Hysterosalpingography in infertility.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B N Barwin.
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The stronger the desire to avoid conception, the more effective the contracepting. But motivation alone will not ensure success. Knowledge of all aspects of contraception is a prerequisite for optimal decision making, and such information and counseling should be readily available to all persons of reproductive age who are concerned about the use of medication, potential side effects and subsequent fertility. The counsel and opinion of physicians are sought with as much or greater frequency as their diagnostic or therapeutic skills. Yet, too often, the physician's attitude toward contraceptive use by others is colored by his own moral, religious or social philosophy. Subtle personality traits of the patient and attitudes of her partner control contraceptive disuse, misuse or rejection in most people. In the author's opinion, compliance with the use of contraception is directly related to the amount and intensity of counseling and the degree of motivation provided by the physician.
Women are at higher risk throughout their reproductive lives than are men for major depression. Numerous molecular and clinical studies have implicated estrogen in modulating brain function including that related to mood. In an attempt to present a conceptual model, the literature of the past 30 years on mood and well-being throughout reproductive life is reviewed as it relates to activity of endogenous, bio-identical, and synthetic estrogen in women. Results indicate that sudden estrogen withdrawal, fluctuating estrogen, and sustained estrogen deficit are correlated with significant mood disturbance. Clinical recovery from depression postpartum, perimenopause, and postmenopause through restoration of stable/optimal levels of estrogen has been noted.