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Biomedical subjects

B Milleron

Publications and source records attributed to B Milleron.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Serum neuron-specific enolase in small cell bronchial cancers].

Despite its very good specificity, serum neuron-specific enolase (SNE) cannot be relied upon to diagnose small cell carcinoma. However, this marker is of interest owing to the double correlation observed between it and tumoral extension and between its rapid elevation under chemotherapy and clinical response to chemotherapy. Repeated SNE assays help in determining this response when SNE returns to normal level, and in predicting the progression of the disease several weeks in advance when SNE levels increase. Early and later SNE assays therefore have prognostic value.

Carcinoma, Bronchogenic↗
PubMed1990

[Semi-invasive aspergillosis with involvement of the thoracic wall cured by itraconazole].

Pulmonary aspergillosis invading the thoracic wall is rare and of sombre prognosis. We report the case of a 49-year old man who developed a pulmonary aspergilloma some time after lung resection and radiotherapy for bronchial adenocarcinoma. Surgical excision of the aspergilloma was followed by sternal, then costal aspergillosis. Conventional surgery and antifungal therapy failed, and the lesion stubbornly followed a chronic course until itraconazole therapy was instituted, resulting in a complete cure which still persists nearly 4 years after withdrawal of any chemotherapy.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Bronchial cancer in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Report of 3 cases].

We report 3 cases of bronchial carcinoma in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Like the other 13 cases found in the literature, these were characterized by their occurrence in young subjects, their often adenocarcinomatous nature and their abnormally severe course. These clinical features raise the problem of the role played by HIV in the development and, above all, the clinical expression of bronchial carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[The staging of bronchial cancer].

The variety of individual opinions encountered in the evaluation of lung cancer is due to the multiplicity of investigations. The intrathoracic extent is basically assessed by bronchial fibroscopy with tiered biopsies and computerized tomography. The specificity of computerized tomography in the evaluation of lymph node involvement never exceeds 75 per cent, and although this figure is higher as regards mediastinal or direct chest wall involvement, it never reaches 100 per cent. The information provided by magnetic resonance imaging is not better. Metastatic extension is evaluated by abdominal ultrasonography and computerized tomography of the brain and of the upper abdomen. Systematic radionuclide bone scanning is debatable and some other examinations must be reserved to certain histological types; this is the case with bone marrow biopsy (completed, if necessary, by monoclonal antibodies) or magnetic resonance imaging of bones in small cell carcinomas. The levels of some markers are well correlated with tumoral dissemination.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗
PubMed1989

[Hypoxemia in liver cirrhosis].

Hypoxaemia is observed in almost 30 per cent of patients with cirrhosis of the liver, irrespective of the cause of cirrhosis. Two main physiopathological mechanisms can be described: hypoxaemia may be secondary to intrapulmonary vascular abnormalities or due to a regional disequilibrium of the ventilation/perfusion ratio. In the first case, the severity of hypoxaemia often requires complex and invasive investigations, while in the second case, by far the most frequent, hypoxaemia is moderate, usually asymptomatic and in practice only needs a few investigations.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1989

[Drug-induced pneumopathies (excluding cytostatic drugs)].

Establishing the diagnosis of drug-induced pneumonitis is always difficult and requires that the following criteria be met: administration of the drug on a long-term basis; knowledge that the drug is able to induce pulmonary disorders; occurrence during therapy of interstitial pneumonitis with clinical, radiological and functional characteristics of this type of lung disease; exclusion of all other causes of interstitial pneumonitis (cardiac failure, infections, collagen vascular diseases, malignancies); bronchoalveolar lavage specimen, revealing lymphocytosis with an inverted CD4/CD8 lymphocyte ratio, isolated or associated with neutrophil and/or eosinophil alveolitis; finally, full recovery within several weeks or months after drug withdrawal unless irreversible pulmonary fibrosis has occurred. Certain specific characteristics correspond to the therapeutic class of the drug, i.e. antimicrobial, cardiovascular, antiinflammatory, neurological, metabolic, antiallergy or some other drugs.

Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions↗
PubMed1988

Vitamin D metabolism in tuberculosis. Production of 1,25(OH)2D3 by cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage and the role of this metabolite in calcium homeostasis.

To investigate the extrarenal production of 1,25(OH)2D3 in tuberculosis, we extensively evaluated a patient with tuberculosis, hypercalcemia, and an elevated plasma concentration of 1,25(OH)2D3. Fresh total cells and cultured alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage were demonstrated to synthesize 1,25(OH)2D3 prior to and after nine months of successful antituberculous therapy. The continued capacity to produce 1,25(OH)2D3 was associated with a persistent lymphocytic alveolitis in this patient. This extrarenal production of 1,25(OH)2D3 probably contributed to the increased levels of plasma 1,25(OH)2D observed in our patient. Nevertheless, a close correlation between plasma 1,25(OH)2D and serum calcium was not observed. These findings suggest that although extrarenal production of 1,25(OH)2D3 occurs in tuberculosis, it need not be a predominant factor producing the abnormalities in calcium homeostasis observed in such patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Thoracic metastases of ependymoma. Apropos of a case and review of the literature].

A 27-year old woman with occipital ependymoma treated by surgery and radiotherapy for multiple recurrences developed a right lymphocytic pleural effusion. After 3 inconclusive needle biopsies of the pleura, pleurectomy was performed. Pathological examination with a specific immunohistochemical marker provided a diagnosis of pleuro-pulmonary metastases from the ependymoma. This rare case of extraneuraxial metastasis from a cerebral ependymoma is discussed in the light of published data. Its originality lies in that a positive diagnosis of pleural metastases was obtained with an immunohistochemical marker, the gliofibrillary antiprotein serum (anti-GFAP) specific of glial tissue.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Pulmonary aspergilloma appearing early].

A 62-year old smoker and alcoholic woman with chronic obstructive lung disease was admitted for suppurative pneumonia with cavitation and developed an intracavitary aspergilloma less than 2 months after the first signs of pneumonia. In view of the short time elapsed between the aspergilloma and the onset of suppurative pneumonia, 2 possibilities are discussed: either an aspergilloma developed unusually early in the cavity of a recent pulmonary abscess, or the patient had a chronic necrotizing pulmonary aspergillosis diagnosed at an early stage, which would account for all the manifestations observed.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1988

[Immunological studies in hypersensitivity pneumopathies].

In immunological investigations in hypersensitivity pneumonia some have a diagnostic value for the clinician but many others are essentially of interest in research and in analysing the pathophysiology. Unfortunately, skin tests with the responsible antigens are often positive in patients but also in exposed subjects without the lung disease. Studies on peripheral blood require a search for IgE immediate hypersensitivity which is rarely positive and above all a search for precipitating antibodies by the different standard tests available: there again, positive findings occur often enough in exposed but asymptomatic subjects; the sensibility and specificity of cell-mediated hypersensitivity tests seem much more reliable. The study of cell populations in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid generally shows an inverted T4:T8 lymphocyte ratio; a functional analysis seems to show a high degree of lymphocyte activation, which may be of T4 or T8 phenotype whilst cytotoxic lymphocyte activity would be exclusively found in the patients and not in asymptomatic exposed subjects. The provocation test, as long as it is positive, is one of the firmest elements in a diagnosis, above all if one takes care to couple this with a study of the lavage. Finally, the satisfaction of the immuno-histological criteria is currently rarely required to confirm the presence of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