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Biomedical subjects

B L Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to B L Jensen.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Development of the dentition in cleidocranial dysplasia].

The purpose of the present investigation was to describe the formation, maturation and eruption of the dentition, including supernumerary teeth in a sample of patients with cleidocranial dysplasia. The dentition was evaluated from orthopantomograms, intraoral radiographs, cephalometric films, surgically removed teeth and intraoral photographs in 22 patients (10 men, 12 women), aged 3.5 to 34 years. Formation of primary teeth was normal, whereas all patients but one had supernumerary permanent teeth. Frequency of supernumerary teeth ranged from 22% in the maxillary incisor region to 5% in the molar regions. Anterior to the molar region supernumerary teeth were formed lingually and occlusally to the normal teeth. Maturation of the primary dentition was normal, while permanent teeth were delayed from 1 to 4 years. Supernumerary teeth were delayed about 4 years in relation to normal permanent teeth. Eruption of primary teeth was normal, whereas all patients had severe eruption problems of permanent teeth.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cleidocranial Dysplasia↗
PubMed1991

Mechanisms of renin release from juxtaglomerular cells.

In microdissected, nonperfused afferent arterioles changes in intravascular pressure did not affect renin secretion. On the contrary, renin release from isolated afferent arterioles perfused in a free-flow system has been reported to be sensitive to simultaneous changes in luminal pressure and flow. Hence local blood flow may be involved in the baroreceptor control of renin release. If flow is sensed, the sensor is likely to be located near the endothelial cell layer, where ion channels have been shown to be influenced by variations in shear stress.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Somatic development in cleidocranial dysplasia.

As part of a more comprehensive investigation of general and craniofacial development in cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD), the present study describes general somatic development and analyzes longitudinal growth of 17 patients (seven males, ten females, aged 5-46 years) with CCD. Eleven were followed longitudinally. Data included family history, anthropometric measurements, and radiographs of the right hand and forearm. Height and radius length were significantly decreased, being most pronounced in females. The longitudinal growth data showed growth retardation and slightly retarded skeletal maturity throughout childhood. Metacarpophalangeal pattern profile analysis demonstrated great variation in bone lengths, presumably resulting from extra epiphyses in the 2nd and 5th metacarpals and from multiple cone-shaped epiphyses. Findings of the present study support the view that CCD is a generalized skeletal dysplasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Development of the dentition in cleidocranial dysplasia.

The purpose of the present investigation was to describe the formation, maturation and eruption of the dentition, including supernumerary teeth in a sample of patients with cleidocranial dysplasia. The dentition was evaluated from orthopantomograms, intraoral radiographs, cephalometric films, surgically removed teeth and intraoral photographs in 19 patients (9 men, 10 women), aged 3.5 to 34 years. Formation of primary teeth was normal, whereas all patients but one had supernumerary permanent teeth. Frequency of supernumerary teeth ranged from 22% in the maxillary incisor region to 5% in the molar regions. Supernumerary teeth were formed lingually and occlusally to the normal teeth. Maturation of the primary dentition was normal, while permanent teeth were delayed from 1 to 4 yr. Supernumerary teeth were delayed about 4 years in relation to normal permanent teeth. Eruption of primary teeth was normal, whereas all patients had severe eruption problems of permanent teeth. It was hypothesized that the dental lamina for both primary and permanent dentition is normal, but does not resolve completely and therefore may form supernumerary teeth. Abnormalities of tooth morphology is related to inadequate space and arrested eruption. Delayed or arrested eruption is probably caused by diminished resorption of bone and of primary teeth and to the presence of multiple supernumerary teeth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Structure and function of masticatory muscles in a case of muscular dystrophy.

Histologic examination of muscle biopsies and functional examination comprising electromyography and force measurements in a 19-yr-old boy with muscular dystrophy showed different wasting patterns of mandibular elevator and depressor muscles. Pronounced histopathologic changes were present in the masseter muscle, whereas pathologic findings in the anterior digastric muscle were limited to increased number of cells in slightly enlarged interfiber connective tissue. The masticatory pattern was distorted, and strength of mandibular elevator muscles was less than one third of the norm, whereas depressor strength corresponded more to reference values. This difference of muscular wasting might be caused by protective enzymes in the digastric muscle and/or functionally induced damage of the masseter. As affection from muscular dystrophy may vary greatly between the masticatory muscles, structural and functional examination should be used routinely to clarify prognosis before initiation of treatment procedures.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Unilateral, isometric bite force in 8-68-year-old women and men related to occlusal factors.

Unilateral bite force was studied in 63 women and 59 men, 8-68 yr of age. The subjects had a minimum of 24 teeth and no symptoms or signs of disorders of the craniomandibular system. Bite force was stronger in men (522 N) than in women (441 N). It increased with age until 25 yr (P less than 0.0001). The level decreased significantly after this age in women, whereas it only tended to decrease in men and not until after 45 yr of age. Body height was positively associated with force. However, the strongest correlation (r: 0.43-0.49, P less than 0.01) with adult bite force was occlusal contact. The normal bite-force values with important determining factors provide reference data for screening of elevator muscle strength in routine examination of craniomandibular function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Prognostic significance of digital blood pressure in leg ulcer patients.

