Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Lindholm

Publications and source records attributed to B Lindholm.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Muscle water and electrolytes in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Muscle water and electrolytes were determined in percutaneous muscle biopsy material from m. quadriceps femoris in 33 uremic patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for 1-38 months, and in 34 normal subjects. The patients showed increased muscle contents of water, sodium, and chloride relative to fat-free solids (FFS); both intra- and extracellular water contents were increased. The total water content was inversely correlated with the duration of CAPD. The muscle potassium content was increased, both relative to FFS and to magnesium, whereas the intracellular potassium concentration was normal. Despite hypermagnesemia, the muscle content of magnesium was normal and the intracellular concentration was even slightly decreased due to the increase in intracellular water. We conclude that muscle water and electrolyte status is abnormal in CAPD patients, but the alterations appear to be less marked than in uremic patients undergoing other forms of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Uremic polyneuropathy: different effects of hemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Registrations of clinical signs of neuropathy, quantified according to a fixed protocol, and determinations of vibratory perception thresholds and nerve conduction velocities (NCV) were performed in 22 patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) and in 21 patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Measurements were made at the start of dialysis and during a follow-up period of about 30 months. Motor NCV decreased in both groups; vibratory thresholds increased markedly in the CAPD patients, but not in the HD patients; and the clinical signs worsened in the HD patients, but not in the CAPD patients. The difference in outcome of the clinical signs during HD and CAPD was not of such a magnitude that one of these dialysis forms should be preferred before the other as regards neuropathy. We conclude that peripheral neuropathy may deteriorate during both HD and CAPD, but in significantly different ways, indicating that several pathogenetic mechanisms are probably involved in uremic neuropathy.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1985

Vibratory perception threshold compared with nerve conduction velocity in the evaluation of uremic neuropathy.

Clinical signs of neuropathy, vibratory perception thresholds, nerve conduction velocities, and distal motor latencies were compared in 81 patients with chronic renal failure. During treatment with low protein diets (LPD), the vibratory thresholds correlated better with the clinical grading of the neuropathy than did the conduction velocities or the distal motor latencies, while during hemodialysis (HD), the situation was the reverse. The vibratory threshold on the foot was the single most useful test, since it correlated with the clinical grading of the neuropathy both during LPD and HD, and both between and within patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Accuracy of radiologic assessment of tibial shaft fracture union in humans.

In a series of 208 tibial shaft fractures, 166 were treated nonoperatively, and of these, 157 had an uncomplicated course of healing. The process of union was followed by repeated noninvasive measurements of fracture stability. Full unprotected weight-bearing was permitted when stability measurements indicated solid union. A group of 127 fractures was evaluated by seven senior radiologists for assessment of the stage of union on anteroposterior and lateral radiographs exposed at the time of measurements of stability. The time for assessment ranged from four to 46 weeks. The radiologic assessment was difficult to correlate to the stability of union; in 55% of unstable fractures, the films pointed to satisfactory union. Of the 93 fractures that were mechanically stable, the films suggested that no union had been achieved in 44%. The probability of a correct radiographic evaluation of stage of union was approximately 0.5. The period required to achieve solid union after tibial shaft fracture is relatively long and unpredictable. Definitions of stage and progress of union are controversial. Conventional roentgenographic examinations as a means of assessing the stage of union are generally inconclusive.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The stability of union in tibial shaft fractures: its measurement by a non-invasive method.

The stability of the union in tibial shaft fractures was followed by repeated non-invasive radiographic measurement of a deflection induced in the area of the fracture. By means of a Shift Comparator the difference in the angle between the two fragments before and during application of the deflecting force can be measured. The relative measure of the strength of the union is furnished by a quantity, the deflection ratio, which is based on the quotient of the induced deflection by the magnitude of the applied bending moment. When this ratio falls below a certain value the union is considered to be stable enough for full weight bearing during walking. A plot of the deflection ratio against time, with logarithmic scales on both axes had a negative slope and was more or less linear. This graph can serve as an aid in detecting the course of union, in deciding when the cast should be removed, and in detecting any irregularity in the process of union. In the management of 207 fractures of the tibial shaft 508 such deflection measurements were performed.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

Stability of union after tibial shaft fracture. Analysis by a non-invasive technique.

