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Biomedical subjects

B Melsen

Publications and source records attributed to B Melsen.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Effect of an instructional motivation program on oral health in Danish adolescents after 1 and 2 years.

A 2-year study of the isolated effect of an intensive motivation program in the oral health of 11--15-year-old schoolchildren was carried out in a Danish provincial town. The motivation program consisted of small-group sessions during which maximum effort was made to obtain active engagement from the children. After 1 year the experimental group was supplemented with two new groups of children who in addition to the motivation participated in a competition on dental hygiene. The effect of the motivational program on knowledge and behavior was evaluated. While the program seemed to result in a reinforcement of the already existing positive attitude, the cognitive level was only slightly improved and no change in behavior resulting in improved oral health was registered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Plaque inhibition by guanidino propyl piperazine (CKO 569A).

The plaque inhibiting effect of the antibacterial substance, guanidino propyl piperazine (CKO 569A) has been analized in a clinical study of 10 adults. Plaque formation was enhanced by three daily rinses with 15% sucrose. Normal hygiene was performed. The effects of a twice daily mouthwash of 30 s duration with 0.2, 0.1 and 0.05% CKO 569A, 0.05% chlorhexidine and a placebo on plaque formation were compared through a registration of plaque scores. Each solution was tested over a period of 5 days. As a result of this study it could be concluded that in humans CKO 569A is an effective inhibitor of plaque, and that lingual plaque scores appear to be a good indicator of plaque inhibiting activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

An electromyographic and roentgen cephalometric study of occlusal morphofunctional disharmony in children.

In a sample of children with dual bite and symptoms in the masticatory system, the activity of the anterior temporal and masseter muscles was studied electromyographically during clench and light tapping in the posterior occlusal contact position and centric occlusion and in protrusive bite on the incisors. The findings indicated that the optimal muscle function during maximal clench and tapping with displayed in the posterior occlusal contact position, which in the present subjects was situated, on the average, 0.5 to 1 mm. anterior to the centric jaw relation. It should therefore be recommended that, in orthodontic treatment of children with dual bite, the intercuspal position (centric occlusion) should be established in the posterior occlusal relationship. This is in accordance with the opinion of several authors who have emphasized the use of the retruded contact position (the centric jaw relation) as key reference position in orthodontic treatment and occlusal rehabilitation. These authors have further emphasized the importance of stable occlusal contacts in centric relation, centric occlusion, and the various jaw excursions in obtaining and maintaining a harmonious function between the dentition, the temporomandibular joints, and the neuromuscular system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of acupuncture on headache measured by reduction in number of attacks and use of drugs.

The experiment was performed in order to study the effect of acupuncture on headache by comparing the number of attacks during a 2-month period after acupuncture with the number of attacks during a similar period before treatment. Twenty-nine students (age: 19-24 years) all suffering from headache filled out questionnaires noting the days with attacks of headache and the amount and type of drugs used for 60 consecutive days. After acupuncture this observation procedure was repeated. One group of 10 students, however, received a placebo treatment instead of acupuncture but followed the identical questionnaire procedure. After 120 days acupuncture was given to this second group without revealing that the first treatment was a placebo. This treatment was again followed by a 60-day observation period. Comparison of the questionnaires before and after acupuncture showed a significant reduction in the number of days with headache. The placebo treatment resulted in a nonsignificant reduction in attacks of headache. A reduction in the amount of drugs used, especially the acetylsalicylate type, was noted following the acupuncture treatment. It is concluded that acupuncture is a relevant therapy for headache with a definite symptomatic effect.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1979

Dentin formation in formocresol pulpotomized primary monkey teeth studied by tetracycline and 3H-proline incorporation.

