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Biomedical subjects

B Mohr

Publications and source records attributed to B Mohr.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Recombinant human erythropoietin in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and myelofibrosis.

In a dose titration study we tested the efficacy and tolerance of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) in 10 patients with myelodysplasia (MDS) and 2 patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis. Patients with a haemoglobin level < 100 g/l were treated as out-patients for 12 weeks with daily doses ranging from 30 U/kg body weight (BW) up to 240 U/kg BW in non-responders. Of the 10 patients with MDS, 6 were suffering from refractory anaemia with sideroblasts (RAS) and 4 from refractory anaemia with an excess of blasts. The median age was 73 years (range 41-81). Two patients with RAS responded with a rise in haemoglobin concentration to > 130 g/l. They had not been transfusion-dependent prior to treatment. Both patients had relatively low serum concentrations of immunoreactive EPO. There was neither a rise in haemoglobin nor a reduction in transfusion dependence in any of the other patients. It may be concluded that rhEPO is possibly effective in a subgroup of MDS patients where the disease is less advanced. None of the transfusion-dependent patients benefited.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Multiple drug resistance gene expression in human renal cell cancer is associated with the histologic subtype.

Overexpression of p170 glycoprotein, the product of the multiple drug resistance (mdr) gene, has been associated with resistance to various cytotoxic drugs used in the treatment of human neoplasms. Normal renal epithelial cells express p170 as a function of their secretory capacity. Because renal cell carcinomas (RCC) respond poorly to chemotherapeutic regimens, p170 expression was studied in primary RCC. Such expression was measured in 40 human RCC and normal kidney tissues using immunohistochemical staining with the monoclonal antibody C-219. Staining intensities of the whole tumor and of different areas of the cryostat sections were transformed into digital numbers using an algorithm designed for this purpose. In most tumors, an inhomogeneous staining pattern and a correlation between grade of differentiation and C-219 immunoreactivity was observed. A comparison of the tumors according to their histopathologic subtypes showed clear differences. The means (range) of the staining intensities of the different types of RCC: clear cell carcinoma Grade 1 (n = 3), 2.0 (2.0 to 2.0); clear cell carcinoma Grade 2 (n = 19), 0.8 (0.0 to 2.9); clear cell carcinoma Grade 3 (n = 5), 0.1 (0.0 to 0.2); tubular carcinoma (n = 4), 2.0 (2.0 to 3.0); anaplastic carcinoma (n = 8), 0.05 (0.0 to 0.2); oncocytoma (n = 1), 0.0 (0.0 to 0.0); and normal kidney (n = 40), 0.5 (0.0 to 2.0). The differences between anaplastic, clear cell, and tubular carcinoma were significant (P less than 0.001 by Kruskal-Wallis test). In addition, the difference between the three subgroups of clear cell carcinoma was significant (P less than 0.01). It was concluded that the histopathologic subtypes of RCC correlate with the degree of mdr gene expression, as determined by staining with the C-219 monoclonal antibody.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1991

[Results of 6 1/2 years of heart transplantation at Rikshospitalet].

We discuss our experience from 6 1/2 years of orthotopic heart transplantation at Rikshospitalet (the National Hospital). 112 grafts were performed on 109 patients (19 women and 90 men), mean age 47 years (range 14-63). In the first nine patients the immunosuppressive regimen consisted of cyclosporine A and prednisolone, and in the last 100 azathioprine was added (triple medication). There was no operative mortality. 21 patients died, giving an 81% cumulative survival, with a significantly better prognosis among those who received triple immunosuppressive regimen. The main complications were rejection, infection and arrhythmia. Since our main problem was rejection it is concluded that careful supervision, concentrated on as few cardiologists as possible, and a liberal indication for myocardial biopsy, are decisive for the prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Single lung transplantation as treatment of terminal lung diseases].

The article describes the first cases of single lung transplantation in Norway. The indication for surgery was end-stage pulmonary disease (1 sarcoidosis, 2 emphysema) in three severely disabled patients requiring administration of oxygen. The operation necessitated cardiopulmonary bypass in all patients. Primary graft function was excellent. Epidural analgesia, peripheral pulse oxymetry and continuous monitoring of mixed venous oxygen saturation aided early extubation. The initial postoperative course with a four drug immunosuppressive regimen has been encouraging. Rejection is monitored by clinical examination, chest x-ray, serial pulmonary function tests and transbronchial biopsies.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Recurrent functional ovarian cysts following laparoscopy fenestration].

The laparoscopic fenestration of functional ovarian cysts with a benign appearance is well known. After aspiration of the contents of the cyst, a window is cut in the cyst wall for an endocystic inspection. In this way, samples for cytology as well as histopathology are obtained. A laparoscopic fenestration was performed on 104 patients. During a mean follow-up time of 20 months, we found a recurrence of 8% in 91 patients. In the presence of pelvic adhesions, the functional cysts tend to reoccur. Corpus luteum cysts have a higher recurrence-rate than follicular cysts. In our study postoperative hormon-therapy recorded no protective effect.

Endometriosis↗
PubMed1989

[Psychosocial aspects of bilateral subcutaneous reduction mastectomy in breast cancer].

