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Biomedical subjects

B Lindgren

Publications and source records attributed to B Lindgren.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Human insulin-like growth-factor-binding protein. Low-molecular-mass form: protein sequence and cDNA cloning.

Two different insulin-like growth-factor (IGF)-binding proteins have been found in human blood, one of high molecular mass and dependent on growth hormone for synthesis, the other of low molecular mass and independent of growth hormone. The small IGF-binding protein is abundant in human amniotic fluid. Its amino acid sequence has now been determined by direct analysis of the protein and its proteolytic fragments. Also, by immunoscreening a partial cDNA clone was isolated from a human hepatoma cell line. The mature protein consists of 234 amino acids and is coded for by an mRNA of approximately 1700 nucleotides in length. The primary structure of the protein reveals 18 Cys residues in N-terminal and C-terminal clusters and an Arg-Gly-Asp peptide sequence, common to extracellular proteins binding to receptors of the integrin family. A protein-sequence polymorphism was detected at position Ile/Met-228, indicating possible allelic variation. The 3'-untranslated mRNA sequence has a high A + T content and shows five copies of an ATTTA sequence, which has been shown to be involved in the regulation of the stability of certain mRNAs coding for growth-regulating proteins.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Testicular germ cell loss in children with renal failure.

Delayed puberty, hypergonadotropism, impaired spermatogenesis, decreased libido and infertility have been reported in males with chronic renal failure (CRF). The number of spermatogonia per seminiferous tubule was quantitated in 22 children with renal failure (RF) in this study using anti-neuron-specific enolase to selectively label these cells. Results were compared to those of puberty and age-matched controls and were subjected to statistical analysis. This study showed that: 1) Children and adolescents with RF have a significantly decreased number of spermatogonia per seminiferous tubule, compared to puberty and age-matched controls; 2) Germinal cell counts in infants with RF under 3 months of age compared to control infants do not reach statistical significance but are borderline; 3) Children with RF over 3 months of age have statistically fewer germinal cells than age-matched controls, a difference which appears to increase with age; 4) Not all children with RF have decreased numbers of spermatogonia while some have an absence of these cells; and 5) The number of spermatogonia per tubule is correlated with increasing age but is not correlated with the duration of RF.

Autopsy↗
PubMed1988

How far does prophylaxis against infection in total joint replacement offset its cost?

Selection of a cost effective method of prophylaxis against infection for patients undergoing total joint replacement was shown to depend on the number of arthroplasties performed each year at individual hospitals. When 100 arthroplasties were performed each year the prophylactic use of systemic antibiotics minimised the total costs of the department--that is, the combined costs of prophylaxis and reoperation for deep sepsis. Some departments also used local antibiotic prophylaxis in the form of polymethylmethacrylate cement impregnated with gentamicin or a combination of systemic and local prophylaxis at almost as low a total cost and with comparable effect. Selection of a method of prophylaxis should not be determined solely on the basis of reducing costs. When a value was assigned to the effects of loss of health an economic optimum was established that allowed selection of a more costly method of prophylaxis together with further reductions in the incidence of infection and the need for reoperation.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

The consensus statements on adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer. Fact or artifact.

The decision of the National Cancer Institute, in November of 1985, in favor of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of the premenopausal patient was based on the analysis of randomized clinical trials. The authors have carefully evaluated five papers dealing with the trials and found in each of them some problem in the performance or statistics which makes us question the interpretation of the findings of a statistically significant advantage for adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal patients. In view of this, we suggest that all the studies being considered need to be checked for their validity and if a significant number have similar flaws to those in the five trials noted, then we suggest that it is not possible to come to conclusions reported by the consensus panel.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

Determining risk for chronic otitis media with effusion.

Chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) has been observed in 10 to 20% of children following acute, symptomatic otitis media. To determine factors that place children at increased risk of chronic OME, we conducted a 6-week prospective study of 386 children who had 3 or more recent episodes of otitis media and who had middle ear effusion present for at least 2 weeks. Of these children 23% developed chronic OME (i.e. effusion lasting 8 continuous weeks or more), and 26% developed chronic OME complicated by acute, symptomatic otitis media. Predictors for chronic OME were (1) bilateral OME, (2) duration of effusion for greater than 2 weeks at enrollment and (3) day care attendance. Children with these 3 factors had twice the risk of developing chronic OME as children lacking all 3 factors. These risk factors can be used to target children for early, aggressive OME therapy.

Child↗
PubMed1988

Cost of sick leave for total hip replacement.

Totally, 42/92 nonretired patients between 50 and 59 years of age were on sick leave for more than 6 months before total hip replacement for primary arthrosis. Reductions of these periods of sick leave to 6 months each would have meant a productive gain to society of 41,000-653,000 Swedish kronor per patient. The range in the estimate is due to the degree of causal relationship between preoperative and postoperative sick leave/early retirement.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1986

The effect of definitive irradiation on local control and disease free survival in breast cancer.