The influence of formocresol treatment on the pulp tissue of 24 primary monkey teeth was studied using tetracycline and 3H-proline labeling techniques. Six untreated monkey teeth served as controls. The tetracycline labeled teeth were examined between 352 and 600 d, following treatment. The 3H-proline labeled teeth were observed over a period of 22-607 d, the isotope being administered 15 d before extraction. The labeling was evaluated in the coronal, middle and apical area of the roots. Dentin formation as indicated by tetracycline labeling was observed in both control teeth and successfully treated teeth, as well as in some of the unsuccessfully treated teeth. The average dentin formation rate per day varied from 1 micrometer in the control teeth to 0.14 micrometer in the pulpotomized teeth (P less than 0.01). Success of treatment was of significant importance for the amount of dentin formation (P less than 0.001). Labeling with 3H-proline, indicating collagen synthesis, could be observed in the pulp and predentin of the majority of areas judged to be normal, degenerated or inflamed. Labeling was not observed in fixed or necrotic tissue. In degenerated pulp tissue the proline labeling was clearly reduced. The findings indicate that dentin formation and collagen synthesis may take place in formaldehyde influenced pulp tissue although at a decreased rate.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effects of cervical anchorage during and after treatment: an implant study.

Two groups of ten patients with postnormal molar relation, identical as regards facial morphology and dental stage, were treated for 8 months with cervical traction of the Kloehn type. The extraoral arch of the headgear was tilted upward in relation to the occlusal plane in one group and downward in the other. The local tooth movements were measured and related to metal implants inserted in the jaws. The movement of the implants in relation to the anterior cranial base expressed the amount and direction of the sutural and condylar growth. It was shown that a normal molar relationship was established in the shortest time with a downward tilt of the extraoral bow. A pronounced distal tipping of the molars was observed in these patients. The growth direction of the maxilla during cervical treatment was downward and backward and the mandible rotated posteriorly. The children were observed again 7 to 8 years after treatment, and it appeared that the influence of the headgear on the growth pattern of the facial skeleton was reversible, as a pronounced anterior direction of growth of the maxilla as well as of the mandible was observed in all but two subjects.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1978

Effect of professional toothcleansing every third week on gingivitis and dental caries in children.

A previous paper reported on the 1-year effect on dental caries and gingivitis of biweekly professional toothcleansing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of a change from 2 to 3 weeks in the interval between the professional toothcleansings during the 2nd year. The DMFS increment during the 2nd year did not differe significantly between the experimental and control groups. The plaque and gingival indices, although increased during the 2nd year, were still significantly lower in children subjected to the 3-weekly cleansing than in children in the control group.

Child↗
PubMed1978

Prevalence of malocclusion in relation to premature loss of primary teeth.

The influence of premature extraction of primary teeth. The influence of the site of extraction was analyzed by studying the frequency of malocclusion in the group of children with extraction in the mandible or maxilla only. It was found that early loss of primary teeth would result in an increased frequency of sagittal, vertical as well as transversal malocclusion. As a consequence the need for treatment would increase significantly by early extraction of primary teeth. Whereas extraction in the maxilla would tend to result in need for extraction of permanent teeth; extraction in the mandible would often lead to need for orthodontic treatment of longer duration. On the basis of these findings it could be concluded that maintaining a high standard of dental service for preschool children must be considered good economy, since the need for premature extractions is reduced.

Child↗
PubMed1978

An evaluation of the quantitative parameters applied in bone histology.

An evaluation of the following histomorphometric parameters: absolute trabecular bone volume (ATBV), osteoid surfaces (OS), osteoid volume (OV), resorption surfaces (RS), and mean size of periosteocytic lacunae (POL) was carried out. Double determination on sections, obtained from an area 2 cm below the summit and 2 cm behind the anterior, superior, spine of the iliac crest from 20 normal individuals aged 20-40 years, showed that the precision of method by far outweighed the inter-individual variation. Parameters obtained from 9 different localizations within the iliac bone revealed that the volume of bone was the only parameter which was influenced if the bone specimen was removed more than 2 cm below or behind the standard localization. Randomly selected sections alternately stained with Masson trichrome and toluidin blue were used for the study of the influence of the staining method on the osteoid parameters. It was shown that Masson trichrome staining would generally result in a slightly higher value of osteoid surfaces. There was, however, a high correlation between the parameters obtained with the two methods. (OS: r = 0.96; OV: r = 0.87).

Adult↗