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Biomedical subjects

B N Brooke

Publications and source records attributed to B N Brooke.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Virus isolation studies in Crohn's disease: a negative report.

Homogenates of gut and mesenteric lymph node tissue from patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and control patients were tested for cytopathic effect (CPE) production in a series of cell lines including rabbit ileal and W138 cells. A CPE was produced in W138 cells by tissue homogenates from patients with Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and control patients. Evidence was obtained to suggest that this effect, although superficially similar to a viral CPE, was due to toxic protein constituents of inflamed tissue homogenate.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1978

Induction of granulomas in mice by Crohn's disease tissue.

Normal and immunodeficient CBA and A2G strain mice were inoculated with crude (100 to 20 to 30 micrometer), cell-free (0.2 micrometer) filtrates of Crohn's or noninflammatory bowel disease tissue homogenates, which were either fresh or frozen to -70 degree C. Mice of each strain developed epithelioid and giant cell granulomas both locally at the site of injection and systemically in response to crude and cell-free filtrates of Crohn's tissues. Control mice did not develop such changes. The granulomas evolved slowly, predominantly between 9 and 27 months. The granuloma-inciting agent has been shown to be present in ileum, colon, and mesenteric lymph nodes of patients with Crohn's disease and it withstands freezing to -70 degree C. The use of Crohn's tissues common to this study and one in rabbits previously reported, suggests that the induction of granulomas by this agent is not strain- or species-specific, and is independent of the immune status of CBA mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Sexual problems among married ileostomists. Survey conducted by The Ileostomy Association of Great Britain and Ireland.

The Ileostomy Association of Great Britain and Ireland has conducted a survey to assess the incidence and nature of sexual problems among a one in 10 sample of its membership. The analysis was restricted to married ileostomists; of those aged up to 45 years at the time of operation 16% had married and 23% had had children after the operation. The majority had adapted well to the ileostomy, and this appeared true also for the spouse. However, 12% of those who replied ascribed marital tension, unhappiness, or even separation, to the presence of the stoma. There was no evidence of sexual dysfunction from the construction of an ileostomy without rectal excision. After rectal excision nearly one-third of men reported sexual dysfunction, the frequency and severity of which was related to the age at operation. Up to the age of 45, one of 88 men developed complete erectile impotence and 17 partial dysfunction; over this age five of 30 men developed complete and 11 partial erectile impotence. One-third of women reported some dyspareunia after rectal excision.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Evidence of an agent transmissible from ulcerative colitis tissue.

Five New Zealand White rabbits were injected intracolonically with homogenates (100 mum) of ulcerative-colitis tissue. Histological changes closely similar to those seen in the human donors were present in the mucosa and submucosa of the large intestine of four of these rabbits 3-12 months later. Similar changes were seen in the large intestine of three of four rabbits 6-13 months after intravenous or intracolonic inoculation of homogenates of rabbit mesenteric lymph-nodes after passage of human ulcerative colitis tissue (100 mum or 0.2 mum). Three of thirty A2G strain mice injected with similar tissue homogenates (100 mum or 0.2 mum) from patients with ulcerative colitis into the footpad or intraperitoneally, had granulomatous changes in footpad, bowel, liver and/or spleen 3-22 months later. Such changes did not develop in rabbits or mice inoculated with tissue from normal controls. The results of these experiments suggest that a transmissible factor is involved in the aetiology of ulcerative colitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Place of azathioprine for Crohn's disease.

The clinical effects of azathioprine have been compared with those of corticosteroids in a group of 112 patients who have come under the care of a single unit between 1963 and 1975. There is no clear evidence that azathioprine alters the course of the disease in the long term; it is of value in obtaining a remission, particularly when the disease affects the large intestine.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1976

A controlled trial of intraperitoneal noxytiolin in perforated appendicitis.

A controlled trial of intraperitoneal noxytiolin (Noxiflex) solution in patients with peritonitis due to perforated appendicitis is reported. No significant difference was found in the incidence of complications between the treated and a control group, raising doubts as to whether this substance is of value when used intraperitoneally in peritonitis.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

A rabbit model of perforated appendicitis with peritonitis.

No satisfactory animal model simulating acute perforating appendicitis followed by peritonitis in man has hitherto been achieved. A technique has been developed in New Zealand White rabbits to fulfil these desiderata. The bacterial flora associated with the ensuing peritonitis is similar to that found in man both as regards aerobes and anaerobes and their concentrations. The method effectively produces the required model in 70 per cent of rabbits subjected to the experiment. Satisfactory postoperative survival is achieved enabling therapeutic studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The effect of noxytiolin in experimental peritonitis.

The evidence for the value of noxytiolin (Noxyflex) in peritonitis is contradictory. In a controlled trial of the effect of noxytiolin in pertonitis in rabbits we have found a significant increase in mortality in the trial group compared with a control group, but no significant difference when a dose equivalent to the recommended human dose is used. The postoperative course is adversely affected in the animals receiving noxytiolin.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Sequelae of colectomy and ileostomy: comparison between Crohn's colitis and ulcerative colitis.

A comparison is made of the immediate and long term mortality of colectomy and ileostomy between 73 patients who had Crohn's colitis and 442 who had ulcerative colitis. The immediate mortality in Crohn's disease is 4%. In ulcerative colitis it is 10%, chiefly because of the higher proportion of emergency operations. The late mortality in both groups is 10%, chiefly as a result of recurrence of Crohn's disease or the sequellae of colonic malignancy present at the time of colectomy for ulcerative colitis. A further comparison is made between the postoperative course of the 64 surviving patients with Crohn's disease and a comparable sample of 65 patients who had an ileostomy for ulcerative colitis in the same era. There was a similar incidence of postoperative septic complications in the two groups (35%). The readmission rate was twice as high in the Crohn's disease patients. Ileostomy reconstruction for mechanical complication was needed in 21 patients with Crohn's disease compared with 6 with ulcerative colitis. Further ileal resection was required for recurrent disease on another 25 occasions in the patients with Crohn's disease but never in those with ulcerative colitis. Long therm review graded the clinical status as excellent or good in 70% of those with Crohn's disease compared with 95% with ulcerative colitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Experimental animal studies of the etiology and pathogenesis of Crohn's disease.

Nineteen New Zealand White Rabbits were inoculated intramurally into the intestine with a 100- or 0.2-mu filtrate of homogenate of fresh ileum or colon from each of 6 patients with histologically confirmed Crohn's disease and compared with 22 animals injected with homogenates of normal ileum or colon from each of 5 patients; 4 sham controls were also included. The animals receiving Crohn's homogenates put on less weight than the controls; mucosal ulceration, ileal thickening, and abscess formation were seen in 8 animals and granulomatous changes evolved in 9. No significant macroscopic abnormalities or granulomatous changes were present in any of the 22 control inoculated rabbits. Successful first passage was achieved from 6 of 11 rabbits. The results of these experiments therefore confirm and extend those of our earlier reports and demonstrate that the transmissible agent or agents responsible must approximate to the size of a virus or be capable of being deformed to pass through a 0.2-mu filter.

Animals↗