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Biomedical subjects

B Lundström

Publications and source records attributed to B Lundström.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The accuracy of measurements of femoral neck fractures. Conventional radiography versus roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis.

Postoperative displacement of the femoral head center was measured in 60 intracapsular hip fractures at repeated conventional radiographic (CR) and roentgen stereophotogrammetric (RSA) examinations. The measurements of the conventional radiographs (405 pairs) were done on a digitizing table. Totally, 105 pairs of these radiographs (AP and lateral, CR) were measured by 2 observers. Manual measurements were also made on 176 pairs of the conventional radiographs. Conventional radiographs tended to overestimate or underestimate the average displacements up to about 2 mm. Two standard deviations of the differences (RSA-CR) varied from 5.8 to 9.6 mm depending on the direction of the movements. The accuracy of the measurements on conventional radiographs did not differ between the 2 examiners. The digitizing table was found to be more accurate than the manual measurements. The accuracy of conventional radiography can most likely be improved by using a strictly standardized examination technique.

Femoral Neck Fractures↗
PubMed1989

Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I and systemic lupus erythematosus with complement C4A homozygous null alleles in the same family.

A three generation family from northern Sweden with both trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type I (TRP I) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-like syndrome with complement C4 homozygous null alleles is described. Five family members in three generations were affected by the TRP I syndrome, indicating autosomal dominant inheritance. Two members had clinical and laboratory signs of SLE and two other members SLE-like syndrome. All living family members in the first and second generation had homozygous C4A null alleles. In three of the adults the two syndromes occurred simultaneously, probably in this family by coincidence.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

Surgical biopsy of non-palpable mammary lesions. Technique and results.

In a randomized controlled trial with mammographic screening for early detection of breast cancer, 314 non-palpable breast lesions were examined by open biopsy between 1978 and 1983. These biopsies were performed after the lesions had been indicated by the hooked wire technique. In 185 cases the findings turned out to be benign while 129 proved to be malignant. Satisfactory initial biopsies were achieved in 95% of the cases. A model for the management of mammary lesions found in such a screening programme is described and some difficulties are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Reduction in mortality from breast cancer after mass screening with mammography. Randomised trial from the Breast Cancer Screening Working Group of the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare.

A randomised controlled trial to investigate the efficacy of mass screening with single-view mammography in reducing mortality from breast cancer was started in Sweden in 1977. 162 981 women aged 40 years or more and living in the counties of Kopparberg and Ostergötland were enrolled in the study and divided at random into 2 groups. Each woman in the study group was offered screening every 2 or 3 years depending on age. Women in the control group were not offered screening. This report is confined to the 134 867 women aged 40-74 years at date of entry. The results to the end of 1984 show a 31% reduction in mortality from breast cancer and a 25% reduction in the rate of stage II or more advanced breast cancers in the group invited to screening. 7 years after the start of the study the excess of stage I cancers in the study group largely outweighs the deficit of advanced cancers.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Nonfamilial polycystic kidneys without enlargement.

7 middle-aged males with bilateral, polycystic, nonfamilial kidneys without enlargement are described. The histological examination revealed multiple cysts of varying sizes and changes such as in interstitial nephritis. 6 of the patients had hematuria and/or calculi in the urinary tract. The etiology of the cysts is not clear. The picture does not conform to that of congenital cystic kidney. The cysts might possibly be a final phenomenon in contracted kidneys, so-called acquired cystic disease, but it should be noted that in 4 of the 7 cases the cystic degeneration was demonstrated log before the uremia appeared. Another possibility is that the cystic transformation described here might be attributed to a specific type of interstitial nephritis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of ultrasonography and computed tomography in preoperative location of parathyroid adenomas.

The value of high-resolution real-time ultrasonography in locating parathyroid adenomas was compared with that of computed tomography (CT). In 21 patients with a single parathyroid adenoma verified at neck exploration, preoperative ultrasonography and CT detected the adenoma in 15 and 11 cases, respectively. Ultrasound gave false-positive results in four patients and false-negative in two, whereas CT was false-positive in four patients and false-negative in six. Most false-positive reports were due to misinterpretation of small thyroid nodules. For acceptable accuracy both methods require an experienced radiologist. Technical and interpretive problems seem to be somewhat less frequent with ultrasonography than with CT. Ultrasonography has therefore become the method of choice for preoperative location of enlarged parathyroid glands at our hospital, and CT is used as a complementary procedure, e.g. when a mediastinal adenoma is suspected.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Outcome of sex reassignment surgery.

Three independent reviews of the world literature dealing with the outcome of sex reassignment surgery in transsexualism are presented. In 10-15% of the patients who undergo sex reassignment the results end up in a failure. There are as many failures in the female to male group as in the male to female group. Optimal results from the surgical procedures are important for a successful outcome. Relatively high age when first requesting sex reassignment may be regarded as a risk factor for poor outcome. Genuine transsexuals as a group seem to have a better prognosis for successful outcome of sex reassignment than a group of secondary transsexuals (i.e. transvestites and effeminate homosexuals). On the other hand, secondary transsexuals do better than genuine transsexuals when sex reassignment is refused. It is stressed that great importance should be given to the differential diagnosis when evaluating gender dysphoric patients for sex reassignment.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Clinical problems in relation to breast cancer screening with mammography. A preliminary report.