The prognostic factors important in determining local regional control or failures can be divided into two groups. The first, the intrinsic factors, relate to the initial inherent condition of the tumor, that is, the tumor labeling index, progesterone receptors, the degree of involvement of the lymph nodes in he area, the size of the tumor, etc. The second, extrinsic factors, relate to type and adequacy of treatment. The presentation demonstrates that the most critical factors in determining failure and patterns of failure are the intrinsic factors, that is, histologic grade tumor labeling index, number of nodes involved, progesterone receptors and size, and that the adequacy of treatment affects failure and patterns of failure in patients treated. This paper shows that adequate radiation reduces local recurrence and, consequently, increases the survival rate; it also demonstrates that inadequate radiation will lead to increased local recurrence and decreased survival. The factors involved in determining the adequacy of irradiation are discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

Cognitive deficits in iron-deficient and iron-deficient anemic children.

Eighteen- to 60-month-old iron-deficient anemic children given iron therapy (n = 25) and a control group matched for mother's educational level showed no significant difference in mean mental development score at baseline. The control group's mean score was increased significantly over baseline score at 3 and 6 months and was significantly higher than the experimental group's mean score at 3 months. Although the experimental group demonstrated hematologic correction over 6 months, mean mental development score showed no significant improvement. Scores for an iron deficient not anemic group given iron (n = 22), despite complete hematologic correction over the six months of observation, and for its control group, did not change significantly. Baseline scores for an iron-deficient not anemic placebo group (n = 23) and for its control group were not significantly different. At 3 months the control group score had increased significantly, whereas that for the experimental group had not. When experimental and control subjects were matched on baseline mental development score, the control subjects experienced increases in scores over time, further confirming an impaired ability to improve scores with repeated testing in the experimental groups. Behavioral rating data (responsiveness to examiner, responsiveness to environment, and emotional tone) revealed significant differences between the iron-deficient anemic group and its control group at 3 and 6 months, with the control group rated more responsive, suggesting that iron deficiency, alone or in association with anemia, may have some lasting effect on behavior and development. Group differences were also found between the mean number of occurrences of multiple stressful events. Failure to show improvement in scores in the iron-deficient anemic group may reflect the fact that those children were less testable than were children in the control group, despite repeated testings, a theory supported by the infant behavior rating data. This may be related to some irreversible behavioral deficit or to an adverse environmental milieu (e.g., stress).

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1985

Subsidizing pharmaceutical prescriptions: the experience of Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.

In 1980, drug consumption per capita was 455 Swedish crowns (SEK) in Sweden, SEK 452 in Denmark, SEK 384 in Finland and SEK 382 in Norway; actual figures for Denmark, Finland and Norway being converted into Swedish crowns using the mean 1980 exchange rates. To what extent can these differences be explained by differences in the drug reimbursement programmes of these four Nordic countries? For instance, is it the greater generosity of the Swedish system--in Sweden, the share of drug reimbursement expenditures to total drug consumption is 57%, as against 33% in Norway, 38% in Finland and 34% in Denmark--that makes drug consumption per capita so much higher in Sweden? If the demand for drugs were elastic and if all other influencing factors, besides the reimbursement system, were the same in all the four Nordic countries, then a definite conclusion would, obviously, be fairly easy to reach. However, a number of factors do differ: for instance, income per capita, physician remuneration schemes (and, hence, maybe, physician behaviour) and consumer charges for inpatient and outpatient care; and other factors such as morbidity and patterns of illness may differ. A complete analysis has to take all these factors into account. Too many factors seem to vary to make the sole use of cross-section data meaningful in this case. Time-series data are available and will be used in future analyses.

Cost Control↗
PubMed1985

Acetylcholinesterase inhibition by sulphur and selenium heterosubstituted isomers of N,N-diethylcarbamyl choline and carbaryl.

Nine sulphur and selenium heterosubstituted isomers of N,N-diethylcarbamylcholine and carbaryl have been prepared and their inhibiting activity towards electric eel acetylcholinesterase (E.C. 3.1.1.7) have been measured. The N,N-diethylcarbamylcholines acted only as reversible inhibitors, i.e. they could not carbamylate the enzyme. The reversible inhibition was of mixed type. Sulphur and selenium substitution had only marginal effects on Ki(0.2-0.3 mM) but reduced the value of K'i. The heterosubstituted carbaryl analogues were, with one exception, found to be irreversible inhibitors, about 100 times less potent than carbaryl.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Changes in hospital costs for an appendectomy: 1955, 1965, and 1975.

A reduction in the number of postoperative bed days for patients who underwent appendectomy led to a study of changes in hospital costs of appendectomies for the years 1955, and 1965, and 1975. No significant changes were found in the total hospital costs. However, the postoperative costs decreased by 36 percent from 1955 to 1975 due to a decrease in the mean duration of hospital stay. During the same period of time, the perioperative costs increased by (table; see text) 90 percent due to increased length of operation time correlated with an increasing proportion of inexperienced operating surgeons. At present, there seem to be few possible ways to increase the cost efficiency of treating appendicitis.

Appendectomy↗