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Biomedical subjects

B Lantz

Publications and source records attributed to B Lantz.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Effects of tertatolol in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure.

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is often associated with hypertension, as a cause or a consequence. We studied the changes in blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), renal function (as measured by creatinine clearance), and plasma renin activity (PRA) in 19 hypertensive patients with CRF before, during and after oral administration once a day for at least 30 days of 5 mg tertatolol, a new beta-blocker. All patients were free of any antihypertensive medication for at least 1 month before administration of tertatolol. The dose of tertatolol given in this study was the same as that commonly used in patients with normal renal function. From day 0 to day 30 of tertatolol, measurements in the supine position were as follows: systolic BP (SBP) decreased from 168.4 +/- 4.6 to 145.3 +/- 4.3 mm Hg (p less than 0.01); diastolic BP (DBP) decreased from 106.1 +/- 2.4 to 87.1 +/- 2.0 mm Hg (p less than 0.01); HR decreased from 77.9 +/- 1.6 to 63.2 +/- 1.7 b.p.m. (p less than 0.01); PRA decreased from 1.816 +/- 0.521 to 1.052 +/- 0.323 ng/ml/h (p less than 0.01). Creatinine clearance remained stable: 37.1 +/- 4.1 versus 37.1 +/- 4.7 ml/min/1.73 m2 (not significant). Similar results (for SBP, DBP, HR and PRA) were obtained in the erect position. It is concluded that tertatolol in hypertensive patients with CRF: significantly lowers BP and HR without excessive bradycardia, significantly lowers PRA, the most important decrease being observed for the highest initial PRA, does not alter renal function, and has a good clinical acceptability.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1984

Vitamin B12 deficiency after irradiation for bladder carcinoma.

Vitamin B12 deficiency was found in 10 of 41 patients who underwent radiotherapy before cystectomy with Bricker urinary diversion for carcinoma of the bladder. Of 13 patients given full irradiation because of inoperable bladder cancer 5 had malabsorption of vitamin B12. Serum folic acid was normal in these patients, indicating predominantly ileal irradiation sequelae. Routine evaluation of serum vitamin B12 after radiotherapy is recommended so that appropriate medication can be given, if possible before neurological symptoms appear.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Intestinal damage and malabsorption after treatment for cervical carcinoma.

Sixty-two patients with cervical carcinoma were treated in 1966 to 1968. Thirty-two patients who were alive in 1982 were reevaluated concerning intestinal function. An initial low folate value associated with the disease did not correlate with prognosis. A late low folate value indicated malabsorption and not recurrence of the carcinoma. Malabsorption was found in 5/23 patients (22%) and 3 of these (13%) had vitamin B12 deficiency. Intestinal damage in tumour free patients occurred in 2/62 (3%) patients. It is suggested that late silent complications such as malabsorption should be looked for in the preventive care of these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Prednimustine and vincristine compared with cytosine arabinoside and thioguanine for treatment of elderly patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.

Sixty-seven patients with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) and above the age of 60 years were randomly allocated to treatment with either prednimustine + vincristine or cycles with cytosine arabinoside and thioguanine. Of the 67 patients, 13 (19%) entered a complete remission and four a partial remission. Of 33 patients randomized to prednimustine and vincristine (15 adequately treated), three entered a complete remission and one a partial remission. Four further patients went into complete remission after a switch to other treatment modalities. Of 34 patients randomized to cycles of ARA-C and thioguanine (22 adequately treated), four entered a complete remission and three a partial remission with the correct program. One patient entered a remission with intermittent cytosine arabinoside + thioguanine (wrong program) and one further patient entered a complete remission after a switch to prednimustine and vincristine. Prednimustine + vincristine did not appear to be superior to treatment with cytosine arabinoside thioguanine cycles for elderly patients with ANLL.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Long survival in acute myelogenous leukaemia: an international collaborative study.

A group of 82 adult patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia had survived in continuous first remission for more than three years was studied. These long-surviving patients were being treated at 12 referral centres in Europe and the USA, and they were compared with other patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia from 10 of these centres. There was no clear difference in the amount of induction chemotherapy or the time taken to achieve remission. Immunotherapy was not found to improve chances of long-term survival. The 82 patients were also compared with a group of 115 patients who had no appreciable difference in the number of blood or marrow myeloblasts between these two groups at presentation, but the long survivors had significantly higher initial platelet counts and were slightly younger. The long survivors also tended to have a lower total white cell count at presentation and lower granulocyte counts; there was no obvious explanation for these differences. Eight of the 82 patients relapsed from three to four years after remission and two (of 69 patients) after four to five year. Thereafter relapse was rare, and it seems likely that some of the 40 patients who have survived for five years or more are cured.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of daunorubicin and daunorubicin-DNA complex in the treatment of acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia.

