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Biomedical subjects

B Mattsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Mattsson.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Impact of day care on dementia patients--costs, well-being and relatives' views.

Forty-seven patients in psychogeriatric day centre were analysed regarding use of resources, costs and well-being. The level of well-being was based on interviews with staff and relatives and related to the economic outcome--a cost utility analysis. A 6 month period prior to day care was compared with the first 6 months in such care. The use of resources at home increased by 20% while the use of institutional care was reduced by 22%. Fifty-three percent of the patients improved in their well-being after participation in day care. When the cost of utility analysis was applied, the cost for a well-year was 4293 pounds.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The incidence of cancer among blood donors.

This study presents data on cancer incidence among 37,795 blood donors in an attempt to test the hypothesis that blood donation might be associated with cancer development. At a median follow-up time of nine years (range 5-13 years) a total of 1152 cancer cases have been diagnosed. The expected number of cancer cases derived from an age-matched population was 1459 giving a relative risk ratio (RR) of 0.79 (p less than 0.001). Calculations were made with and without latency periods between first blood donation and the diagnosis of cancer (0, 5, 10, 15 years). Overall, significantly decreased cancer incidence was observed (p less than 0.001) though the number of observed cases of haematological malignancies was not significantly different from that expected. For polycythaemia vera, however, the O/E ratio was 1.81 possibly indicating an association with blood donation. A more likely explanation is that this reflects increased diagnosis of polycythaemia vera in the blood donor population.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1990

Premature deaths among men in a Swedish municipality--civil status and primary health care utilization prior to death.

Causes of premature deaths among men in relation to civil status and primary health care utilization were studied in a Swedish municipality. Alcoholism, suicide and accidents (psycho-social deaths and accidents) were of special concern (40% of all deaths). When principal and contributing causes of death were considered, alcoholism was registered in 21% of all men. Including information from primary health care records, the Social Services and the local outpatient alcohol clinic, the proportion of men with alcohol abuse was 40%. Half of the men with psychosocial deaths and accidents were divorced at the time of death. The time elapse between divorce and death was especially short for those who committed suicide, 1.4 years, compared to 9.5 years when death was due to alcohol. Half of the men who visited the primary health care centre six months before death were single, and the problem of the final antemortem visit anticipated the cause of death in the majority of these men.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Long-term survival after malignant glioma. A clinical and histopathological study on the accuracy of the diagnosis in a population-based cancer register.

The Stockholm Regional Cancer Register (SRCR) contains 1,002 patients with malignant glioma reported between 1958 and 1977. A total of 49 patients had a minimum survival time of 4 years and of these 48 were studied in search for histological characteristics that might explain the unexpectedly good prognosis. In only 8 of the 48 patients (17%) could the diagnosis of malignant glioma of high malignancy grade be verified at histopathological reexamination. All 8 were grade III tumors according to WHO and no primary glioblastomas were found. The explanation for the erroneous registration was either incorrect initial pathological diagnosis or incorrect registration. No common morphological features could be found among the correctly registered long-term survivors. Survival data on gliomas based on original histopathological diagnoses derived from information in population-based cancer registers should be cautiously interpreted. Reliable conclusions can only be drawn when such data are supplemented with clinical information and the histopathology is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Life after divorce: a study of newly divorced middle-aged men in Sweden.

Thirty-two divorced men aged 30 to 44 years answered a questionnaire within seven months after the dissolution of their marriages. They were asked for life circumstances (housing and working conditions, economic situation) and perceived health and a personal interview was also performed with most of the men. Primary health care records during the year of divorce were analysed according to number of visits and reasons for encounter. A majority of the men perceived working conditions as satisfying while about half of the men had moved to less satisfying housing conditions. They recorded a high number of psychological symptoms (insomnia, fatigue, anxiety) but this was not recognizable in the primary health care records. Ten men had had more than one divorce and in this sub-group there were several alcohol abusers. The importance of primary health care in the early recognition of the complex situation of divorced men is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Length of consultations in general practice in Sweden: views of doctors and patients.

