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Biomedical subjects

B N Campaigne

Publications and source records attributed to B N Campaigne.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Measurement of breast volume in females: description of a reliable method.

Breast volume measurements were made on 47 adult subjects using a casting method. After drying, fast-setting plaster casts were filled with sand of known density to a level approximating the curvature of the chest wall. The reliability of both sand filling and casting proved to be high, r = 0.97, and r = 0.99, respectively. The total variable error was 10.2%. The effects of position (standing versus lying) was investigated in a separate sample of 15 subjects. No significant difference (P less than 0.05) was found between methods. The relationship between breast volume, girths, skinfolds, and body density was reported to be low.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Glucose and insulin responses in relation to insulin dose and caloric intake 12 h after acute physical exercise in men with IDDM.

Acute exercise in insulin-dependent diabetic patients may perturb glycemic control, and adjustments of insulin and diet might be required to avoid postexercise hypoglycemia. The aim of this study was to assess the role of alterations in insulin dose or caloric intake on blood glucose and free-insulin levels during 12 h after an evening bout of exercise. Nine insulin-dependent diabetic men (28-42 yr of age) receiving two daily injections with a combination of intermediate-acting and soluble insulin participated in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to four treatment protocols: A, 50% reduction in intermediate-acting insulin dose; B, 50% reduction in soluble insulin dose; C, extra caloric intake (1700 kJ) 1 h after exercise; and D, no change. Exercise consisted of 45 min of cycling at 60% of maximal oxygen uptake at each occasion. Glucose and insulin responses were similar for the four protocols. There was a significant (P less than .001) time effect found regardless of treatment, with lowest blood glucose values 75 min after exercise. Hypoglycemia occurred in six of the nine patients at some time during the study, with half of the occurrences on the control night (protocol D). Consistent individual plasma insulin and glucose patterns were observed independent of protocol used. In some patients, hypoglycemia was evident after reductions in insulin dose, and in others it was evident on the night increases in caloric intake were to occur; thus, none of the interventions were totally adequate in preventing exercise-induced hypoglycemia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of a physical activity program on metabolic control and cardiovascular fitness in children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effects of a regular vigorous physical activity program on children aged 5-11 yr with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The experimental group of children (N = 9) took part in a 30-min vigorous exercise program three times a week for 12 wk; the control group (N = 10) did not. Hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were used to determine metabolic control. Oxygen consumption was evaluated by treadmill testing and analyses of expired air. The experimental group significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased their HbA1 and FBG while the control group showed no change. The experimental group significantly (P less than 0.05) increased their peak aerobic capacity (ml/kg . min) when compared with baseline values (47.14 +/- 1.94 versus 50.69 +/- 1.30). It was concluded that a carefully applied program of regular vigorous physical activity can beneficially influence metabolic control and cardiovascular fitness in young children with IDDM.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of exercise training on insulin sensitivity in adolescents with type I diabetes.

We investigated the influence of a program of exercise training consisting of three weekly sessions, each 45 min long, for 12 wk, on indices of physical fitness, glycemic control, and insulin sensitivity in nine adolescents with type I diabetes; six age-matched adolescents with diabetes of equivalent duration served as nonexercised controls. All subjects were instructed not to change dialy insulin dose or caloric intake. In the exercised group, maximal oxygen uptake during graded cycle ergometry to volitional exhaustion increased by 9 +/- 2.7% (P less than 0.01) and lean body mass increased by 4 +/- 1.8% (P less than 0.05). Insulin sensitivity, assessed via the euglycemic clamp technique at insulin infusion rates of 100 mU/M2/min, showed an increase of insulin-mediated glucose disposal from 274 +/- 33 to 338 +/- 28 mg/M2/min, representing an increase in insulin sensitivity of 23 +/- 5% (P less than 0.01). None of these indices changed in the control group. Despite increased insulin sensitivity, glycohemoglobin levels remained at 12 +/- 1% before and after the 12 wk of exercise training, indicating no improvement in overall glycemic control. No increase in hypoglycemic reactions was reported in either group. We conclude that exercise training may be a valuable adjunct in managing type I diabetes providing there is concomitant attention to diet and insulin. Exercise training alone, however, does not improve glycemic control, although it improves physical fitness and insulin sensitivity.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gender-specific health care in diabetes mellitus.

This article reviews information on health care issues of specific clinical relevance for women with diabetes mellitus (type 1, type 2, and gestational diabetes mellitus), high-lighting several topics that require careful attention by the physician and the diabetes management team. Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent among women than men, making prevention and early detection particularly important in the treatment of women. Major areas of health care concern for women with diabetes include cardiovascular disease, mental health, infections, and contraception and fertility. Knowledge of lifespan issues from adolescence through menopause is crucial to the management of women with diabetes.

Adolescent↗