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Biomedical subjects

B Lindblom

Publications and source records attributed to B Lindblom.

198 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Fatal progressive vaccinia in two immunodeficient infants.

Fatal progressive vaccinia developed in two infants, a girl and a boy, vaccinated at the age of 2 months. Immunodeficiencies comprised both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. In the girl low levels of immunoglobulins and a defect function of lymphocytes was demonstrated. The boy had hypogammaglobulinemia and lack of T-lymphocytes. There was a marked hypoplasia of thymus and lymphoid organs in both infants. Both infants had the haplotype A3, B8 and in the boy a crossing over had taken place within the HLA region. No effect was achieved with antivaccinia immunoglobulin and concomitant antiviral therapy (thiosemicarbazone, adenine arabinoside). Interferon therapy gave no clinical improvement, nor did transfer factor.

Agammaglobulinemia↗
PubMed1979

Prostaglandin-like substances in Propionibacterium acnes. III. Differential contractile effects on smooth muscle layers of the human utero-tubal junction.

The biological activity of a lipid fraction extracted from P. acnes was tested on isolated smooth muscle strips from the human utero-tubal junction. The bioassay experiments support the concept that prostaglandin-like substances (PLS) occur in P. acnes. However, in the bioassay system used, the effect of PLS was different from that of PGF2 alpha and PGI2 but similar, although not identical, to that of arachidonic acid and PGE2.

Epoprostenol↗
PubMed1979

The action of prostacyclin (PGI2) on the contractility of the isolated circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the human oviduct.

Small strips from the circular and longitudinal muscle layers of the ampullary-isthmic portion of the human oviduct were mounted in organ chambers for recording of their spontaneous contractility. Concentrations in the order of 1-300 ng/ml of PGI2 were tested and compared with similar concentrations of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha. It was found that PGI2 contracted the longitudinal muscle layer in the same manner as did PGE2. The spontaneous activity of the circular layer was markedly suppressed by PGE2 but only moderately inhibited by PGI2 even at high concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Adrenergic and novel non-adrenergic neuronal mechanisms in the control of smooth muscle activity in the human oviduct.

The isthmic portion of human Fallopian tubes was excised during surgery and the ampullary-isthmic junction was identified. The external, longitudinal and the inner, circular muscle layers of this structure were then mechanically separated. The contractile activity of thin strips from these layers was studied isometrically in organ bath experiments. Administration of various adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists revealed that the responses of the longitudinal smooth muscle are primarily mediated by alpha-adrenoceptors while there is a marked dominance of beta-adrenoceptor-mediated effects in the circular layer. Transmural nerve stimulation to those caused by exogenous noradrenaline, although nerve-mediated inhibition of circular muscle activity was not abolished entirely by propranolol, atropine or guanethidine, but by tetradotoxine, indicating the existence of a hitherto unknown non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic, inhibitory neurogenic mechanism. The results support the concept of a specific sphincter-like function controlling ovum transport at the human oviductal isthmus, and that this sphincter may be controlled by both adrenergic nerves and nerves liberating an unidentified transmitter substance.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Prostaglandins and the contractile function of the human oviductal ampulla.

Millimeter-wide muscle strips were prepared from the circular and longitudinal musculature of the oviductal ampulla of fertile women. These specimens were mounted in organ baths for isometric recording of contractile activity. The two types of strips exhibited similar rhythmic spontaneous activity which was found to be present in all phases of the menstrual cycle. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) caused an inhibition of contractile activity in both the circular and longitudinal layers, whereas PGF2 alpha induced a marked excitatory response in the specimens. Administration of prostacyclin (PGI2) also elicited an excitatory effect although much less pronounced that that of PGF2 alpha. Pretreatment with ETA, a blocker of endogenous prostaglandin synthesis, abolished the spontaneous contractile activity in a concentration-dependent manner. It is concluded that the ampullary portion of the human oviduct possesses pharmacological properties which differ in certain important respects from those of the isthmus. A shift in the tissue levels of endogenous prostaglandin levels may occur in sequence with ovulation and the pattern of the prostaglandins synthesized seems to be appropriate for the contractile function of the various tubal segments during ovum transport in women.

5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid↗
PubMed1978

New HLA--D specificity included in Dw7.

