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B M Stephenson

Publications and source records attributed to B M Stephenson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Hard to swallow.

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Anesthesia Recovery Period↗
PubMed1996

Hereditary susceptibility to colorectal cancer. Relatives of early onset cases are particularly at risk.

Close relatives of patients with colorectal cancer are at an increased risk of developing a colorectal malignancy themselves. PURPOSE. A study was conducted to compare risks in relatives of patients diagnosed at different ages. METHODS. Family histories were taken from two cohorts of patients with colorectal cancer: Group A, a population group of 65 patients diagnosed at or under 45 (median, 42) years; Group B, 212 patients of all ages (median, 68 years) treated in a single surgeon's practice. RESULTS. Overall relative risk of colorectal cancer in first-degree relatives was 5.2 in Group A and 2.3 in Group B. There was familial clustering of colorectal cancers suggestive of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer in 13 (20 percent) families in Group A but in only 3 (1.5 percent) families in the second group. Cumulative incidence of colorectal cancer for relatives of the young cohort rose steeply from 40 years, reaching 5 percent at age 50 years and 10 percent at age 70 years. This contrasts with risk for relatives of older patients, in whom the shape of the curve resembles that of the overall population risk, reaching 5 percent at age 70 years and 10 percent at age 80 years. CONCLUSIONS. There appears to be a quantitative and qualitative increase in risk to relatives of patients diagnosed at a young age compared with those diagnosed later in life, at least part of which is likely to be the result of a hereditary susceptibility. Close relatives of early onset cases warrant more intensive endoscopic screening and at an earlier age than relatives of patients diagnosed at older ages.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Potential disadvantages of post-operative adjuvant radiotherapy after anterior resection for rectal cancer: a pilot study of sphincter function, rectal capacity and clinical outcome.

The aim of this study was to try to gauge the functional effect of post-operative adjuvant radiotherapy after potentially curative anterior resection for carcinoma of the rectum. Anorectal function was studied both in the laboratory and clinically in 59 patients, a median of 12 months (range 6-96) after operation. Nine patients received post-operative radiotherapy and 50 matched patients were treated by surgery alone. Though maximum resting anal pressures and maximum squeeze pressures were similar in the two groups of patients, the length and pressure profile of the anal sphincter were both markedly abnormal after radiotherapy. The capacity and compliance of the neorectum were diminished significantly after radiotherapy (maximum tolerated volume 53 ml vs 110 ml after surgery alone, P = 0.008, compliance 1.5 ml/cm H2O vs 3.7 ml/cm H2O after surgery alone, p = 0.018) and the amount of distension of the neorectum required to produced maximum inhibition of the anal sphincter during the rectoanal inhibitory reflex was also significantly diminished after radiotherapy (P = 0.005). Clinical anorectal function was worse among patients who had received radiotherapy, a greater proportion of whom experienced both urgency of defaecation and varying degrees of incontinence. Major faecal leakage necessitating the use of a pad was recorded in 3 of the 59 patients after radiotherapy (one of whom required a permanent colostomy), but in only 5 of 50 patients after surgery alone.

Adult↗