In a study in Sweden of 160 consultations, general practitioners and patients separately assessed their satisfaction with the consultation length and the ability of the patient to explain the problem. These assessments were compared with each other and were correlated with the actual length of the consultation. The mean length of the consultations was 21 minutes with a great variation between different doctors. Consultations with psychological problems were longer than those with a physical character (mean of 28 versus 14 minutes). Elderly patients had longer consultations. The patients were on the whole more satisfied than the doctors. There was no evidence that longer consultations gave more satisfaction for either doctors or patients. The doctors not only registered more psychological problems than the patients but they were more likely to register insufficient time for discussing psychological problems.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1989

Cancer mortality trends in Sweden 1960-1986.

Time-related trends in age-standardized cancer mortality have been suggested to be the best single measure of the progress--or lack of progress--in cancer control measures. The paper presents data on trends in Sweden during 1960-1986. From the middle of the 1970s, total cancer mortality decreased significantly among both males and females. The estimated annual decrease between 1975 and 1986 was 0.5-1.2%. Current Swedish trends are thus in keeping with the goal stated in the European Community's action programme 'Europe against cancer': a 10-15% decrease in total age-standardized cancer mortality by the year 2000. This goal might even be too conservative, because most of the cancer control measures in 'Europe against cancer' will not be able to enhance the current downward trends until the early 1990s.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Linkage of G8 (D4S10) in two Swedish families with Huntington's disease.

Two Swedish families with Huntington's disease (HD) have been investigated for linkage with G8 (D4S10). In one family from northern Sweden (Family 1) 48 family members were examined, and in another family from the southwestern part of Sweden (Family 2) 14 family members were examined. The lod scores were 1.531 for Family 1 and 2.057 for Family 2, and the combined lod score was 3.59. The HD gene was segregating with the haplotype C in Family 1 and with haplotype A in Family 2. The predictive value of the test was obvious. Before the testing with the G8 probe, 84.2% of the family members in Family 1 had a theoretical risk of 25% or 50% of having the HD gene. After the testing with the G8 probe, only 23.7% of the family members remained at the same risk, and it could also be certified that 63.2% had no or little risk of having the HD gene. Only one asymptomatic person was predicted to have HD.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Utilization of inpatient and emergency care: effects of changes in primary care system.

At the Vännäs Health Centre changes in practice style and work routines were introduced in 1978. The concomitant changes in hospital use in Vännäs and three reference areas were followed. The results were based on recorded visits to the emergency department of the hospital three months each year 1976-1980 and upon all individual admissions to hospital care in the county 1977-1979. We found a decrease in the number of visits to the emergency department and no changes in admissions to inpatient care for inhabitants of the Vännäs catchment area. The question remains unresolved, whether a mere change in the way of working in the health centre, caused a change in hospital use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Urinary tract infection in primary health care in northern Sweden. I. Epidemiology.

During a 12-month study at the primary health care (PHC) centre in Vännäs (population 8,000) 632 encounters by 265 individuals because of suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) or control after treatment resulted in 279 episodes of bacteriuria in 185 patients. Nine per cent of the episodes concerned patients with indwelling catheter or incontinence requiring other aids. Symptoms of lower and higher UTI were recorded in 56 and 12%, respectively, whereas one third of the episodes were associated with vague or no symptoms and discovered mainly at planned treatment controls. The annual incidence of bacteriuria recorded increased from 0.5% in the first decade of life to more than 10% in the age group 90-100 years. Male UTI comprised 13% of the episodes, increased after middle age and contributed 40% at greater than or equal to 80 years of age. The risk of recurrence (on average 50% during the year studied) was relatively independent of sex and age. No seasonal variation of UTI was observed except for a peak in late summer due to Staphylococcus saprophyticus confined to females aged 15-64 years and causing 28% of the episodes in August. Although UTI in PHC appears to be similar globally it represents a far more complex patient group than indicated by the UTI drug trials frequently published.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Urinary tract infection in primary health care in northern Sweden. II. Clinical presentation.