An HLA--D homozygous typing cell -- MS -- was found to induce typing responses with a phenotype frequency of 7% tested in a panel of 202 random individuals. All but two of these were positive for HLA--Dw7, which implies that the MS cell defines a split of Dw7. The new subgroups, MS, is associated with B12. Three individuals positive for MS but lacking Dw7 were found to be B13 positive. The relationship of the MS specificity to HLA--Dw11 has yet to be defined.

Epitopes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A primer of ophthalmic computer graphics.

Computer graphics offers an unprecedented opportunity to probe new and old ideas in vision testing, without going to the expense of building dedicated equipment. However, the large variety of computer hardware is bewildering and only occasionally can commercial software tools be used. This mini review of the basic principles of computer graphics on personal computers is intended to help the newcomer to the field.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rapid DNA purification for restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.

This paper describes a method for isolation of DNA from blood samples involving a rapid chemical disintegration of proteins with 8 M urea and with a minimum of exposure to phenol. The DNA is further desalted and purified on Sephadex G-25 prepacked disposable columns. DNA isolated in this way was pure enough to be immediately cleaved by restriction enzymes.

Autoradiography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Different ancestor alleles: a reason for the bimodal fragment size distribution in the minisatellite D2S44 (YNH24).

Three conserved repeat order motifs found in the D2S44 (YNH24) minisatellite by minisatellite variant repeat mapping by PCR (MVR-PCR) might be the remnants of three different ancestor alleles. One of the motifs is found in the group of alleles around the 2.8 kbp fragment size and the two others in the group of alleles around the 4.1 kbp fragment size in the bimodal frequency distribution of HinfI fragments characteristic for the D2S44 minisatellite. The conserved repeat-order motifs were found at the 3'-end of the alleles, whilst the 5'-end was highly polymorphic. This is the first time a minisatellite is shown to have repeat-order motifs that are associated with fragment length. These results were obtained by MVR-PCR mapping of 49 alleles with primers specific for the core nucleotide sequence variation ...(G)5TGTT, ...(G)4TTGTT or ...(G)4TGTT.

Alleles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Developmental origins of adult phonology: the interplay between phonetic emergents and the evolutionary adaptations of sound patterns.

In this paper fragments of a theory of emergent phonology are presented. Phonological patterns are seen as products of cultural evolution adapted to universal biological constraints on listening, speaking and learning. It is proposed that children develop adult phonology thanks to the interaction of the emergent patterning of phonetic content and the adaptive organization of sound structure. Emergence - here used in the technical sense of qualitatively new development - is illustrated with examples from the study of perception, motor mechanisms and memory encoding. In this framework, there is no split between 'behavioral phonetics' and 'abstract phonology'. Phonology differs qualitatively from phonetics in that it represents a new, more complex and higher level of organization of speech behavior. Accordingly, the phonology that the child ends up with as an adult is neither abstract nor independent of use. It represents an emergent patterning of phonetic content.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

On the role of perception in shaping phonological assimilation rules.

Assimilation of nasals to the place of articulation of following consonants is a common and natural process among the world's languages. Recent phonological theory attributes this naturalness to the postulated geometry of articulatory features and the notion of spreading (McCarthy, 1988). Others view assimilation as a result of perception (Ohala, 1990), or as perceptually tolerated articulatory simplification (Kohler, 1990). Kohler notes that certain consonant classes (such as nasals and stops) are more likely than other classes (such as fricatives) to undergo place assimilation to a following consonant. To explain this pattern, he proposes that assimilation tends not to occur when the members of a consonant class are relatively distinctive perceptually, such that their articulatory reduction would be particularly salient. This explanation, of course, presupposes that the stops and nasals which undergo place assimilation are less distinctive than fricatives, which tend not to assimilate. We report experimental results that confirm Kohler's perceptual assumption: In the context of a following word initial stop, fricatives were less confusable than nasals or unreleased stops. We conclude, in agreement with Ohala and Kohler, that perceptual factors are likely to shape phonological assimilation rules.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Perioptic cyst distal to optic nerve meningioma: MR demonstration.

Dilation of the subarachnoid space between the distal edge of an optic nerve sheath meningioma and the eyeball has previously been observed during surgery and considered a rare finding. We observed such perioptic cysts in seven patients with optic nerve meningioma and describe the MR features of this finding.

Adolescent↗