In a consecutive series of patients with ulceration of the lower leg referred to the dermatological in-patient department during a 9-month period, a systolic digital blood pressure level (SDBP) below 60 mmHg was used to identify patients with complicating arterial occlusive disease (AOD) of the legs. AOD was diagnosed in 25 patients and stasis ulcers from venous disease (SDBP greater than or equal to 60 mmHg) in 38 patients of the same ages. Patients with ulceration from other causes were excluded. After 1 year, 48% of the patients with AOD and 5% of those with stasis ulcers had died. In the AOD group, 11 legs were amputated. Our figures show that the SDBP is valuable in identifying high-risk patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clinical course of primary HIV infection: consequences for subsequent course of infection.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of the clinical course of the primary HIV infection on the subsequent course of the infection. DESIGN: Prospective documenting of seroconversion, follow up at six month intervals, and analysis of disease progression by life tables. PATIENTS: 86 Men in whom seroconversion occurred within 12 months. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE: Progression of HIV infection, defined as CD4 lymphocyte count less than 0.5 X 10(9)/l, recurrence of HIV antigenaemia, or progression to Centers for Disease Control group IV. MAIN RESULTS: Median follow up was 670 (range 45-1506) days. An acute illness like glandular fever occurred in 46 (53%) subjects. Three year progression rates to Centers for Disease Control group IV was 78% at three years for those who had longlasting illnesses (duration greater than or equal to 14 days) during seroconversion as compared with 10% for those who were free of symptoms or had mild illness. All six patients who developed AIDS had had longlasting primary illnesses. Three year progression rates to a CD4 lymphocyte count less than 0.5 X 10(9)/l and to recurrence of HIV antigenaemia were significantly higher for those who had longlasting primary illnesses than those who had no symptoms or mild illness (75% v 42% and 55% v 14%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The course of primary infection may determine the subsequent course of the infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Influence of bicarbonate on the sensitivity of renin release to sodium chloride.

Juxtaglomerular cells in vitro are sensitive to changes in osmolality, but it is unknown whether volume-regulatory changes in cellular ion fluxes are important for the renin secretory process. The sensitivity of renin release to increases in osmolality by NaCl was therefore tested on superfused rat glomeruli treated with bicarbonate/chloride exchange inhibitor (DNDS), NaCl/KCl cotransport inhibitor (bumetanide), or Na+/H+ antiport inhibitor (amiloride) in the presence or absence of bicarbonate. In addition, the sensitivity to increases in osmolality by addition of sucrose was tested in the presence or absence of bicarbonate. Renin release from time controls superfused with a bicarbonate-free Ringer was identical to release from glomeruli superfused with a bicarbonate Ringer. DNDS (0.11 or 1.1 mM) had no effect on renin release in a bicarbonate Ringer. 30 mM sucrose inhibited renin release independently of bicarbonate. 15 mM NaCl stimulated renin release when bicarbonate was absent, while it caused an inhibition in the presence of bicarbonate. When bicarbonate/chloride exchange was inhibited, addition of NaCl stimulated renin release even when bicarbonate was present. The effect of NaCl on renin release was not affected by amiloride (1 mM) or bumetanide (10 microM). Thus, volume regulatory mechanisms as known from other cells are not involved in the renin secretory response to small increases in NaCl concentration. Furthermore, the sensitivity of renin release to changes in NaCl concentrations is modulated by bicarbonate in a way that depends on a functioning anion-exchange mechanism. The results are compatible with the existence in the membrane of the secretory granule of a Cl-/HCO3- exchange mechanism which mediates exit of Cl-, and thereby attenuates granular swelling and exocytotic release.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Development of erythromycin-resistance in Staphylococcus aureus as a consequence of high erythromycin consumption.

In a mixed ward for skin and venereology patients the erythromycin consumption was 6-8 fold higher than in other wards at the same hospital. Erythromycin-resistance occurred in 15.5% of the infecting Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from this ward, compared with 3.5% in other wards of the hospital and 2.3% in Denmark as a whole. The resistant strains belonged to different phage-type patterns, but 18 out of 19 strains contained a 1.5 MDa plasmid and had an erythromycin-inducible resistance mechanism. Erythromycin resistance was frequent (approximately 10%) among Danish S. aureus strains in the years 1963 to 1969, mainly due to the spread of multiply-resistant strains of the 83A complex. During the last ten years, however, only 1-2% of the strains have been resistant, but a slow increase in resistance has taken place during the last three years among strains of all phage patterns including strains of group II, the 94, 96 complex and type 95.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1989

Alveolar bone loss and crowding in adult periodontal patients.

