[Genital ulceration in infectious mononucleosis].
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
B Leng
Publications and source records attributed to B Leng.
[Intestinal decontamination in the neutropenic patient. Apropos of a prospective randomized study].
Sixty-five patients undergoing remission-induction chemotherapy for acute leukemia in a protected environment unit were randomly assigned to selective antimicrobial modulation of the intestinal flora (SAM) with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or total antibiotic decontamination (TAD) with gentamicin, vancomycin and colimycin. Digestive tract colonization with Streptococcus D was more prevalent in the SAM group (p less than 0.01); colonization with yeasts was more prevalent in the TAD group (p less than 0.001). However, there was no difference between the two groups as regards to clinically and microbiologically documented infections, septicemias and survival. Selective antimicrobial modulation with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole is as effective and cheaper than total antibiotic decontamination with gentamicin, vancomycin and colimycin.
Acute Disease↗
[Diffusion of amikacin in the lungs].
The authors report their findings on amikacin concentrations in serum and in the lungs, its diffusion in the parenchyma of the lungs--evaluated from the ratio tissue/serum concentrations, and they also compare their results with those registered during a study on dibekacin, tobramycin and netilmicin, designed according to the same protocol. Ten patients with bronchial carcinoma who had to undergo chirurgical excision, received 5 IM injections at 12-hourly intervals. The dose administrated at each injection was 7.5 mg/kg. The assay of amikacin was realized by HPLC. Serum concentrations at the presumed peak (17 micrograms/ml) and 12 hours after that were somewhat lower than those reported by other authors. The mean tissue concentrations 2 h 20 min. after the last injection were 14,95 +/- 4,52 micrograms/g in the normal parenchyma, and 16,18 +/- 3,67 micrograms/g in the pathological parenchyma. The ratio concentrations in the tissues and in serum were comparable for both the normal and pathological parenchyma. Compared to dibekacin, tobramycin and netilmicin, this study confirms the large distribution of the aminoglycosides in the lung parenchyma. The behaviour of dibekacin and tobramycin with regard to the pathological parenchyma is rather comparable; netilmicin better penetrates into the normal parenchyma, and the diffusion of amikacin is parallel for both the normal and pathological tissues.
Amikacin↗
[Pseudomonas fluorescens septicemia following transfusion of contaminated blood].
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Aged↗
[Autoimmune hemolytic anemia and Hodgkin's disease].
The authors report 2 cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AHA) and Hodgkin disease. The Hodgkin disease often precedes AHA. Most patients are found to have extensive disease; histologic features are classified as being of high grades of malignancy (mixed cellularity and nodular sclerosis types). Anti I, Rh, IgG auto antibody is commonly observed at 37 degrees C. AHA and Hodgkin disease are equally improved by chemotherapy. The prognosis and significance of this pathological association are unclear.
Adult↗
[The French experience with moxalactam in pneumology].
Twenty-nine patients, aged 19 to 87, were treated for an infection of the lower respiratory tract (pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, bronchitis, pulmonary abscess, pleuritis) due to a pathogen with in vitro sensitivity to the antibiotic (pneumococcus, hemophilus, anaerobic organisms . . .). Patients were given Moxalactam as the only antibacterial treatment. In most instances, excellent results (24 successes, i.e. 84% of cases) were recorded with two daily intramuscular injections of 1 g each. Biologic tolerance was satisfactory. Possible clinical side-effects are rashes and local pain during the injection. We conclude that Moxalactam is very effective in severe lower respiratory tract infections, with a daily dosage of 30 mg/kg.
Adolescent↗
[Current clinical aspects of tuberculous infection].
Case records of 37 patients with tuberculosis were analysed, out of 4 000 patients admitted to our department of internal medicine over a period of four years. The most common localisations are still pulmonary, but these are often atypical. Lymph node involvement is found in immigrants. More exceptional localisations (liver . . .) are reported. Tuberculosis has not yet become obsolete.
Female↗
Pharmacokinetic study of doxycycline polyphosphate+ after simultaneous ingestion of milk.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of doxycycline polyphosphate were studied in healthy volunteers after oral administration of a single 200 mg dose of this antibiotic with a breakfast containing or not 200 ml of whole milk. Ingestion of milk had only mild effect upon absorption parameters of doxycycline; only a moderate increase of the lag-time was significant. Elimination parameters of doxycycline were impaired by milk; a decrease of the terminal half-life from 28 h to 15 h, and apparent decrease of the enterohepatic circulation and an increase in total body clearance from 40 to 62 ml/min. were observed.
Adult↗
[Treatment of urinary tract infections by dibekacin].
In this cooperative trial, 181 patients with various urinary tract infections were treated by dibekacin, a new hemi-synthetic aminoglycoside. Clinical and bacteriological results confirm the efficacy of dibekacin in this indication. Local and systemic tolerance, and thus renal and cochleo-vestibular, were very satisfactory.
Dibekacin↗
[Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ISADH) after head injury (author's transl)].
Two new observations of ISADH following head injury are described. A review of the medical literature is presented. Reports of ISADH after head injury are rare in comparison to the frequent occurrence of hydroelectrolytic disorders in the same situation. Attention is drawn to misleading clinical pictures, suggestive of neurosurgical conditions. Intracranial hematoma is frequently associated with ISADH and should be looked for in patients who fail to respond to therapy.
Aged↗
Pharmacokinetics of doxycycline polyphosphate after oral multiple dosing in humans.
