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Biomedical subjects

B Lindblad

Publications and source records attributed to B Lindblad.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The effect of serotonin inhibition on initial microvessel hemostasis and platelet aggregation in vivo.

The role of serotonin (5-HT) in initial microvascular hemostasis is not fully understood. This study was made to evaluate the effect on hemostatic plug formation and laser-induced arteriolar microembolism of different substances which counteract the effect of 5-HT. Hemostatic plug formation time and stability was measured in the rabbit mesenteric microcirculation and laser-induced embolism in the rabbit ear chamber. Ketanserine, a selective 5-HT2-receptor blocker shortened arteriolar hemostatic plug formation time. Dihydroergotamine, an unselective blocker (with 5-HT-and alpha-adrenergic receptor affinity) increased venular hemostatic plug formation time and also decreased the hemostatic plug stability. Laser-induced platelet embolism was unaltered after both ketanserine and dihydroergotamine administration. The magnitude of these changes seems to exclude an important effect of 5-HT in initial microvessel hemostasis or on platelet activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

The pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous dihydroergotamine with and without a dextran 70 infusion.

The pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous dihydroergotamine (DHE) with or without dextran 70 infusion was evaluated in a single- and multiple-dose study in 30 patients. Radioimmunoassay was used to measure plasma DHE and the anthrone method to determine the dextran concentration. In the single-dose study no significant interaction between DHE and dextran was noted with respect to their plasma levels. The absorption of s.c. DHE was rapid and the disappearance curve followed a biphasic pattern, t0.5 alpha being 1.4 and 2.0 h, t0.5 beta 22 and 21 h for DHE and DHE/dextran 70, respectively. In the multi-dose study the trough level of DHE initially had a tendency to rise, in accordance with simulated plasma concentration curves. DHE trough levels were about 0.5 ng/ml and were well above the assumed minimum effective value to induce venoconstriction (0.06 ng/ml). Dextran concentrations were significantly higher when DHE was co-administered, possibly, due to changes in plasma volume. It is concluded that DHE 0.5 mg s.c. twice daily will give an adequate plasma concentration and that there was no important interaction between it and infused dextran 70.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Patients with abdominal trauma and fatal outcome: analysis of a 30-year series.

Patients with blunt abdominal trauma and fatal outcome during 30 years in a well-defined rural Swedish area have been analyzed. There were 127 patients. Several facts indicate that more severe trauma has been appearing more often during this period The mortality rate has, however, been stable, but the patients have become older. More patients die from pulmonary complications than from the trauma itself. One very important development is the significant decrease in mortality among children.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1983

Blunt renal trauma. Analysis of 417 patients.

Case records of 417 patients, from a well-defined area, who were hospitalized because of blunt renal trauma during the period 1950-1979 were analyzed. The incidence increased during the final decade, corresponding to a rising incidence of motor traffic accidents and sports injuries. Young patients, between 10 and 29 years of age, were responsible for the increase and half of all patients were in this age group. Associated injuries were frequent. Emergency urography was rare during the earlier part of the investigation period, but the frequency increased strongly thereafter. Treatment was mainly conservative (nonoperative) except in patients with major renal injuries. Nephrectomy was performed in 22 patients. Reconstructive surgery was performed especially in patients with intermediate renal injuries during the final decade. The total mortality was 6.5%. Only 7 patients (1.7%) died from the renal injury. A dramatic reduction in the hospitalization time was noted.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1983

Central haemodynamic effects of dextran 70, dihydroergotamine and their combination. A study in dogs.

In a study in dogs the central haemodynamic effects of dextran 70 and dihydroergotamine, both separated and combined, were evaluated. Dextran 70 gave an increased cardiac output, and peripheral resistance was reduced. The volume of blood flow in the femoral vein increased, pressure recordings being mainly unchanged. Dihydroergotamine caused an increase in the systemic arterial, central venous and pulmonary artery pressure. Cardiac output was unchanged. Total peripheral resistance increased but pulmonary vascular resistance remained unchanged. The combination of dextran 70 and dihydroergotamine gave a rather more pronounced increase in pressure recordings, but the other parameters observed were only moderately affected.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Tissue blood flow and blood flow distribution after administration of dextran 70, dihydroergotamine and their combination. A study in dogs using the radioactive microsphere technique.

The radioactive microsphere technique was used to measure tissue blood flow after administration of dextran 70 and dihydroergotamine, both separate and in combination, in normotensive dogs. Dextran 70 increased cardiac, output and tissue blood flow to most organs. Unchanged blood flow after dextran 70 to CNS, liver (hepatic artery blood flow), adrenals, genitals, uterus and lungs (bronchial artery and arteriovenous shunts) was found. Dihydroergotamine administration did not alter cardiac output. Tissue blood flow to pancreas and thyroid was reduced and CNS-tissue blood flow increased. Heart tissue blood flow was unaffected. When dihydroergotamine was given after dextran 70 had been infused, tissue blood flow returned to baseline values--except for pancreas and thyroid, where tissue blood flow was reduced, and CNS-tissue, where blood flow was increased. When dextran 70 was infused after dihydroergotamine, cardiac output and tissue blood flow remained mainly unchanged.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Diffuse peritonitis treated with tobramycin and clindamycin. Bacteria in relation to preoperative duration of illness.