The stability of union following the conservative treatment of tibial shaft fractures has been examined in 157 patients by a non-invasive method. With this technique it is possible to ascertain when the fragments are united and whether the strength of union is sufficient for full weight-bearing without protection. The mean time required for union was 14.0 +/- 9.2 weeks, with a range of 4 to 48 weeks. In 31 cases union was judged to be delayed; in 22 of these, intended operations were avoided because repeated stability determinations indicated progressive union. Of nine fracture variables examined, the only ones which significantly affected the time required to achieve union were the age and the weight of the patient. Irrelevant factors were the type and level of the fracture, the energy of trauma, soft-tissue injury and the presence of multiple injuries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of radiographic images. A new method for analysis of very small movements.

A new method, shift comparisoN, for comparing 2 radiographic images is described. The method may be used for many purposes, but is particularly suitable for detecting small provoked motions between skeletal parts. Defective union in fractures or osteotomies is easily diagnosed by such a comparison. Films are exposed before and during the application of force to one of the fragments. By examining the films in the Shift Comparator small movements caused by the force may be detected. The technique has also been used for measuring the development of stability of union of tibial fractures by determining th deflection of the fracture caused by a bending moment.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1980

Cadaveric renal transplantation in patients of 60 years and above.

Between 1971 and 1977, 34 patients aged 60 years and above were treated with cadaveric renal transplantation in Stockholm. The survival figures were nearly the same as for patients of the same age group that had undergone long-term dialysis, with 2-year survival rates of 49 and 45%, respectively. Comparison with a younger group of transplant patients, ages 16 to 49, showed poorer patient and graft survival figures for the older patients, with 49 and 38%, respectively, after 2 years against 70 and 56% for the younger group. Complications were more frequent among the older patients, especially in regard to serious infections, heart conditions, and steroid diabetes. Irreversible rejection, on the other hand, was less common in the older group. On the basis of these findings, we intend continuing to offer renal transplantation to patients of 60 years and above. It would, moreover, seem worthwhile to try to reduce the dose of prednisolone in these patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Metabolic effects of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Prospective studies concerning protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism were performed in 19 CAPD patients. After 2-4 months on CAPD the mean nitrogen balance was positive (3.14 +/- 1.98 g N/day) and was correlated with protein and energy intake as well as with the increase in body weight. Plasma free amino acid concentrations were normal, but the tyrosine/phenylalanine ratio was decreased compared with healthy subjects. In spite of the excessive glucose load, there was no further deterioration in glucose tolerance. Serum concentrations of TG and CHOL were increased due to a rise of VLDL-TG and VLDL-CHOL.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Knee instability and tibial osteotomy. A clinical study.

Twenty-one gonarthrosis patients were preoperatively assessed according to a newly developed orthoradiographic technique ("three-point measurement") and followed up for 2-3 years postoperatively using this technique. The medio-lateral instability of the knee joints was not influenced by the operation. The varus/valgus deviation was under-corrected, on average, but the deviation did not increase significantly with time after the operation. Judging from this pilot study the three-point measurement technique supplies relevant information and it is now being used in a prospective study on high tibial osteotomy in gonarthrosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Knee instability. An orthoradiographic study.

An orthoradiographic method for preoperative assessment of mediolateral instability and varus/valgus deviation in gonarthorsis is presented. A special definition of the varus/valgus deviation is given. The examination technique has been tested on 15 young, healthy subjects with no clinical signs or symptoms in their knee joints. To test the accuracy of the method, seven of the subjects were re-examined at a later date.

Humans↗