Sixty consecutive patients, 15-60 years old, with ANLL were divided randomly into three groups for induction treatment with one of the following regimens: R1, daunorubicin (DNR) 1.5 mg/kg on day 1 + ARA-C 2 mg/kg body weight on days 1-5; R2, DNR 1.5 mg/kg on days 1 and 2 + ARA-C 2 mg/kg on days 4-8; R3, DNR-DNA complex 1.5 mg/kg on days 1 and 2 + ARA-C 2 mg/kg on days 4-8. Maintenance treatment consisted of monthly courses of DNR 1.5 mg/kg (R1, R2) or DNR-DNA 1.5 mg/kg (R3) combined with ARA-C 1 mg/kg on days 1-5, alternating with thioguanine 2 mg/kg PO on days 1-5 combined with ARA-C 1 mg/kg IV on days 1-5. Fourteen patients of 20 went into complete remission with R1, 13 or 18 with R2, and 15 of 22 with R3. The overall remission frequency was 70% and there was no significant difference between the different groups. The median time in first remission and the median survival time were 300 and 510 days, respectively, with R1; 335 and 495 days with R2; and 295 and 677 days with R3. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups treated according to the different regimens concerning the time in first remission. Survival was slightly better with R3 than with R1. Treatment with the DNR-DNA complex caused less pronounced thrombocytopenia and fewer 'minor' cardiac abnormalities than treatment with free DNR in the same dosage schedule.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Minor hemoglobin components in diabetic and uremic patients.

Hemoglobins A1c and A1a+b were measured by an automated chromatographic method in 11 control subjects, 100 diabetics and 30 subjects with renal failure not induced by diabetes. Hb A1c was higher in diabetics than in controls (8.26 +/- 0.31 versus 5.24 +/- 0.28, p less than 0.01) and strongly correlated with blood glucose values for the preceding 4 months. In poorly controlled diabetics, submitted to an intensive therapeutic program, Hb A1c decreased rapidly. Hb A1c was slightly but significantly elevated in the uremic, non-diabetic patients who were not submitted to periodic hemodialysis: 6.42 +/- 0.32, p less than 0.05. It returned, in hemodialyzed patients, to a level not significantly different from the control value. Hb A1a+b was elevated in diabetic subjects (2.43 +/- 0.04 vs. 1.55 +/- 0.01 in controls, p less than 0.001). It was also higher in the uremic patients (2.71 +/- 0.14, p less than 0.001). No decrease occurred in the hemodialyzed patients (3.27 +/- 0.31). Glycosylated hemoglobin values, as routinely estimated and expressed under the name of "Hb A1", should be interpreted with caution in patients with renal failure. Methods discriminating Hb A1a+b have to be used.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1981

Minor haemoglobin fractions in uraemic and in diabetic patients.

Using a high resolution automated chromatographic method, the levels of the different minor haemoglobins Hb A1a, A1b, and A1c were measured in 20 healthy controls, in 20 patients with chronic renal failure, in 20 uraemic patients on intermittent haemodialysis, and in 20 insulin-dependent diabetic patients. In uraemic non haemodialysed patients, the levels of the three minor fractions were increased significantly. The two fractions Hb A1b and A1c were normalised subsequent to haemodialysis, whereas the level of Hb A1a was higher in the haemodialysed than in the uraemic non haemodialysed group. In both groups of uraemic patients, no correlation was found between the minor Hb fractions and the corresponding serum creatinine, uric acid, urea, phosphorus, bicarbonate and blood glucose levels. In diabetic patients, the three minor fractions were increased. As expected, Hb A1c and glucose concentrations were tightly correlated. No correlation was found between blood glucose levels and Hb A1a, whereas a correlation existed between blood glucose levels and Hb A1b. It is concluded that the increase of minor haemoglobin fractions in renal failure does not only reflect the glucose intolerance. Renal failure itself causes an increase of the three minor fractions. Overall assay of the minor haemoglobin components (Hb A1) may lead to misinterpretation in case of diabetic patients with chronic renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Causes of death in leukemia and lymphoma with modern treatment.

An attempt was made to see if new forms of treatment of fungal and bacterial septicemia, or new cytostatic combinations have changed the causes of death in leukemia and lymphoma. Autopsies were studied of 16 cases with acute leukemia, 2 with chronic granulocytic leukemia and 24 with lymphoma. 10 of the 18 patients with leukemia and 10/14 lymphoma patients died although they had no, or only slight, tumor infiltration in the bone marrow and parenchymatous organs; only 1/18 leukemias had extensive infiltration. There was a statistically significant correlation between the extent of marrow and organ infiltration. Cardiac failure (5/18 patients) was almost as common as the main cause of death as septicemia (7/18) in leukemia. The corresponding figures in lymphoma were 5/24 and 9/24, respectively. The present findings contrast with earlier ones, where more septicemia and tumor infiltration were found at autopsy, and less cardiac failure was observed. 15 of 16 cases with septicemia at autopsy had terminal fever. Bacteriological and histological signs of septicemia at autopsy agreed satisfactorily. There was a surprising absence of agreement between terminal granulocytopenia and septicemia; 13 of 16 patients with septicemia had over 0.1 x 10(9) and 10 over 0.5 x 10(9) granulocytes/liter blood.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMed1979

Cardiomyopathy in leukemia, with reference to rubidomycin cardiotoxicity.

