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Biomedical subjects

B Larsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Larsson.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Preliminary results on the use of human diploid fibroblasts for inactivated polio virus vaccine production.

Human diploid fibroblast strains WI-38 and MRC 5 can be routinely grown in Eagles medium to densities between 2x10(5) and 1x10(5) cells/cm2. Polio virus type 1 grew to higher titers in WI-38 than MRC 5; types 2 and 3 grew equally well in both strains. After inactivation with 5 mM formaldehyde at 30 degrees C immunogenicity values were obtained which compared favourably with those obtained from monkey kidney preparations.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1980

Effects of refeeding on adipocyte metabolism in the rat.

Glucose metabolism in fat cells from fasted-refed rats and ad-libitum-fed controls were studied in the postabsorptive state. Two types of experiments were performed. First, each rat donated one epididymal fat pad and the metabolic results were expressed in relation to the number and size of fat cells of these tissues. Second, the other epididymal fat pad in the rats in each experimental group was pooled for experiments in duplicate where liberated fat cells were separated in fat-cell size classes, which enabled comparisons of metabolic activities at the same fat-cell size. Glucose incorporation into carbon dioxide and triglyceride glycerol and fatty acids were about equally elevated in absolute terms in the refed rats. In relative terms the increase was much more pronounced in carbon dioxide and fatty acids because these activities were very low in control rats. These results confirm previous results showing elevated metabolism after fasting-refeeding, and also demonstrate that this is an adaptation of fat-cell metabolism rather than a consequence of a higher cellular density of adipose tissue after fasting-refeeding with smaller fat cells. Adaptations of metabolism after fasting-refeeding might be of potential importance for elucidation of the cause of the rapid relapse after weight decrease of obese subjects with diminished fat-cell size.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1979

Low risk of pelvic inflammatory disease in young never-pregnant women using Gravigard.

The present four-center investigation involves 516 never-pregnant women in whom a copper-7-intrauterine device (Cu-7-IUD) was inserted. Out of these patients 173 were teenagers at the time of insertion. A "small-sized" Cu-7-IUD (Cu-7-Nullip) - designed for nulliparous women - was randomely used instead of the commercially available Cu-7-IUD (GravigardR) in 76 - 44 of whom were teenagers - out of the 516 women. The incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) of 9,080 woman-months was reviewed. In the present study the incidence of PID varied from one center to another between 0.9 and 1.4 per cent/year in women wearing Cu-IUDs. When comparing these figures with the estimated incidence (1.2%) in the population of fertile-aged women, it was concluded that the risk for PID was not increased in never-pregnant women using Cu-IUDs, including teenagers as well as women of 20 years of age or more. No difference in the incidence of PID was observed between the GravigardR and the Cu-7 Nullip.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Collaboration in practice. Experiences from a multidisciplinary research project on child abuse and neglect.

This paper describes experiences from a three-year research project concerning questions of child abuse and neglect. The emphasis is placed on an attempt to define the real difficulties that have arisen during the course of this work, e.g. group pressure, breaks in continuity, goal heterogeneity, role conflicts and differences in frames of reference. Collaboration problems must be taken seriously and deserve systematic investigation. Multidisciplinary collaboration in different connections within medical, health and social care is of particular importance at this time when the care resources are limited. At the same time it is of decisive importance that the members of the team clarify their attitudes towards certain fundamental questions.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Accumulation of substances with melanin affinity to the internal ear. Therapeutic or ototoxic mechanism?

The capacity of the melanin in the internal ear to accumulate and retain labelled lidocaine, bupivacaine and chlorpromazine after intravenous and intraperitoneal injection was examined by whole-body autoradiography. Both young pigmented hooded rats and albino rats were studied. In the pigmented rats chlorpromazine showed the greatest accumulation, which was more pronounced in the cochlea than in the vestibular portion. The other two substances were evenly distributed in the internal ear. After a single injection of chlorpromazine and of bupivacaine these substances were still bound to the melanin of the internal ear after 14 days, which was the longest survival time. Lidocaine, on the other hand, had disappeared after only 4 days. In albino animals there was very weak, transient uptake of chlorpromazine and bupivacaine, but not of lidocaine, in the internal ear. In studies in vitro on isolated bovine eye melanin there was considerably greater adsorption of chlorpromazine than of lidocaine and bupivacaine.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Some adverse effects of copper-IUD.

Perforations and extraction problems in some 30 700 women wearing a copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD), either a Cu-7 or Cu-T have been studied. Perforations were very rare. Judging from the literature and the present investigation, in cases of perforation the Cu-7-IUD has a tendency to penetrate the uterine wall and the Cu-T-IUD the cervical wall. Retracted and detached strings were observed somewhat more often in women wearing Cu-7-IUD's. The number of such cases was, however, not large enough to warrant a statistical comparison. The cause of retention, investigative procedures and recommendations in the removal of lodged Cu-IUD's are discussed.

Cervix Uteri↗
PubMed1979

Melanin capacity to accumulate drugs in the internal ear. A study on lidocaine, bupivacaine and chlorpromazine.

