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Biomedical subjects

B L Murphy

Publications and source records attributed to B L Murphy.

61 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Viral depuration of the Northern quahaug.

A study was conducted to evaluate critically the feasibility of using the self-cleansing mechanism as a practical means to obtain virus-free shellfish. Two systems supplied with fresh running seawater, three strains of human enterovirus and the Northern quahaug, were used as working models. Preliminary experiments in the experimental system under arbitrarily selected conditions showed that depuration of poliovirus-polluted quahaugs could be achieved by the method used for the Eastern oyster. The factors affecting viral depuration studied so far included: (i) initial concentration of shellfish pollution; (ii) temperature of seawater; and (iii) salinity of seawater. It was shown that purification of the lightly polluted shellfish was achieved sooner than of the heavily polluted ones. The efficiency of viral depuration was roughly a function of the water temperature within the range tested (5 to 20 C). Reduction of salinity to 50 to 60% of the original level stopped this process completely, but 25% reduction in salinity did not affect significantly the rate of depuration. Preliminary study in the pilot system showed that viral depuration in the large tank appeared to be equally as efficient as that in the small experimental tanks under the particular conditions.

Enterovirus↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mucinous ductal ectasia of the pancreas.

PURPOSE: Pancreatic mucinous ductal ectasia (MDE) is a recently described and poorly understood disorder, with few cases reported in the imaging literature. We undertook this study to describe the spectrum of CT and pancreatographic findings of MDE and to investigate the incidence of associated pancreatic malignancy. METHOD: The medical records, CT scans, and pancreatograms of 12 consecutive patients with pathologically proven MDE were retrospectively reviewed. There were nine men and three women, ranging in age from 37 to 72 years (mean 59 years). RESULTS: Focal lesions involved primarily the uncinate (two patients) and head (eight patients) by CT imaging. The entire gland was involved in two patients. CT findings were variable and included focal pancreatic enlargement, a low attenuation or cystic mass, low attenuation of the entire gland, or marked ductal dilatation. Pancreatographic findings were more consistent, showing ductal dilatation with or without intraluminal filling defects, obstruction, or displacement. In all cases, findings at endoscopy were felt to be characteristic, with ductal dilatation, filling defects, or abundant mucus seen upon cannulation of the pancreatic duct. Carcinoma-in-situ was present in six cases, cellular atypia without malignancy in two, and in three cases the lesions were histologically benign. One case demonstrated invasive adenocarcinoma. No finding or group of findings on CT or pancreatography permitted differentiation between benign and malignant lesions. CONCLUSION: MDE can present with a variety of appearances on CT, none of which is diagnostic. Pancreatography can be diagnostic if dilatation and intraluminal filling defects are seen. Carcinoma-in-situ, invasive adenocarcinoma, or cellular atypia is present in approximately 75%, but cannot be accurately diagnosed prospectively.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT of blunt trauma bowel and mesenteric injury: typical findings and pitfalls in diagnosis.

Detection of bowel and mesenteric injury can be challenging in patients after blunt abdominal trauma. Early diagnosis and treatment are critical to decrease patient morbidity and mortality. Computed tomography (CT) has become the primary modality for the imaging of these patients. Signs of bowel perforation such as free air and contrast material are virtually pathognomonic. Bowel-wall thickening, free fluid, and mesenteric infiltration may be seen with this type of injury and partial thickness injuries. The authors present and discuss the range of CT findings seen with bowel and mesenteric injuries. Examples of observation and interpretation errors are also provided to highlight pitfalls encountered in the evaluation of abdominopelvic CT scans in patients after blunt trauma.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunofluorescent localization of hepatitis B antigens in chimpanzee tissues.

Three chimpanzee chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag) were examined by immunofluorescent techniques to determine the localization of HBs Ag and hepatitis B core antigen (HBc Ag) in their tissues. All specimens were quick-frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70degrees until sectioned. Frozen sections were prepared and stained for examination by fluorescent microscopy. For staining, anti-HBs and anti-HBc labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate were used. HBs Ag was found in the liver of all three animals. In two animals which were necropsied, HBs Ag was detected in other tissues, e.g., lymph nodes, spleen, and kidney. Specificity of these tests was demonstrated by blocking with purified HBs Ag. Examination of various tissues revealed HBc Ag only in the liver. 32 samples of liver, from different sites from one chimpanzee, were examined and all were positive for both HBs Ag and HBc Ag. The finding of HBc Ag only in the liver further supports the assertion that the liver is the sole site of replication of hepatitis B virus in chronic carriers.

Adrenal Glands↗