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Biomedical subjects

B Lindblom

Publications and source records attributed to B Lindblom.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic prostaglandin injection in ectopic pregnancy: success rates according to endocrine activity.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical performance of local prostaglandin treatment of ectopic pregnancies (EPs) in relation to their biologic activity as determined by preoperative serum hCG levels. DESIGN: Prospective study over a 2-year period of 108 patients with 127 tubal pregnancies. SETTING: A department of obstetrics and gynecology in a central county hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred eight patients who presented with a clinical diagnosis of EP. INTERVENTIONS: Patients with EP were treated with laparoscopy-guided injection of prostaglandin F2 alpha in the surrounding tubal wall and the corpus luteum-bearing ovary. All members of the staff participated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Success rate, hospitalization cost, and convalescence period. RESULTS: Seven laparotomies (7.5%) were performed postoperatively due to increasing hCG levels or ruptures with circulatory reactions. All except one had an initial (preoperative) hCG value > 1,000 mIU/mL (conversion factor to SI unit, 1.00). The mean hospitalization period was 2.7 days and 90% of the medically treated patients returned home on the first postoperative day. The mean convalescence period was 18 days. CONCLUSION: The procedure is simple and carries an acceptable success rate in cases with hCG levels < 1,000 mIU/mL. The approach demands minimal technical resources and it may reduce health care costs substantially.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1994

A D12S11 (MS43A) allele with an internal HinfI restriction site.

An allele with an internal HinfI restriction site has been found in the D12S11 locus. A three-fragment phenotype was revealed when the HinfI cleaved DNA was hybridised with the probe MS43A. Only two fragments were found when TaqI was used. These results have been confirmed with tests on a new sample drawn on a different occasion. This is the only three-band phenotype found out of 2800 unrelated individuals tested for this variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) marker.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Speech motor control.

The development of new measurement techniques and improved models of the larynx and the vocal tract have significantly advanced our understanding of speech motor control. Recently, several groups have been using electromagnetic transduction techniques to record tongue movements. The laryngeal vibrations have been modeled and studied using techniques from non-linear dynamics. Computational models of supraglottal movements have been proposed and tested. A connectionist model that synthesizes the results obtained from observing the effects of variations in rate, stress, and phonetic context on speech kinematics has recently been proposed.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Effects of isradipine on endothelin-induced constriction of myometrial arteries in normotensive pregnant women.

The results of our previous studies suggested that endothelin-1 (ET-1) might be contributory to the impaired uteroplacental blood flow seen in preeclampsia. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro influence of isradipine on ET-1-induced contraction of myometrial resistance arteries from pregnant women, as these vessels are partly responsible for the regulation of uteroplacental blood flow in preeclampsia. Small myometrial arteries were dissected from myometrium obtained from 20 normotensive term pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean section and mounted in a tissue chamber. Tension was recorded isometrically. When ET-1 (10(-8) mol/L)-contracted vessels were exposed to increasing concentrations (10(-6), 10(-5), and 10(-4) mol/L) of isradipine, the myometrial arteries demonstrated essentially no relaxation. A significant mean relaxation of 31% was seen only with the highest isradipine concentration of 10(-3) mol/L. Pretreatment with isradipine attenuated ET-1-induced contraction by 26% at 3 x 10(-4) mol/L and by up to 80% at 10(-3) mol/L. Preincubation with lower concentrations of isradipine did not significantly reduce subsequent ET-1 contraction. The present study has thus shown that isradipine at high concentrations counteracts ET-1-induced constriction of myometrial arteries in term pregnant women. Pretreatment with isradipine at high concentrations attenuates the ET-1 contraction.

Arteries↗
PubMed1994

Prediction of persistent trophoblastic activity after local prostaglandin F2 alpha injection for ectopic pregnancy.