Nine healthy volunteers received oral multiple doses of doxycycline polyphosphate for 6 days. Three different dosage schedules were given and the time concentration data obtained was used to determine the best protocol for producing effective serum antibiotic levels during a complete period of treatment with the aid of a mathematical simulation programme. This protocol consisted of the administration of a 200 mg loading dose on the first day, followed by a 100 mg maintenance dose every twelve hours. Using this dosage schedule a steady state was obtained on the first day of treatment, 3 mg/l was the maximum serum level reached, and the lowest serum concentration was more than 1 mg/l which was assumed to be a therapeutically effective serum concentration.
Administration, Oral↗
[Treatment of septicemia with latamoxef. Multicentric study of 60 cases].
Sixty patients including forty two males and eighteen females, age range: 18-87 years, received antibacterial single drug treatment with latamoxef for septicemia. Forty nine patients had underlying conditions including multiple trauma, neoplasm, cardiovascular, metabolic and respiratory tract diseases. Causative pathogens were isolated in all cases. The predominant isolates were E. coli (thirty), Klebsiella pneumoniae (tent) and Enterobacter (seven). A single organism was isolated in fifty seven cases; in the other three cases two organisms were isolated from blood cultures. Mean daily dosage was 46.6 +/- 6.1 mg . kg-1 (range: 14-113 mg . kg-1). In the majority of cases (fifty two) dosage was 3 g . d-1 or less; in thirty cases it was no higher than 2 g . d-1. Duration of therapy ranged from six to thirty eight days. Serum titer was measured in many cases and latamoxef blood levels were assayed in nine patients. A satisfactory clinical response was achieved in fifty eight cases and fifty eight bacteriological cures were also obtained. There was no statistically significant difference in therapeutic response between the 2 g and 3 g daily dosage groups. Tolerance was very good; untoward effects were few and required drug discontinuation in one case only.
Adolescent↗
[Bone diffusion of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) (author's transl)].
Fourteen patients about to undergo total hip prosthesis were given 640 mg TMP and 3.2 g SMZ during the 48 hours previous to surgical procedure. Ten ml blood, fragments of cortical bone, spongy bone and bone marrow were taken 1 h to 1 h 30 mn after the last drug intake. Dosage were made using HPLC after biological specimens had been treated on a TM C18 Set Pack column for deproteinization and isolation of the active substances. Results show high mean serum levels, 7.73 micrograms/ml for TMP and 143.82 micrograms/ml for SMZ. Whatever the bone specimen be, diffusion of TMP was excellent, with levels between 2.20 and 4.96 microgram/g whereas SMZ levels were between 13.85 and 23.85 microgram/g. For each sample, the TMP/SMZ ratio was the following : in serum it was equal to 0.055, which is in accordance with results already published ; the ratio between the levels of the two active substances was more favourable for cortical bone (ratio = 0.185) than for spongy bone (ratio = 0.286) or bone marrow (ratio = 0.324). The bone level/serum level ratio shows a diffusion which is two to six times greater for TMP than for SMZ in all bone specimens : TMP penetrates marrow better than it does cortical and spongy tissues ; diffusion is practically equivalent in the two latter tissues ; SMZ concentrates very strongly in the marrow and not so well in the cortical and the spongy bones.
Aged↗
[Intramural pseudodiverticulosis of the esophagus].
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Aged↗
Pharmacokinetic study of doxycycline polyphosphate (PPD), hydrochloride (CHD) and base (DB).
Six healthy volunteers received the same oral dose of doxycycline, base (200 mg). Each received two of the three preparations at two-week intervals. Experimental results were interpreted on the basis of one or two-compartment models. The three preparations gave the elimination constants of the same order of magnitude (0.045 h-1 to 0.051 h-1). The plasma half-life t 1/2 beta was 14.143 h for DP, 15.400 h for DHC and 13.588 h for DB. Vd is higher for DB (91.955 L) than for DPP (73.401 L) and DHC (64.827 L). Total plasma clearance is 52.767 ml/min for DPP, 48.728 ml/min for DHC and 60.174 ml/min for DB. Urinary elimination 72 hours after administration is 29.24% for DPP, 35.60% and 28.15% for DB. Fluorimetric analysis of some of the samples confirmed the values obtained, with the exception of a few parameters such as Vd and clearance, which were lower. This may result from the fact that this method of determination is more broadly responsive, and is not limited to the evaluation of the active fraction. Relative bioavailability of the capsule form of DPP is 111.15% of that of DHC.
Doxycycline↗
[Comparative pharmacokinetics of amikacin after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration].
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Adult↗
[Treatment of bacterial endocarditis with oral amoxicillin and intra-muscular gentamicin].
Fourteen patients suffering from bacterial endocarditis due to a streptococcus or staphylococcus were treated using a combination of amoxicillin per os in a dose of 1 gram every 2 or 3 hours and gentamicin in a dose of 60 mg intramuscularly every 6 or 8 hours. Two patients failed to tolerate amoxicillin, which had to be replaced by penicillin G. Two others, after a period of improvement, relapsed and were cured by the substitution of penicillin G given intravenously, in place of amoxicillin. The ten remaining patients were cured after a normal period of time had elapsed. Two of them were even treated at home. Bactericidal powers of serum obtained by the combination were satisfactory at between 1/16 to 1/4096 one hour after the administration of the antibiotics. This therapeutic protocol is thus effective, and has the advantage of improving the patient's comfort. It should nevertheless be reserved for use against sensitive organisms in patients without digestive problems, the bactericidal power of the serum being verified.
Administration, Oral↗