Twenty consecutive patients, mean age 71 years, with a peroperative diagnosis of diffuse peritonitis were treated with clindamycin and tobramycin. The aim of this open prospective study was to correlate bacterial findings at operation to the duration of illness. The effectiveness of the treatment was also evaluated. The number of aerobic strains from peritoneal cultures outnumbered anaerobes when duration of illness was less than three days, while the opposite was evident when duration was longer. All isolates were fully susceptible to the antibiotic combination except for four anaerobic strains with MIC greater than 1 mg/l for clindamycin. The response to treatment was good in 18 patients, fair in one and poor in one.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Cardiac output measurements with thermodilution and radioactive microspheres. A comparative study in cats.

Thermodilution and radioactive microsphere measurements are both commonly used methods for determination of cardiac output in experimental animals. However, no comparison has been made of these methods for cardiac output determination, which is why this study was made. In cats 65 simultaneous measurements of cardiac output with the two methods were performed. No difference in mean values was found and the coefficient of correlation was 0.955 (P less than 0.001). Only eight out of the 65 measurements differed more than 10%. Thermodilution measurements are suitable for repeated determinations and when immediate data are wanted. On the other hand radioactive microsphere measurements are preferable when data on tissue blood flow and blood flow distribution are desired as well. The high correlation found seems to allow cardiac output measurements with these two methods to be grouped together.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Identification of 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid (succinylacetone), 3,5-dioxooctanedioic acid (succinylacetoacetate) and 4-Oxo-6-hydroxyheptanoic acid in the urine from patients with hereditary tyrosinemia.

In the urine from patients with hereditary tyrosinemia, three characteristic compounds have been found. They have been identified as 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid (succinylacetone), 3,5-dioxooctanedioic acid (succinyl-acetoacetate) and 4-oxo-6-hydroxyheptanoic acid. The identities have been established by mass spectrometry of several derivatives, and by comparison with a synthetic sample of 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid.

Acetoacetates↗
PubMed1982

Abdominal injury from sporting activities.

The frequency of abdominal injury is rising. In an analysis of 1,354 cases of closed abdominal trauma sustained during a 30-year period (1950-1979) in Skaraborg County, Sweden, a distinct increase was found in the numbers associated with sporting activities. The severity of the injuries caused by sports likewise showed an increase. The representation of injured organs was of the same order as in the total series of closed abdominal injuries. An analysis of the 136 cases of sports-associated injury is presented with regard to cause and type of the injuries, diagnosis and prognosis.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1982

Lung complications after elective hip surgery.

A total of 350 patients undergoing elective hip surgery were retrospectively studied as regards pulmonary complications. The study is based on the findings of pre- and postoperative chest X-rays and of pulmonary perfusion scintigrams. Twenty-seven per cent of the patients had pulmonary complications of some kind. Twelve per cent had a change in the postoperative as compared to the preoperative X-ray, though most of the changes were minute. In 15.4 per cent there were scintigraphic signs of pulmonary embolism and of these 30 per cent of the patients had symptoms of pulmonary infectious disease. Two patients died from pulmonary embolism. The study shows a low frequency of serious pulmonary complications after elective hip surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Abdominal trauma in persons older than 60 years.

Abdominal trauma occurring in persons older than 60 years over a 30-year period (1950-79) in a well defined region of Sweden was reviewed. The 177 patients comprised 12.5% of the total with abdominal trauma during that period. Road traffic accidents were the main cause of trauma (48% of cases). The incidence of motor-car accidents rose sharply during the first two decades of the study. Injuries to the liver and bile ducts and multiple intra-abdominal injuries were more common in the elderly than in younger patients, but injury to the abdominal wall was less common. A tendency towards more severe injuries and multiple trauma with extra-abdominal involvement emerged during the study period. The mortality rate was 27.6% in the patients older than 60, but 9.1% in the overall patient series with abdominal trauma. One-third of all the deaths among the older patients were directly due to the abdominal trauma. One consequence of the increasing numbers of old people in the general population is probably that more and more cases of abdominal trauma will be seen in the higher age groups.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1981

Abdominal trauma during thirty years: analysis of a large case series.

Studies have been made in 1407 patients of the causes, the organs involved and the outcome of injury to the abdomen in patients needing admission to hospital in an area of Southern Sweden, between 1950 and the end of 1979. The proportion of female patients and those aged over 60 increased significantly. The seasonal distribution of the injuries showed significant change, with a drop in the initially high frequency sustained during the summer months. Penetrating injuries were rare, but increased in the 1970s. Road traffic accidents as the cause of abdominal injuries rose to a maximum of 56 per cent in the late 1960s. The numbers of injured organs and the frequency of other associated injuries rose gradually until the mid-1970s, after which there was a slight decrease. The spleen, liver and large blood vessels were the organs which were increasingly often injured. The annual incidence of various visceral injuries per 100 000 population was calculated. The number of patients with a delay of at least 24 hours before operation fell significantly and there was a tendency to shorter hospital stay. The mortality curve showed a peak in the late 1960s.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1981

The hospital experience of seat belt legislation in the county of Skaraborg, Sweden.

The effect of legislation for the compulsory wearing of seat belts by car drivers and front seat passengers was prospectively analysed in the county of Skaraborg, Sweden. After legislation fewer vehicle occupants were admitted to the hospitals, depsite a 40 per cent increase in crashes reported to insurance companies in the country. The frequency of seat belt wearing among injured victims was considerably lower than that recorded in regular traffic surveys. Significantly fewer head and neck injuries were suffered by restrained drivers than by unrestrained. Restrained front seat passengers had more thoracic injuries than unrestrained, but the degree of severity was less. The frequency of seat belt wearing by rear seat passengers was low, but they were injured as severely as front seat occupants. It seems important to insist on an increase in seat belt wearing for this category.

Accidents, Traffic↗