A total of 60 patients underwent injection of prostaglandin (PG)F2 alpha into the affected tube and corpus luteum. Two serum samples, with a mean interval of 2.1 days, were taken pre-operatively and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and progesterone were determined by fluoroimmunoassay retrospectively. Cases requiring a second intervention (n = 8) were compared with uncomplicated cases (n = 52). The receiver-operator characteristic curve was used to determine optimal discriminatory levels of each diagnostic test. Among the complicated cases, 75% had progesterone values > 20 nmol/l and 100% had a daily HCG increase > 50 IU/l. The corresponding figures for the uncomplicated cases were 17% and 23% respectively. A 'high-risk' group representing 12% of the patient material was identified, and was biochemically profiled by serum progesterone values > 20 nmol/l, together with daily HCG changes > +50 IU/l/day. These patients had an 86% risk for a second intervention. Conversely, 88% of patients had only a 4% risk for such an intervention. We conclude that the combined use of two sequential serum HCG samples and one serum progesterone sample, the last of each taken not more than 24 h pre-operatively, can predict the risk for a complicated course following local injection of 15-methyl-PGF2 alpha for small tubal pregnancies.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1994

Importance of Lp(a) lipoprotein and HLA genotypes in atherosclerosis and diabetes.

Lp(a) lipoprotein [Lp(a)] was found in previous studies to be independently associated with early atherosclerosis and its sequelae. Lp(a) in vitro bound to glucosaminoglycans and was easily aggregated at physiological Ca2+ concentration, and small Lp(a) aggregates were phagocytosed by macrophages. Lp(a) was also found to be related to carbohydrate metabolism, and increased Lp(a) levels have been described in diabetic patients with clinical complications and were recently found in rheumatoid arthritis patients. In this study of nondiabetic male patients with documented CAD before 50 years of age and controls, a significant correlation was found between Lp(a) and IGF-1 levels. HLA class II DR13 (DR6) was more frequent and DR15 (DR2) was less frequent in patients than in controls. The calculated relative risk for CAD was 4.0 for DR17 (DR3), but the difference was not significant. These differences seem to be related to high Lp(a) levels. It is suggested that phagocytosis of preferably Lp(a) aggregates can induce an immunological tissue response that may contribute in the pathogenesis of Lp(a)-associated diseases and may be more prominent in combination with some inherited HLA class II haplotypes. Probably due to sex hormone effects, the association may be most pronounced in young males and in older females.

Arteriosclerosis↗
PubMed1994

Prediction of persistent ectopic pregnancy after laparoscopic salpingostomy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether preoperative measurements of progesterone and hCG in serum can predict the risk of needing a second therapeutic intervention after laparoscopic salpingostomy. METHODS: In 158 patients with unruptured tubal pregnancies smaller than 4 cm, serum progesterone and hCG levels were measured in two venous blood samples taken preoperatively. Fourteen complicated cases, in which a second therapeutic intervention was necessary, were compared with 144 uncomplicated cases. RESULTS: Eleven of the 14 complicated cases (79%) had preoperative progesterone values exceeding 35 nmol/L, whereas this was true for only 15 (10%) of the uncomplicated cases. Among the complicated cases, 12 (86%) had preoperative daily hCG changes above 100 IU/L, compared to 44 (31%) of the uncomplicated cases. Cases with a progesterone level above 35 nmol/L and a daily hCG change exceeding 100 IU/L had a 61% risk for a second therapeutic intervention, whereas with a progesterone value below 35 nmol/L and/or a daily hCG change of less than 100 IU/L, the risk was only 2%. CONCLUSION: The risk for a second therapeutic intervention after laparoscopic salpingostomy for ectopic pregnancy can be predicted by the combined use of two sequential serum hCG samples and one serum progesterone sample, the last of each taken within 24 hours preoperatively.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1993

[Fertility after conservative surgical treatment of ectopic pregnancy, evaluated by a randomized trial].

In order to evaluate the fertility outcome after laparoscopic surgery for ectopic pregnancy, randomised trial of laparoscopy versus laparotomy was performed between May 1987 and June 1989. The study was conducted in a clinical university centre, Sahlgrens Hospital. A group a 105 patients with tubal pregnancy were stratified with regard to risk determinants and age randomized to laparoscopy or laparotomy. Eighty-seven patients who desired pregnancy were evaluated for subsequent fertility outcome. Linear salpingotomy was performed in both groups. The fertility outcome after laparoscopic salpingotomy was compared with that following laparotomy. There was no difference between the groups in the overall fertility outcome. A substantially higher proportion of patients in the laparotomy group were subjected to adhesiolysis performed at a second-look laparoscopic surgery. Adhesiolysis at a second-look laparoscopy, especially after laparotomy, might be beneficial in selected cases and may serve to improve subsequent fertility.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Seasonal variation and sex differences of circulating macrophages, immunoglobulins and lymphocytes in healthy school children.