In a multipractice prevalence study of uncomplicated urinary tract infection (UTI) in primary health care (PHC), with 355 episodes in 302 individuals during one month, 93% of the episodes occurred in females and Escherichia coli was the dominating causative organism (77%). Most episodes of UTI (84%) were acute and associated with lower (75%), upper (5%) or uncharacteristic symptoms (4%) whereas 16% represented bacteriuria discovered by posttreatment controls. Urgency (77%) and dysuria (70%) were the most common symptoms. Loin pain was highly associated with upper UTI (88%) but was reported also in 23% of episodes of lower UTI. Patient's delay differed between PHC centres and patient categories and was surprisingly long, four weeks in nine per cent and on average 8.4 days.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Initiating change in primary care, the Vännäs Project. Its realization and evaluation.

It is expected that the development of primary care shall add qualities such as accessibility, continuity and cooperation to the health care system. In Sweden the health care system is mainly based on hospital care, but projects organized outside hospital settings have been tested, the Primary Health Care Center of Vännäs being one of many. This article reports on the aims of the Vännäs Project and the means used to accomplish postulated goals. In a study conducted between 1976 and 1980, we analyzed the interaction of the aims, means and evaluation of the project. The need for a functioning interplay among the three components was emphasized in order to promote sound planning and knowledgeable decisions. A model for development work in primary care is proposed to give stability and structure to thoughts and ideas when changes are being considered. To further primary care, it is necessary to proceed with a clear structure in order to prevent chance and fashion from running the development.

Continuity of Patient Care↗
PubMed1985

Some aspects on validity of breast cancer, pancreatic cancer and lung cancer registration in Swedish official statistics.

From the Regional Cancer Register of Stockholm County and the Swedish Cause-of-Death Register, a total of 1445 individuals were selected. The patients had died in 1978 and were recorded with cancer of breast, pancreas or lung in either (or both) register. Inter-register discordance in regard to diagnostic information was found in 411 cases. Clinical records were retrospectively studied in order to establish the correct diagnosis. In breast cancer, most of the discordance was explained by the numerous deaths from intercurrent causes, though some underestimation of breast cancer as cause of death was noted (5%). Several incorrect entries of pancreas and lung cancer were found in the Cause-of-Death Register, due to inclusion of metastatic disease as primary tumour or non-alteration of the death certificate when a subsequent autopsy showed another diagnosis. In the Cancer Register, few diagnoses of pancreas and lung cancer were found to be incorrect. On the other hand, the register showed a slight undernotification of these tumour types. Routine alteration of death certificates when autopsy gives results differing from the clinical diagnosis and information to doctors concerning the aims, routines and coding procedures at the Cancer and Cause-of-Death Registries, presumably would enhance the accuracy of the registers' statistics.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Undernotification of diagnosed cancer cases to the Stockholm Cancer Registry.

A study of undernotification to the Stockholm Regional Cancer Registry comprised cancer diagnosed in 1978. Non-notified cases were identified by linking the cancer register with two independent sources of information viz. the Swedish cause-of-death register (fatal cases) and the regional in-patient care register (non-fatal cases). The estimated deficit in the cancer register for 1978 was 4% of the total cancer incidence for that year. The unreported non-fatal cases were followed up for five years, during which time more than half of the cancer diagnoses were entered on death certificates. If the cancer register had been supplemented with information from death certificates, therefore, only about 1% of all non-notified cases would have remained unregistered five years after diagnosis.

Death Certificates↗
PubMed1985

A new method for sealing composite resin contraction gaps in lined cavities.

Composite resin restorations are often applied in cavities where cervical margins are left unetched, resulting in poorer adaptation in this area. Recent experiments have indicated the possibility of impregnating with resin the gap caused by polymerization contraction. Cavities were prepared in vitro and in vivo. A thin liner was applied inside and outside the cavity. Except for the cervical wall, enamel margins were bevelled and acid-etched, and the cavities restored with Concise Enamel Bond and Composite. In another series, cavities with unetched enamel were restored. Since the liner was placed outside the cavity margins, excess material could be removed without blockage of the air-filled gap. Enamel Bond with a fluorescent additive was applied to various margins. Ground sections were prepared, and the penetration of this resin into the gap was examined with a microscope. In most teeth, the resin penetrated from 0.5 to 2 mm from the cervical margins. Similar penetration was seen from unetched margins, except for the occlusal one. No penetration was seen at acid-etched margins. By impregnating gaps with low-viscous resin after the filling has cured, one can obtain an improved seal at unetched margins.

Acid Etching, Dental↗