The distribution and retention of labelled lidocaine, bupivacaine, and chlorpromazine to melanin in the internal ear after intravenous and intraperitoneal injection were examined by whole-body autoradiography. Both young pigmented hooded rats and albino rats were studied. In the pigmented rats chlorpromazine showed the greatest accumulation, which was more pronounced in the cochlea than in the vestibular portion. The other two substances were evenly distributed in the internal ear. After a single injection of chlorpromazine and of bupivacaine these substances were still bound to the melanin of the internal ear after 14 days, which was the longest survival time. Lidocaine, on the other hand, had disappeared after only 4 days. Strong uptake and retention of the three substances were observed in the eyes of pigmented animals. In albino animals there was very weak, transient uptake in the internal ear of chlorpromazine and bupivacaine, but not of lidocaine. In studies in vitro on isolated bovine eye melanin there was considerably greater adsorption of chlorpromazine than of lidocaine and bupivacaine. An uptake was noted in the human eye in experiments in vitro. Clinical tests revealed no acute or late damage to hearing or sight after large doses of lidocaine. The participation of melanin in different basal labyrinthine functions such as the energy transfer mechanism and the sound protective mechanism is discussed in the light of the results obtained. Further, the theory is put forward that the melanin affinity of certain substances can be of both therapeutic and ototoxic importance.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Role of blood and fibrinogen in development of intraperitoneal adhesions in rats.

One hundred and twenty rats were divided into six groups and laparotomized. In three of the groups the cecum was left intact. In one of these groups the cecum was only lifted up through the abdominal incision and then replaced in the abdominal cavity. In another group the intact cecum was bathed with a certain amount of blood from the animal's tail. In the third group the uninjured cecum was covered with fibrinogen in an amount equivalent to that in the blood used in the other group. In the remaining three groups the cecum was traumatized in a standardized way. In one of these groups the injured cecum was left untreated. In another group the traumatized cecum was bathed in homologous blood and in the third group the injured cecum was treated with fibrinogen as described above. Two weeks later the rats were killed and the number and quality of the intra-abdominal adhesions were studied. The findings in the present investigation indicate that neither blood nor fibrinogen per se induced adhesions to the serosa. On the contrary, a defect in the serosa initiated the formation of adhesions.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Inhibition of vasopressin-release during developing hypernatremia and plasma hyperosmolality: an effect of intracerebroventricular glycerol.

In non-hydrated goats prolonged (3 h, 0.02 ml/min) intracerebroventricular (IVT) infusion of 0.35 M glycerol depressed the plasma vasopressin level during the entire infusion period which resulted in a conspicuous water diuresis outlasting the infusion by about 20 min. Since no compensatory drinking occurred during this sustained water diuresis it gradually induced pronounced dehydration (loss of greater than 1 liter of total body water causing 5% increase in plasma [Na+] and osmolality). The same degree of dehydration was in other experiments induced by water deprivation. It then caused a 5-fold increase in plasma vasopressin level. Corresponding IVT infusions of 0.35 M d-glucose depressed plasma vasopressin level only during the first half of the 3 h infusion period. Consequently, the resulting water diuresis was transient and subsided before the glucose infusion was finished. Plasma renin activity increased during the IVT glycerol infusion and during water deprivation, but was largely unaffected by IVT glucose. Both IVT glycerol and glucose decreased renal sodium excretion. The possibility is discussed that the pronounced ability of IVT glycerol to depress the vasopressin release and thirst is not only due to dilution induced reduction of CSF [Na+], but also to an influence of glycerol on choroidal and/or transependymal Na+-transporting mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Effect on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in women using norethisterone or a combination of ethinyloestradiol and quingestianol.

Oral contraceptives of the combined type and contraceptives containing only progestagen were studied for their effect on blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Several blood parameters were determined in 13 women before and during the 3rd month of use of either 0.3 mg norethisterone alone or 0.05 mg ethinyloestradiol combined with 0.5 mg quingestianol. Blood samples were obtained on days 2--4, 9--11, 16--18 and 23--25 of the menstrual cycle. Except on days 16--18, a significantly increased fibrinolytic activity and a significantly increased variation in plasminogen were observed in women using the combined type of contraceptives, but not in the women using contraceptives containing only norethisterone. The other variables studied were not significantly changed, which might be due to the doses and types of progestagens used in the present series.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of extra-amniotic instillation of rivanol and PGF2alpha either separately or in combination followed by oxytocin for second trimester abortion.

Second trimester abortion was induced in 92 women by extra-amniotic instillation of Rivanol and/or PGF2alpha followed by intravenous oxytocin after 24 hours. All instillations were made via a catheter with a balloon filled with 30 ml and left in place until abortion, but never for more than 24 hours. Induction was started by Rivanol alone (n = 23), PGF2alpha alone (n = 23), Rivanol combined with PGF2alpha (n = 23), or Rivanol combined with half dose PGF2alpha (n = 23) and the patients were allotted to the different groups in a random manner. The Rivanol solution was instilled as a single dose but PGF2alpha was instilled every 2nd hour for 24 hours. The mean induction-abortion time was similar in all 4 groups but a number of patients given PGF2alpha alone or in combination with Rivanol aborted earlier than patients induced by Rivanol alone, during the period before intravenous oxytocin was administered. Gastrointestinal side effects were equally common after Rivanol as after PGF2alpha. With the methods and doses used in the present investigation PGF2alpha alone or combined with Rivanol with subsequent oxytocin had no over-all advantage over Rivanol.

Abortion, Induced↗