In the mammography screening in Ostergötland county, a shift to more favourable stages of breast tumours has been observed after five years of screening: stage I 71% and stage II 29% in the study group compared with stage I 40% and stage II 60% in the control group. 1 429 women were referred for clinical examination. 418 (29%) turned out to have breast carcinomas. 339 patients (23%) needed more than one clinical examination for definite diagnosis. 49% of the tumours were smaller than 11 mm, and only 32% of the small invasive cancers were suspected of malignancy at the clinical examination.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Assessment of deep venous insufficiency by ascending phlebography.

Retrograde femoral phlebography performed in the supine and erect positions are compared. In deep venous insufficiency, the contrast medium passes considerably farther down in the retrograde direction in examinations with the patient in the erect position. A comparison was made between ascending and retrograde techniques in order to find out what predictive value conventional ascending phlebography of the lower limb may have with regard to the function of the valves in the femoral vein. Layering of the contrast medium in the valvular sinus is a very reliable sign of valvular competence and was observed in two-thirds of the cases without deep venous insufficiency. This figure can be increased by a slight modification of the method of examination. Absence of layering does not necessarily indicate deep venous insufficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis and common bile duct stenosis. A case report.

The ordinary manifestations of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) with involvement of the ureters and urinary obstruction are well known. Quite a number of publications have made it clear that this disease process can often also affect organ systems other than the urinary tract--from the trachea and mediastinum to the rectum. The present case report calls attention to the fact that IRF may also be a surgically treatable cause of obstructive icterus.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Cross-cultural approaches to transsexualism. A comparison between Sweden and Australia.

Several hypotheses with regard to the influence of societal factors including the rigidity of the society with regard to sex roles, sexual equality and homosexual behaviour were tested comparing prevalence, incidence and sex ratio of transsexualism between Sweden and Australia, two societies which differ with respect to these factors while otherwise remaining comparable as Western democratic societies of about the same size and level of technological development. Significant differences were found between the two countries in both frequency and sex ratio of transsexualism. These findings are discussed and it is concluded that societal influences seem to have an influence on the number of transsexuals presenting as patients. Further research is needed to assess whether these factors also influence aetiology and development of transsexualism.

Australia↗
PubMed1981

Human thyroid blood flow response to endogenous, exogenous human, and bovine thyrotrophin measured by electromagnetic flowmetry.

Human thyroid blood flow (TBF) was studied with electromagnetic flowmetry during operation. Measurements were made of the effect on TBF of injections of bovine TSH into one inferior thyroid artery in 6 patients; 6 other patients were given human TSH, and in 10 patients measurements were made both of TBF and endogenous TSH released after administration of TRH in a peripheral vein. The TBF increased after all three types of injection. The mean of the TBF maxima after bovine TSH was 2.26 +/- 0.35 (mean +/- SEM) relative to basal TBF, after human TSH 1.97 +/- 0.28, and after TRH 1.64 +/- 0.20. In the three groups combined it was 1.92 +/- 0.16. The TBF was often increased already during the first recording period 1-10 min after TSH or TRH administration. The mean TBF was approximately doubled at 30-50 min. There were considerable inter-individual variations in the latent time and maximum response of TBF, especially after human TSH, but we found no correlation between the response and the TSH serum concentration in any group. A prompt, but inter-individually varying, increase in TBF was confirmed. This increase is suggested to be secondary to an increased intrafollicular metabolic activity and not primarily regulating thyroid function.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[14C]Oxalate absorption by normal persons, calcium oxalate stone formers, and patients with surgically disturbed intestinal function.

Intestinal absorption of oxalate can be judged from the urinary excretion of orally administered [14C]oxalate. Fifteen normal subjects, 21 patients with "idiopathic" calcium oxalate stone disease and a high oxalate excretion, four patients operated with ileocecal resection, and seven patients operated with jejunoileal bypass were so investigated. We saw no significant difference in the amount of isotope excreted by normal subjects and idiopathic stone formers; 13.6% (SD 5.9%) and 14.4% (SD 6.5%), respectively, of the administered dose was accounted for in the urine. The patients with resection or bypass showed a quite different pattern of isotope excretion, and 18.3% (SD 7.0%) and 36.8% (SD 14.0%), respectively, of the isotope was accounted for in the urine.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1981

Complications to subtotal parathyroidectomy.

Seventy-three patients were operated on for confirmed hyperparathyroidism. Identification of all glands was done by 1/3 biopsies for histopathologic examination on frozen section during the operation. In cases of adenoma only, the adenoma was removed except for the biopsies. In cases of hyperplasia, subtotal resection was made, leaving between a half-gland and a whole gland. The frequency of complications was analysed. Temporary hypocalcemia occurred in a similar frequency in both adenoma and hyperplasia groups. Permanent hypocalcemia was present in only one patient. At follow-up 3-5 years after operation, 98.6% of the patients were normocalcemic. Ionized and total serum calcium were normalized 3 months after operation and remained so for the rest of the follow-up period. Serum phosphate, serum magnesium and serum parathormone also remained normal. Thus identification of parathyroid glands with biopsies or subtotal parathyroidectomy in cases with hyperplasia did not increase the risk of postoperative complications.

Adult↗