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Biomedical subjects

B Legras

Publications and source records attributed to B Legras.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Incidental diagnosis of homozygous alpha-zero thalassemia in a 21 week old fetus].

A fetus with signs of hydrops fetalis syndrome of unknown etiology, has been studied at 21 weeks. In fetal blood, total absence of HbA and HbF, presence of Hb Bart's, Hb Portland and HbH argued in favor of alpha zero-thalassemia syndrome. Because thalassemia syndromes were transmitted in a mendelian autosomal fashion, we studied the parents. Results suggest that the father was carrier of heterozygous alpha zero-thalassemia syndrome and the mother of hemoglobin H disease (and also heterozygous HbE). Neither of them was aware of being carrier of the disease but this results explain the fetal homozygous alpha zero-thalassemia.

Female↗
PubMed1991

[Bacterio-expert: an integrated system for assisting in the validation of antibiotic sensitivity tests. Retrospective application in 4053 Staphylococcus].

Bacterio-expert is a simple expert system for assisting in the validation of antibiotic sensitivity testing. This system is incorporated in a data acquisition and editing program for bacteriologic test (Bacterio program written in Turbo-Pascal for personal computer users by the same authors). The principles of this system are explained and results with 4,053 antibiotic sensitivity tests on Staphylococcus aureus isolates are reported. Approximately 10% of tests required corrections.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

Cutaneous interstitial fluid protein concentrations in the inflammatory syndrome: pharmacological consequences.

Concentrations of alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, albumin, transferrin, haptoglobin, immunoglobulins G, A, M and apolipoprotein B were measured in serum and suction blister fluid from a group of individuals presenting a biologically proven inflammatory syndrome, and from a control group. Protein values in suction blister fluid did not change from the 2nd to the 3rd h after the beginning of blister formation. The ratio of the concentration of proteins in blister fluid and serum did not differ significantly between the groups. However, a 25% decrease in blister fluid albumin and a 100% increase in blister fluid alpha 1 acid glycoprotein, recorded in the inflammatory group, were worth noting, since they possibly influence the tissular distribution of some protein-binding drugs. Finally, an inverse relationship was established between the blister fluid/serum concentration ratio and the respective molar mass of each protein.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Blood chemistry of human fetuses in the second and third trimesters.

Six biochemical parameters and four enzyme activities were determined from the serum of 76 healthy and 56 pathological human fetuses between the 20th and 38th week of pregnancy. In the normal fetuses studied within that period, creatinine, immunoglobulin M, lactate dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase increased; haemoglobin F and glucose progressively decreased; and alkaline phosphatase was at a peak around the 26th week; cholesterol and triglycerides were always low. The same parameters were also measured in some of the pathological fetuses and compared with their normal counterparts.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Comparative study of sucralfate versus cimetidine in the treatment of acute gastroduodenal ulcer. Randomized trial with 667 patients.

Six-hundred sixty-seven patients with endoscopically proven peptic ulcer were included in a randomized, multicenter trial to assess the comparative efficacy of sucralfate and cimetidine. One hundred eighty-seven patients with gastric ulcer and 480 patients with duodenal ulcer completed the study. Ulcer healing was evaluated endoscopically at six weeks for duodenal ulcer and at eight weeks for gastric ulcer. Patients with unhealed ulcer at this time were assigned to the other therapy for a second period of six or eight weeks of treatment (crossover). In patients with duodenal gastric ulcer, pain relief and healing were not significantly different in the two groups. Eighty-eight percent of duodenal ulcers and 73 percent of gastric ulcers healed with six weeks of sucralfate treatment. Reported side effects and symptoms, pooled together for duodenal and gastric ulcer, were more significant in the sucralfate group (7.5 percent) than in the cimetidine group (3.7 percent). Constipation was the most frequent symptom recorded. In conclusion, sucralfate and cimetidine are both excellent healing agents for short-term treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcer. Both give rapid relief of symptoms without severe side effects.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Toxicity of HPA-23 (ammonium-21-tungsto-9-antimoniate) for normal human myeloid progenitor cells (GM-CFU) in vitro.

HPA-23 is a competitive inhibitor of the RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase) of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It may therefore potentially benefit patients with HIV infection. This study aimed at defining the haematopoietic toxicity of this drug and particularly its effects on the normal human granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells (GM-CFU). Our in vitro studies, in semi-solid agar, have shown an inhibitory effect of increasing concentrations of HPA-23 on colony and cluster formation. This effect is probably dose-dependent. An almost complete inhibition of colony formation was observed at doses of more than 20 micrograms/ml. Regarding cluster formation, a similar although much more progressive inhibitory effect was found. Our experimental data should be extrapolated with caution to clinical situations. However, they must be kept in mind for optimal design of HPA-23 therapy in HIV infected patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Amodiaquine-induced agranulocytosis: report of a case with in vitro studies of granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells.