Subpopulations of T and B lymphocytes and levels of serum immunoglobulins G, A, M, E and subclasses G1, G2 and G3 were studied in 45 healthy school children aged 8-16 years during four seasons of the year. There were significant increases in CD4+ T helper cells, total T lymphocytes and CD4+/CD8+ (helper/cytotoxic) T-cell ratio during the spring season. While the levels of CD8+ T cells and total B lymphocytes remained statistically unchanged during all four seasons, the levels of natural (HNK-1) killer cells and macrophages increased significantly during the autumn and summer seasons respectively. The levels of immunoglobulins G, A, M and E remained statistically unchanged during all four seasons. Girls had higher levels of CD4+ T cells and a higher CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio than boys. Girls also had slightly higher levels of immunoglobulin G and M. These observations suggest that seasonal variations of some immunological parameters occur in healthy children. This may be an adaptive response to variable climatic and other environmental factors. These natural variations due to seasonal changes should be taken into account when immunological tests are used in clinical investigations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Lp(a) lipoprotein and HLA-DR genotype in early coronary artery disease.

The interest in Lp(a) lipoprotein [Lp(a)] has increased dramatically during the last few years due to the documented strong association between high Lp(a) levels and early atherosclerosis and its sequelae and the probable additional thrombogenic effect of inherited high Lp(a) levels. However, some paradoxes still remain to be solved in Lp(a) research. This pilot study was performed to test whether some criteria could be found for an association between Lp(a) levels, HLA genotype, and early coronary heart disease. If so, it could help to explain why some individuals with high Lp(a) levels get atherosclerosis while others with comparable lipid levels do not. It would also indicate that immunological processes could be involved in Lp(a) associated atherosclerosis. In this case-control study the HLA-DR genotypes 13 or 17 were significantly more frequently encountered in 30 male patients with early coronary heart disease than in 30 sex and age matched healthy controls (P = 0.012). These HLA-DR specificities were especially frequent in male patients with high Lp(a) levels. The same HLA-DR genotype pattern was not seen in 30 female patients, although there was a trend towards more frequent 13a genotype.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

HLA DQA-DQB haplotypes in a Swedish population.

Samples from 94 Swedish blood donors were analysed for HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles by the PCR-SSO technique used in the XIth Histocompatibility Workshop. Seven DQA1 and 12 DQB1 alleles were identified and a total of 17 haplotype combinations were found deduced from the most probable allele combinations. Frequencies calculated from these haplotypes were compared to those calculated from the phenotypes according to Mattiuz et al. (1970). There was no significant difference in the frequencies of the 17 haplotype combinations deduced. Eight haplotype combinations had exactly the same frequencies and four had approximately the same frequencies independent of the calculation method used. The DQA1*0301- DQB1*0302, DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201, DQA1*0101-DQB1*0501, and DQA1*0102-DQB1*0602 were the most frequent haplotypes with frequencies over 0.130.

Alleles↗
PubMed1993

Contractile effects of endothelin 1 and endothelin 3 on myometrium and small intramyometrial arteries of pregnant women at term.

This in vitro study was undertaken to investigate the effects of endothelin 1 (ET-1) and endothelin 3 (ET-3) on intramyometrial arteries and myometrial tissue of the uterus from pregnant women at term. Segments of small myometrial arteries (outer diameter 100-500 microns) obtained at cesarean section were isolated and mounted in tissue chambers. The effect of ET-1 and ET-3 on isometric tension was compared with the action of noradrenaline. In similar experiments on myometrial strips, the effect of ET-1 and ET-3 was studied in comparison with oxytocin. ET-1 and ET-3 both produced contractions of arteries and myometrial strips, ET-1 being the most potent. The response of ET-1 was more powerful than the effect of the reference compounds, i.e. noradrenaline with regard to myometrial arteries and oxytocin with regard to the myometrium. It is concluded that endothelins are powerful constrictors of myometrial arteries from pregnant women and possess strong oxytocic effects. In particular, ET-1 could be involved in the regulation of myometrial contractility and/or uteroplacental blood flow.

Adult↗