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Biomedical subjects

B Langer

Publications and source records attributed to B Langer.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Surgical research: its importance in the evolution of the specialty of general surgery.

General surgery is a specialty that has gradually been defined by the evolution of surgery in general, the major events being the identification and separation of subspecialties. Advances in knowledge brought about by research have been the major determinants in allowing the development of these subspecialties. Research has played a major role in the redefinition of general surgery, which has now in its own right become both the parent specialty and a subspecialty: the parent specialty because of its continued concern with disease states of a general nature, such as trauma, critical care, nutrition, transplantation, oncology; a subspecialty because of its focus on specific areas of surgery, particularly gastrointestinal surgery. Future developments in general surgery depend on fostering research in both the general and specific areas, and also across the whole spectrum from the most basic to applied clinical research.

Canada↗
PubMed1988

Cyclosporin A metabolites suppress T-cell proliferation by concanavalin A and in a mixed lymphocyte reaction.

To ascertain if cyclosporine metabolites (CMs) have immunosuppressive activity, bile, whole blood and urine taken from patients after cholecystectomy and from a liver transplant recipient on cyclosporin A (CsA) were assayed to determine their effect on T-cell proliferation induced by concanavalin A (Con A) and in a two-way mixed-lymphocyte response. Bile and whole blood from the liver transplant patient completely suppressed Con A proliferation and the mixed lymphocyte response (MLR) at dilutions at which normal bile and whole blood have no suppressive activity, but no such activity was noted from the urine. The CMs were separated into six peaks (fractions) by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Metabolites were identified by internal standards and HPLC/mass spectrophotometric analysis. Cyclosporine metabolite fractions 2 and 3 from bile and blood had immunosuppressive activity similar to parent CsA whereas fractions 5 and 6 demonstrated less but substantial immunosuppressive activity. Fractions 2, 3 and 5 demonstrated an ability to inhibit two-way MLR similar to parent CsA; the other metabolite fractions were able to inhibit the MLR but to a lesser extent. These results demonstrate that a number of CMs have immunosuppressive effects similar to those of the parent compound, and this may account for the lack of correlation between whole blood CsA levels and immunosuppressive activity.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed1988

[Determining the prognosis of spinocellular cancer of the skin and lower lip based on the TNM system and additional parameters].

Using the TNM classification established by the UICC, 427 squamous cell carcinomas of the skin and lower lip were classified as belonging to the T class. Additional histometric, histologic, and clinical tumor parameters were also recorded. Prognostic relevance was checked by comparing the overall data with those for metastatic tumors. The results showed that the overall metastasis rate was low (carcinoma of skin: 3.5%; carcinoma of lower lip: 2.7%; mean follow-up period: 5 years). Moreover, the prognoses based on the tumor diameter classes in the TNM system were not specific. Earlier findings tend to indicate that tumor thickness, depth of infiltration, and grade of malignancy should also be taken into consideration if the prognosis is to be estimated accurately. If the level and tumor thickness are taken into consideration, a large group of tumors (50%) can be separated: these tumors do not metastasize, even though they are at least 2 mm thick, and they do not infiltrate the subcutaneous tissue (no risk group).

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Effects of oral cisapride on interdigestive jejunal motor activity, psychomotor function, and side-effect profile in healthy man.

Intravenous cisapride was shown to induce a phase-2-like pattern of human interdigestive jejunal motor activity containing an increased number of propagated contractions. This study investigated the effects of oral cisapride in 12 fasting healthy males. Jejunal pressures were recorded by a pneumohydraulic system and five catheter orifices positioned 10-30 cm aborad the ligament of Treitz. Single oral doses of 5 and 10 mg cisapride, administered 5 min after an activity front under random double-blind conditions, induced a phase-2-like jejunal motor pattern with a significantly higher number and amplitude of contractions and significantly more aborally propagated waves than placebo (P less than 0.001), while the number of subjects with activity fronts decreased with increasing dose. Five and 10 mg cisapride administered tid for three days affected psychomotor function, subjective feelings, and side-effect frequency, apart from increases in systolic blood pressure and heart rate, no more than placebo. It is concluded that in fasting man, oral cisapride induces a highly propagative phase-2-like jejunal motor pattern causing only minor side effects.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

CT evaluation of TMJ disc replacement with a Proplast-Teflon laminate.

A series of 12 temporomandibular joints treated by discectomy and replacement with Proplast nonporous Teflon laminates were examined retrospectively using direct sagittal and coronal computed tomography. Radiographic findings included severe condylar, glenoid fossa, and eminence remodeling changes; implant migration and fragmentation; and loss of implant adaptation to the temporal bone. The radiographic changes generally occurred in patients who were completely asymptomatic clinically.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Nonparasitic cysts of the liver. The case for conservative surgical management.

The recommended treatment for nonparasitic hepatic cysts (NPHC) has been either resection or drainage into a Roux loop of jejunum. From 1970-1984 a more conservative approach to NPHC was adopted in 22 patients with large symptomatic cysts. Seventeen patients were treated with simple unroofing without complication. By comparison, two of three patients treated by Roux-en-Y drainage developed infected hepatic cysts that required subsequent surgical drainage. Patients treated by external drainage without unroofing or hepatic resection had either cyst recurrence or complications. In conclusion, wide unroofing is the treatment of choice for NPHC even when the cyst fluid is bile stained.

Adult↗