The authors administered a questionnaire to 56 women with breast cancer who had bilateral subcutaneous mastectomies after Stroembeck/Beller since 1985. In this study, psychological aspects were investigated. There was no change in social behavior; isolation was not noticed. The negative effects on the body image were well accepted and discussed with relatives and friends. Psychological or emotional suffering was rare compared to patients with simple mastectomy. No change in sexual behavior was reported. The sexual function of the mamillae was significantly reduced. Although some cosmetic deformities were obvious, most patients would again choose the subcutaneous reduction mastectomy as operation of choice.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1988

Augmentation of cardiac reflexes in the cat by the calcium antagonist verapamil.

The effect of intravenous and intrapericardial administration of verapamil on cardiac reflexes was studied in chloralose-anesthetized cats. Cardiac reflexes were induced by either intrapericardial application of serotonin (80 micrograms/kg) and dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide (DMPP) (20 micrograms/kg) or by occlusion of the ascending aorta for 30 s. Intrapericardial application of verapamil (3 and 6 micrograms/kg) did not change the epicardial chemoreflexes, whereas intravenous administration of verapamil in the normal clinical dose enhanced the cardiac reflexes induced by chemical or mechanical stimulation. These results indicate that verapamil does not act directly on the vagal afferent nerve fibers in the epicardium of the heart. We suggest that the augmentation of cardiac reflexes by verapamil might be caused by an action of verapamil on the sinoaortic baroreflex or baroreceptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Reflex inhibition of efferent renal sympathetic nerve activity by 5-hydroxytryptamine and nicotine is elicited by different epicardial receptors.

Intrapericardial administration of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) induced reflex effects consisting in an inhibition of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), bradycardia and a fall in blood pressure. Nicotine caused the same reflex effects as 5-HT. The reflex effects of both 5-HT and nicotine were abolished by vagotomy. MDL 72222, an antagonist at 5-HT M-receptors, abolished or attenuated the decreases in RSNA, heart rate and blood pressure induced by 5-HT, leaving the reflex effects of nicotine unchanged. In the absence of MDL 72222 the reflex bradycardia partially concealed a positive chronotropic response to 5-HT. After blockade of the bradycardia response by MDL 72222, 5-HT elicited a significant tachycardia, which was not altered by propranolol and phentolamine, but was prevented by phenoxybenzamine. 5-HT probably reaches the sinoatrial node and activates 5-HT receptors that mediate directly the increase in heart rate. The nicotine receptor antagonist hexamethonium selectively abolished or attenuated the reflex effects of nicotine without interfering with those of 5-HT. We conclude that 5-HT and nicotine elicit similar reflex effects in epicardial vagal nerve endings by stimulation of M-receptors or nicotine receptors, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Evolution of vectorcardiographic QRS changes during myocardial infarction in dogs and their relation to infarct size.

The ability of vectorcardiographic QRS changes to quantify myocardial ischaemia and necrosis in dogs was studied. Myocardial infarction was produced in 21 anaesthetised dogs by inflating a balloon inserted into the right, left anterior descending, or left circumflex coronary artery. A Frank vectorcardiogram was recorded before and every 15-30 minutes for 10 hours after the occlusion. ST vector magnitude (ST-VM), QRS summation vectors, and QRS integral differences (QRS-VD) between the preocclusion recording and subsequent recordings were computed. Twenty four hours after occlusion two vectorcardiograms were obtained, the hearts removed, and the infarcts cut out and weighed. Four dogs were excluded from the study because of persistent arrhythmias, major conduction defects, or sudden death. In the remaining 17 dogs the QRS summation vectors rotated maximally towards the site of infarction 7 minutes after occlusion corresponding to a median minimum QRS-VD of -19 (range -2 to -29) microVs. This coincided with the maximum ST-VM, median 0.43 (range 0.12-0.68) mV. The QRS summation vectors subsequently rotated away from the infarct producing a median maximum QRS-VD of 20 (range 6-28) microVs. The maximum QRS-VD correlated significantly with the percentage of infarcted myocardium (r = 0.82). The correlation between the early minimum QRS-VD and the maximum ST-VM was r = 0.83. The QRS-VD was recomputed with a reference taken 2 or 4 hours after occlusion. The relation between maximum QRS-VD and infarct percentage was not significantly changed with the reference at 2 hours, but with the reference at 4 hours the ability to predict infarct size was lost.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Radiogenic nephritis in relation to splenectomy and irradiation of the spleen bed].

Five cases are reported where under curative aspects the splenic region was irradiated during radiation therapy of lymphogranulomatosis. In the course of this treatment, a radiation load amounting to 3000 up to 4200 R focal dose occurred to the upper pole of the left kidney. A LESION OF THE LEft kidney was diagnosed not earlier than nine or twelve months afterwards in three of the patients. Two patients could be followed up as yet only four or five months. As for verification of the circumscribed radiogenic nephritis, renal scintigraphy proved the best technique to provide information. Short-term check-up examinations are necessary for the purposes of early recognition and efficient therapy of this complication, the prognosis of lymphogranulomatosis being on the whole relatively good.

Adult↗