a woman who took 3120 mg of propranolol in a suicide attempt. Highest plasma level, measured at the 12th hour, was 1475 ng/ml. Elimination half life was prolonged to 13.8 h. She suffered from coma and profound hypotension, then died on the 20th day. By estimating brain propranolol concentration from the plasma level, and reviewing the clinical pictures of previously reported cases, we propose that central nervous suppression by propranolol, with membrane stabilizing effect as its pharmacological basis, may cause life threatening abnormalities in patients with massive overdose of propranolol.

Action Potentials↗

PubMed1983

Insulin receptors on leukemia and lymphoma cells.

Tumor cells obtained from leukemia and lymphoma patients were investigated for specific insulin receptors. Using radioactive 125I-labeled insulin, specific insulin binding sites were demonstrated on most acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) cells, including acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), and acute monocytic leukemia (AMoL) cells. Insulin receptors were not found on chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and malignant lymphoma (ML) cells. Specific insulin binding sites were also found on monocytes and thymocytes after treatment with phytohemagglutinin (PHA-P), but not on inactivated tonsil cells, peripheral blood lymphocytes, or thymocytes. There was no inverse correlation between the content of insulin receptors and the basal level of circulating insulin. These data suggest that the insulin receptor may be a new marker of acute leukemia and chronic myelocytic leukemia.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Clinical electrophysiology of supraventricular tachycardia.

In this comprehensive article, the authors examine the clinical and electrophysiologic aspects of supraventricular tachycardia. Included in this discussion are the various mechanisms that account for this arrhythmia, the types of supraventricular tachycardia, and the treatment for it.

Atrial Fibrillation↗

PubMed1983

[Ventricular septal defect with aortic incompetence].

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Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