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Biomedical subjects

B M Gutwein

Publications and source records attributed to B M Gutwein.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

Reversal of cycloheximide-induced amnesia by adrenergic receptor stimulation.

Amnesia for a multiple trial appetitive spatial dicrimination habit induced by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CXM) was reversed by peripheral injections of both alpha (clonidine) and beta (isoproterenol) norepinephrine receptor stimulators. Stimulation of dopamine receptors with piribedil and acetylcholine receptors with pilocarpine was ineffective in reversing amnesia. The clonidine-induced recovery was blocked by phentolamine and the isoproterenol recovery by propranolol. Examination of the temporal parameters of clonidine-induced recovery indicated that the amnesia was prevented if the agonist was injected either before training and CXM treatment, up to 1 hr after training and up to 3 hr prior to testing. Clonidine also alleviated amnesia induced by another protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, for a shock motivated brightness discrimination habit. These data suggest that the transient amnesia induced by CXM may be a consequence of disruption of adrenergic mechanisms and more specifically that norepinephrine may play an important role in memory retrieval.

Amnesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paradoxical sleep and memory (II): sleep circadian rhythmicity following enriched and impoverished environmental rearing.

Sleep cycle circadian rhythmicity following either enriched or impoverished environmental rearing is examined in this study. Mice are reared in either super-enriched (SEE), regular-enriched (REE), social control (SC), or impoverished (IE) environments for 30 days. SEE and REE groups show a general increase in total slow-wave sleep (SWS) in the 24 hr cycle but the number of SWS episodes, mean duration of SWS episodes, and percent SWS of total sleep time (TST) is not significantly different from the SC groups for the Day cycle (0700--1900). Enriched rearing produces a selective and significant increase in the number of PS (Paradoxical sleep or REM sleep) episodes, mean duration of PS episodes, total amount of PS time, and percent PS/TST throughout the 24 hr cycle. IE reared mice also show a general increase in SWS primarily during the Day cycle but with rearing experience plays an important role in the developing of the basic rhythmicity during the sleep (PS-SWS)-wakefulness cycle, and (2) provide further support for our hypothesis that PS occurring over a prolonged time period is a requisite neurobiological mechanism for the processing, maintenance, and storage of long-term memory.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paradoxical sleep and memory (I): Selective alterations following enriched and impoverished environmental rearing.

Mice were reared in either enriched (EE), social control, (SE), or impoverished (IE) environments for 30 days. Environmental enrichment results in a significant and selective increase in paradoxical sleep (PS, or REM sleep) and also enhances recall of a multiple-trial, brightness discrimination task 28 days after training. Conversely, impoverished (IE) reared mice exhibit a decrease in PS and impaired task performance relative to socially housed (SE) controls. These results support the hypothesis that PS plays an integral role in the maintenance and stability of long-term memory.

Animals↗