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Biomedical subjects

B Moore

Publications and source records attributed to B Moore.

209 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Assessment of vision and amblyopia by preferential looking tests after early surgery for unilateral congenital cataracts.

Preferential looking tests obtained over the first 3 years were used to evaluate the development of visual acuity of 21 patients who underwent surgery for unilateral congenital cataracts and fitting of contact lenses before age 6 months. Mean acuity of the aphakic eyes improved rapidly in the first year; however, between the end of the first year and the end of the third year there was no improvement in mean aphakic acuity. Consistent with this, the percentage of patients who were amblyopic by the criterion interocular difference in acuity (IOD) of 0.5 octaves (oct) or greater was 94% at the first test age near the onset of occlusion therapy, decreased to 72% at the end of year 1, and increased to 89% by the end of year 3. Variations in occlusion therapy appear to account for these results: mean hours of occlusion per day were 6.2 in year 1, 4.4 in year 2, and 2.7 hours in year 3. Furthermore, the IOD at age 1 year was negatively correlated with hours of occlusion in the first year and the IOD at age 3 years was negatively correlated with cumulated hours of occlusion over all 3 years. That is, the less the amount of occlusion therapy, the greater the IOD. The patients' ages at time of surgery did not account for any further variance in these results than that accounted for by occlusion therapy. This study demonstrates that PL acuity measurement can aid in monitoring the response to occlusion therapy of infants with deprivation amblyopia due to unilateral congenital cataracts.

Amblyopia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The association between sinusitis and survival among individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus.

The purpose of this study was to determine the association between sinusitis and survival among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons. All patients enrolled in the adult spectrum of disease data base from November 1, 1990 to November 1, 1999 were included. Patients were followed until death, loss to follow-up, or the end of the study on January 10, 2000. A Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between sinusitis, various other cofactors, and survival. Of the 7513 HIV-infected patients followed, 57% were <35 years old, 59.5% were black, 78.5% were male, and 20.8% had an opportunistic infection (OI) at entry. The incidence of one or more diagnoses of sinusitis in the cohort was 14.5%. The mean entry CD4 count for the entire cohort was 347.8 (SD, 298.9) and the mean follow-up time was 33.2 months (SD, 25.7). The mean CD4 count at the time of sinusitis diagnosis was 391 (SD, 316). In the multivariate analysis, older age and lower CD4 cell count were associated with death. Sinusitis, gender, and race were not associated with survival. Sinusitis is frequent in individuals infected with HIV. After adjusting for level of immunodeficiency, age, gender, and race, sinusitis is not associated with an increased hazard of death. This may have implications for treatment, because a diagnosis of sinusitis does not portend a poor prognosis in individuals infected with HIV.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute tubular necrosis: use of gadolinium-DTPA and fast MR imaging to evaluate renal function in the rabbit.

Sequential fast magnetic resonance (MR) images (repetition time = 33 ms, echo time = 7 ms, alpha = 22 degrees, one image every 12 s) were acquired using gadolinium-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) (10 or 100 mumol/kg) to study perfusion and concentrating ability in normal rabbit kidneys and in kidneys with HgCl2-induced acute tubular necrosis (ATN). In normal rabbits receiving 100 mumol Gd-DTPA/kg a concentric region of decreased MR signal was observed. In sequential images the dark ring pattern migrated centripetally through the kidney moving from the corticomedullary junction to the inner medulla. The decrease in MR signal intensity occurred as a consequence of T2 relaxation (magnetic susceptibility) due to high concentration of Gd-DTPA within the tubules. This suggests that the dark ring pattern may serve as a qualitative feature indicative of the ability of the kidneys to concentrate. With the onset of HgCl2-induced ATN the pattern of enhancement due to Gd-DTPA administration changed markedly. Although the kidneys with ATN did continue to be perfused, the concentric dark ring pattern seen in normal kidneys receiving 100 mumol Gd-DTPA/kg was not observed. These results suggest that Gd-DTPA and fast imaging MR may provide a method of assessing perfusion and concentrating ability within the healthy or diseased kidney.

Acute Kidney Injury↗