The present study aimed to examine whether local crowding and tooth angulation in the mandibular incisor region led to alveolar bone loss in patients with moderate periodontal disease. The sample comprised 27 patients from the Department of Periodontology aged 29-57 yr. Mesiodistal tooth angulation and crowding, defined as an overlap of 2 mm or more, were assessed from dental casts. Alveolar bone loss was assessed from intraoral standardized paralleling radiographs by two methods, the absolute bone level (ABL), recorded from the cementoenamel junction, and the relative bone level (RBL), a new measure, expressing the bone level relative to the two adjacent interradicular crests. Contralateral sites were used as controls. A significant difference in bone level was found between crowded and non-crowded sites by both methods (-1.7 mm, P less than 0.001). This indicates that in periodontal patients local crowding and tooth angulation predisposes to increased bone loss. Analysis of the correlations between tooth angulations and the two measures of bone loss indicated that the RBL value is a more sensitive measure of localized bone loss.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cleft lip and palate in Denmark, 1976-1981: epidemiology, variability, and early somatic development.

The present investigation describes the incidence and variability of the primary cleft condition in all Danish infants born with cleft lip, cleft palate, or both, from 1976 to 1981 and analyzes general somatic growth from birth to age 22 months. Because of excellent sampling conditions in Denmark, the study material is nearly complete. Six hundred and seventy-eight infants with facial clefts were born during the period, corresponding to 1.89 per 1,000 of all newborns. Six hundred and two patients were examined--most of them twice: at 2 months and at 22 months. Material uptake included plaster casts of the upper jaw, cephalometric films in three projections, anthropometric registrations, and information from hospital charts. A detailed grading of the clefts according to severity was carried out. Sex distribution was 61% males and 39% females, of whom 34% had isolated cleft lip, 39% combined cleft lip and palate, and 27% an isolated cleft palate. Left-sided clefts were most frequent. In the combined cleft lip and palate group, 90% exhibited subtotal or total clefts, whereas the clefts were less severe in the isolated cleft lip and isolated cleft palate patients. Birth weight and length showed values close to the average for Danish newborns, but a lag was seen in infants in whom severe palatal cleft was included. The extended method of classification was suggested to select subgroups for special care.

Body Height↗
PubMed1987

Toxicity, ultrastructural effects, and metabolic studies with 1-(o-chlorophenyl)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane(o,p'-DDD) and its methyl analog in the guinea pig and rat.

Effects of 1-(o-chlorophenyl)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethane (o,p'-DDD) (Lysodren; Mitotane) (I) and 1-(o-chlorophenyl)-1-(p-chlorophenyl)-2, 2-dichloropropane (Mitometh) (II) were investigated. Ultrastructural and toxicity studies were conducted with male Hartley outbred guinea pigs given 300 mg/kg/day ip for 14 days. Profound mitochondrial damage in the guinea pig adrenal cortex, an index of Lysodren's action as a cancer chemotherapeutic, reversible necrosis of the zona fasciculata and zona reticularis with swelling, disrupted cristae, and organelles destroyed in the mitochondria from these areas. Yet guinea pigs given Mitometh tolerated the drug better than those given an equivalent amount of Lysodren. In general the animals treated with Mitometh showed less alopecia, diarrhea, and weakness. The only deaths recorded in our study were in the Lysodren group. In addition po administration of these two drugs to male Sprague-Dawley rats and male Hartley guinea pigs for 4 days allowed for a direct comparison of urinary metabolites. Metabolites were identified from urine extracts by computerized mass spectrometry interfaced with capillary gas chromatography. Both compounds were shown to undergo dehydrohalogenation and side-chain cleavage to a limited extent; however, only Lysodren afforded side-chain oxidation metabolites. In fact, the dominant metabolite from Lysodren biotransformation was the corresponding carboxylic acid o,p'-DDA (III). On the other hand, Mitometh resisted side-chain oxidative metabolism and was less toxic than Lysodren. Therefore, when given to guinea pigs and rats, Mitometh had Lysodren-like biologic activity, did not undergo rapid inactivation, and was less toxic than Lysodren. Mitometh represents a potential alternative to Lysodren which should be investigated further for its possible use in the treatment of adrenal cortical carcinoma and Cushing's syndrome.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1985

Craniofacial morphology in Turner syndrome.

The aim of the present investigation was to analyze craniofacial morphology in adults with Turner syndrome and to compare the morphology in patients with 45,X karyotypes to that found in subjects with other X-chromosome aberrations. A comparison between 41 Turner patients and a control group of 51 normal adult women revealed significant differences regarding craniofacial size and morphology. The calvarium, maxilla, and mandible were smaller in Turner syndrome patients and the cranial base was shorter and flattened. The maxilla and the mandible were retrognathic and posteriorly inclined in relation to the cranial base. Sagittal jaw relationship and overjet was greater in Turner syndrome. In the craniocervical area seven syndrome patients presented anomalies. Craniofacial morphology did not differ in 45,X cases and Turner patients with other X-chromosome aberrations. It was concluded that the posterior inclination and retrognathism of the maxilla and the mandible in Turner syndrome could be related to the altered shape of the cranial base.

Adult↗