Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B Moulton.
The reaction of equimolar amounts of Cu(NO3)2 and bdc-5-OH (bdc-5-OH = benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate-5-hydroxy) affords hydroxylated nanoballs with high solubility and an ability to form microcrystals on surfaces.
[reaction: see text]. Intramolecular C-H insertion reaction of alpha-diazo-alpha-(phenylsulfonyl)acetamides proceeded with high regio- and stereoselectivities to afford highly functionalized gamma-lactams predominantly or exclusively. The high regioselectivity was attributed to the use of the phenylsulfonyl moiety, which altered electron density at the carbenoid center and exerted a steric effect during the insertion reaction. Also described herein are three control elements to determine regioselectivity, which are amide conformational, stereoelectronic, and substituent effects.
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Fourteen musicians who reported a history of pain in the upper limb associated with the playing of their instruments were compared with a sample of pain-free musicians, matched for age, sex and musical instrument. Four tasks were presented in random order and included neutral, general stressor, personal stressor and pain stressor tasks. Ratings of stressfulness and recordings of skin conductance level confirmed the effectiveness of the experimental manipulations for both subject groups. No differences were found between groups or tasks for frontalis surface electromyograph (EMG) activity. Evidence was found, however, of EMG elevation in flexor and trapezius muscles on the pain side for the pain subjects, in response to the task involving recall of a pain experience. This elevation was not found for the pain-free controls or for other stressor tasks, although some elevation in response to the pain stressor task was found for pain subjects in the trapezius muscles of the non-pain side. The duration of return to baseline of EMG following the pain stressor task was found to be extended in pain subjects for the trapezius, but not for the flexor muscles of the pain side. The findings suggest that site-specific muscle hyper-reactivity may play a role in the development and maintenance of occupational upper limb pain in musicians.
The effects of buspirone on the execution of step-through passive avoidance and spatial navigation learning tasks were assessed. In view of the anxiolytic properties of the drug, its effects on shock induced ultrasonic vocalizations and shock suppressed locomotor activity in a hole-board were also determined. Doses (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg, IP) which did not affect exploratory activity in a novel environment (light/dark box and hole-board apparatus) were used. Buspirone (1 and 2 mg/kg) impaired performance on the 24 h passive avoidance recall test when given prior to the training and the test sessions or prior to the test session only but not when given before the training trial only. The stress response to the mild footshock, as measured in terms of suppressed locomotor activity in the hole-board apparatus and post-shock ultrasonic vocalizations, was reduced by buspirone (at 1 and 2 mg/kg, respectively), indicating that its effect on behavior in the passive avoidance learning task is probably due to its anxiolytic properties. Evidence for a possible amnesic effect of buspirone (2 mg/kg) was found on the acquisition and probe test trials in the spatial navigation task. During training the latency to find a submerged escape platform in a water maze was increased. Performance on a probe test was also impaired but this effect was not apparent in animals which had received buspirone only prior to the probe test. Although these changes may be attributable to alterations in many aspects of cognitive processing, the possibility of a direct effect on memory warrants further investigation.
Health sciences librarians have been actively responding to the changing information needs of users by extending services which involve the selection of literature in response to specific requests from health care personnel. A further development is Patient Care Related Reading (PCRR), a hospital-based program of continuing medical education in which the librarian actively participates in the preselection, packaging, and routine delivery of literature for use by physicians caring for patients with certain clinical disorders. Criteria for selection of literature packet topics were developed jointly by librarians and physicians at their own hospitals. Librarians compiled bibliographic material, reviewed articles, and prepared preliminary packets. Physicians reviewed these packets and made suggestions for each article. Librarians then prepared final packets following reviewers' recommendations and distributed them as a routine procedure to all physicians caring for patients with a diagnosis corresponding to prepared topics. Librarians were notified of patients with PCRR clinical problems by admitting office personnel, floor nurses, nursing supervisors, utilization review, and Professional Standards Review Organization personnel as a part of their usual activities. Packets are used by physicians to add to their fund of knowledge, and for review and teaching purposes. PCRR has provided increased visibility of the library and its many services. Recognition of the librarian's role in the program reinforces the concept of the community hospital library as a service-oriented entity, and helps to establish the library as an active partner in the development and implementation of hospital-based continuing education programs.
The Consortium for Information Resources of the West Suburban Hospital Association in Boston is presented as one model for library cooperation. It is described in generalized terms that may be of interest to other consortia planners, rather than as a model for exact replication. Four components are discussed in detail: (1) composite resources, (2) multi-institutional environment, (3) leadership, and (4) activities.
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