Sixteen patients who had died with leukemia were studied at autopsy between September 1975 and Februrary 1977. Special attention was given to degenerative changes in the heart. Five of the patients died of cardiac failure, all with no or only slight leukemic infiltration in various organs at autopsy. Five patients showed basophilic necroses in the myocardium, and two of these also showed necroses in the bone marrow. The myocardial lipofuscin was significantly (P less than 0.01) higher in the autopsies of leukemic patients (mean age 45 years) than in autopsies performed at the Department of Forensic Medicine in 18 cases of accidental death (mean age 36 years). No dose-response relationship could be found between the amount of myocardial lipofuscin and the total dose of rubidomycin. Eight of twelve patients with malignant lymphoma (mean age 45 years) also had increased amount of myocardial lipofuscin.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Electrolytes and whole body potassium in acute leukemia.

In a consecutive series of 22 patients with acute leukemia, the total body potassium was studied in 18 patients on 39 occasions during relapse and remission. Total body water was also determined. A control group consisting of 88 age-matched healthy volunteers was also studied. The patients had a significantly lower mean potassium concentration, per kg body weight, per kg lean body mass and per kg water, than the controls (p less than 0.001). Individually, 11 out of the 18 patients had at least one value below the lower 95% confidence limit. Hypokalemia was frequent both in the patients with low (7/11) and normal (3/6) potassium per kg lean body mass. Five of 13 investigated patients showed laboratory indications of secondary hyperaldosteronism, which might be partly responsible for the hypokalemia. Increased serum or urine levels of lysozyme were found in 62% of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Management of septicemia and early death in acute leukemia.

The frequency of fever days was measured in 67 patients with acute leukemia in the initial phase until remission was obtained or the patient died. A total of 3411 hospital days were studied. Three antibiotic schedules were examined between 1970 and 1975. There were 50% fever days when penicillin and streptomycin were combined as initial antibiotics, 37% when cephalosporin and gentamycin were used, and 31% when, in addition, semi-isolation was used prophylactically and granulocytes were given in a therapeutic attempt (0.05 greater than p greater than 0.01). The corresponding frequencies of early death were 9/21 (43%), 6/23 (26%) and 5/23 (22%). Early death occurred on an average 14, 23 and 21 days after admission. The frequencies of remission (complete and partial) were 8/21 (38%), 12/23 (52%), and 13/23 (57%). A randomized subgroup (12 patients) with intestinal sterilization was studied separately. It had 28% fever days, which is significantly less (p less than 0.01) than in the 13 patients given the same systemic antibiotics without intestinal sterilization. Fever was significantly lower (0.05 greater than p greater than 0.01) on the day after a series of granulocyte transfusions than before, although only 10(9) granulocytes were given. However, this fever reduction may have been due to concomitant antibiotics.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Autopsy findings in leukaemia.

Out of 38 leukaemic cases only 16 had extensive leukaemic infiltration at death. 15 patients had slight or moderate and 7 no infiltration at all. 12 of the 15, and 5 of the 7 died with septicaemia. The latter patients must have died of complications rather than of the leukaemia itself. Although it has been possible to reduce the incidence of septicaemia during life, terminal septicaemia does not yet seem to be preventable. Septicaemia was revealed at autopsy in 27 of 38 patients; 25 of these also had clinical signs of septicaemia before death. Necrotizing gastrointestinal lesions may cause endogenous infection. In the present material, almost every second patient had fungal septicaemia. Out of 7 patients having oral candidiasis in vivo 5 had systemic candidiasis at autopsy, but only half of the patients with systemic candidiasis had visible oral growth. Modern treatment of leukaemia seems to be able to prevent intracranial haemorrhage in 90% of the cases. On the other hand, vacuolization of muscle and liver tissue was a frequent finding in leukaemia. It is suggested as being caused by fatty degeneration. Vacuolization of myocardial cells was found in 7 out of 13 cases. Among these 7, 4 had had intermittent hypokalaemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Contrast formation in fluoroscopic videodensitometry. III. Relation between roentgen tube potential and exposure rate to produce constant video level.

The exposure rate required to produce a prescribed value of the video level in a vidicon television chain during fluoroscopy was measured for water layers and copper filters of varying thickness. The reduction of the patient exposure rate was found to be so large that, in spite of a reduction of the iodine extinction to 20 to 50 per cent of the value at 40 to 50 kV, examinations of the circulatory system are recommended to be performed at 100 kV with slight copper filtering.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1975

Spectral variation of the conversion factor of an image intensifier.

The conversion factor of the image intensifier Sirecon duplex 25/15 was investigated by means of a videodensitometer for varying values of the tube potential and varying filtering of the radiation. It was found that the conversion factor can be increased by Cu filtering. By analysis of the measurement data, the spectral variation of the conversion factor was determined. The conversion factor has a maximum for 60 keV photons and falls rapidly for photons of energy below 45 keV. By the method described, the spectral response function of an image intensifier can be determined experimentally without the use of a spectrometer.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