We report a case of amodiaquine-induced agranulocytosis in a 60-year-old woman. Four months after the agranulocytosis episode we investigated the effect of the drug using in vitro agar culture techniques. Amodiaquine at increasing concentrations (0.005, 0.05 and 0.5 microgram/ml) displayed an inhibitory effect, probably dose-dependent, on the growth of the patient's bone marrow GM-CFU colonies in the absence of autologous serum. In contrast, no effect was found on the colony and cluster growth of bone marrow samples from 13 healthy controls. Though it has been shown in several cases that amodiaquine-induced agranulocytosis occurs via immune-mediated mechanisms, our data are in support of a direct toxic effect of the drug on abnormally sensitive myeloid progenitor cells.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1989

Analysis of blood CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte subsets with monoclonal antibodies. Comparison of the Genetic Systems CD4/CD antigen typing kit with conventional indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and the automated Technicon-H1 Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA).

The Genetic Systems Technique (GS: direct immunofluorescence microscopy with ethidium bromide counterstaining of nuclei) was tested for quantitative analysis of T-lymphocyte subsets in human peripheral blood. The monoclonal antibodies anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 were used for detection of T-helper and T-suppressor cells respectively and the results compared to those obtained by conventional indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and the Technicon Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA) with automated reading. The GS technique provided results correlating well with both indirect immunofluorescence and EIA techniques. Moreover, this method has two advantages: it is less time-consuming than the indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and necessitates less expensive and more commonly available equipment than the automated EIA technique.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

Level of plasma fibronectin in patients with breast cancer.

Plasma fibronectin was determined by laser nephelometric immunoassay in two populations: healthy individuals and patients with metastatic or non-metastatic breast cancer. The results showed that the fibronectin concentration was higher in the patient group than in the healthy controls of similar age, with a significant difference (p less than 0.05). The patients who had metastatic breast cancer tended to show higher levels than those with no detectable metastasis, but such a difference was not statistically significant. Since fibronectin is sensitive to clinical events unrelated to the malignancy status, it does not seem suitable as a tumor marker.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Lymphocyte proliferative responses in haemophiliac patients: relations to clinical and immunological findings.

Blood lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens were studied in 65 patients with haemophilia (haemophilia A: 54 patients, haemophilia B: 11 patients) in parallel with 39 male control subjects. As a group, patients with haemophilia did not demonstrate abnormal proliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), Concanavalin A (ConA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) when compared with healthy controls. When the patients were analysed according to their seropositivity for antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), those who were positive had significantly decreased PHA, ConA and PWM responses. Haemophiliac patients with T4+/T8+ ratios less than 1 had reduced proliferative responses to PHA, ConA and PWM when compared to patients with ratios greater than 1. No significant difference in mitogen responses were found when the patients were analysed according to the presence or absence of palpable lymphadenopathy. Those patients with haemophilia A who had received more than 5 x 10(4) units of factor VIII during the two years preceding the study showed no significant difference in PHA, ConA and PWM responses when compared to patients receiving less.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Use of monoclonal antibodies for the immunoenzymological determination of alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid].

A two site immunoenzymatic assay using monoclonal antibodies for alpha-fetoprotein in amniotic fluid has been evaluated. Results obtained with monoclonal antibodies correlated well with those obtained by electroimmunodiffusion assay. The evaluation of this method has shown rapidity, accuracy and a better sensitivity than electroimmunodiffusion assay. Further more the measurements of both maternal serum and amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein can be associated.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical and biological evaluation of the preventive role of anti-cytomegalovirus specific immunoglobulins in bone marrow grafts. Randomized study of 60 patients].

The effects of i.v. cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulin given for prophylaxis of CMV infections in recipients of allogeneic and autologous marrow transplants were evaluated in a randomized trial: 60 patients were randomly assigned to receive (30 patients) or not to receive (30 patients) CMV immunoglobulin for a period of 90 days after transplantation. As to the allografted patients, the cumulative incidence of asymptomatic and symptomatic CMV infections was significantly reduced in the CMV immunoglobulin-treated group as compared to the control group (56.5% versus 92.9%, P less than 0.05). No other statistically significant effect of CMV immunoglobulin could be found. In particular, the incidence of symptomatic CMV infections (including interstitial pneumonia), the mean delay of post-transplant viraemia and haematopoietic recovery were similar in the control and CMV immunoglobulin-treated groups. We conclude that prophylactic CMV immunoglobulin administration, as designed in our study, is no more than marginally effective and cannot be recommended without additional trials.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

[Computerized instrumentation in bacteriology. Application to the reading of antibiograms performed by the disk method].

Antibiotic sensitivity tests are often carried out by the disk method. We are presenting independent computerized system built around a microcomputer allowing a semi automatic input of the inhibitory diameters, thanks either to a mechanical calliper or, when an enlarger is used, with the help of a setting stick connected to the computer. The software allows the processing results.

Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted↗