Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to B Lalonde.
Dens in dente is a developmental anomaly, which, in some advanced cases, requires a combination of conventional and surgical endodontic treatment. The purpose of this article is to suggest how to treat a Type 3 (Oehlers classification) dens in dente.
Every year in Canada, approximately one thousand cancer cases are reported in children from birth to age 14. Leukemia accounts for approximately 30 per cent of these cases. Leukemia and its treatment are likely to cause to children more oral complications than all other types of cancer. Both the leukemic condition itself and the therapy cause oral signs and symptoms with significant morbidity. Since life expectancy for a patient with leukemia has been greatly improved, dentists have an increasing role to play before, during and after a treatment against leukemia. A review of the oral manifestations related to leukemia and its treatment is presented.
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The authors describe an innovative method for teaching dental professionals to differentially diagnose and treat HIV-related oral lesions. The method included a half day of didactic presentations and a half day of clinical grand rounds. The clinical grand rounds featured clinical stations where small groups of practitioners observed HIV oral manifestations and interacted with patients. Their observations were discussed with two dentists expert in diagnosing and managing oral complications of HIV. Videotapes of the patients' oral lesions augmented the discussions.
Although benign migratory glossitis, commonly called "geographic tongue," is frequently observed, we still have not been able to determine its etiology. While the condition is usually asymptomatic, the spectacular appearance of the lesion frequently causes the patient considerable worry. Based on a review of the literature, different theories on the lesion's etiology as well as therapeutic modalities will be discussed.
Oral candidiasis is the most frequently observed oral mycosis. It can be manifested as a variety of clinical symptoms, and both local and systemic factors may contribute to its development. A confirmation of this infection depends upon the use of appropriate diagnostic tests, in addition to the presence of clinical signs and symptoms. The choice of antifungal agent depends on the location, severity and chronicity of the lesions, as well as the health status of the patient. Oral candidiasis generally responds well to pharmacological treatment. If the infection is persistent or recurrent, a possible underlying homeostatic disturbance should be investigated.
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Several site-directed mutagenesis regimens were used to generate single- and multiple-base substitutions in the upstream activation site UAS1 of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CYC1 gene. Mutations resulting in large reductions in activity of the site lie in two distinct regions. Six single-base changes in a region A, between -288 and -285, all resulted in a 15-fold reduction in activity. Synthetic sites built up solely of multimers of the -289 to -285 sequence ACCGA behaved as carbon catabolite-sensitive UASs. In addition, substitution mutations in a second region, at nucleotides -266 and -265, virtually eliminated UAS1 activity. These mutations abolished the binding of a heme-dependent protein factor in vitro. Thus, UAS1 contains two essential regions both of which are required for its activity.
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The upstream activation site (UAS) of the yeast CYC1 gene is shown to contain two homologous subsites, UAS1 and UAS2. Each site, when placed upstream of the transcriptional initiation region of the yeast LEU2 gene, activates LEU2 transcription which is regulated by catabolite repression. UAS1 is responsible for most of the transcription under glucose repressed conditions, while UAS1 and UAS2 contribute equally to lactate derepressed transcription. A single point mutation in UAS2 increases its activity in glucose 10- to 20-fold. Several experiments indicate that UAS1 and UAS2 are regulated distinctly at the molecular level. First, UAS1 but not UAS2 is fully depressed in glucose by increasing the levels of intracellular heme. Second, trans-acting regulatory mutations, hap1-1 and hap2-1, selectively abolish the activity of UAS1 or UAS2. HAP1 appears to encode a protein that mediates catabolite repression of UAS1 by responding to intracellular heme levels.
Married individuals tend to enjoy greater health and well-being than nonmarried. However, investigators disagree about whether this is related to the quality of the marriage or to participation in the socially accepted role of marriage. In the present study, we examined the roles of marital quality and marital status as predictors of the family's adjustment processes in the context of maternal chronic illness. We found that the family functioning of single women and unhappily married women was similar and that happily married women enjoyed higher levels of family functioning and family coping. Unhappily married women reported more illness demands, particularly on their time and energy, than did happily married or single women. We suggest it is the quality of the marital interaction, and not the role benefits of marriage, that facilitates family adjustment under conditions of maternal chronic illness.
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