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Biomedical subjects

B L Hodes

Publications and source records attributed to B L Hodes.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Clostridium perfringens corneal ulcer.

A corneal ulcer caused by Clostridium perfringens developed in a 76-year-old woman with Sjögren's syndrome. Experimental C perfringens keratitis was induced in rabbits by the intrastromal injection of 10(7) organisms. In both our patient and the experimental animals, a bullous lesion overlay the affected area of the cornea. This may be a specific lesion in clostridial infections of the cornea. Clostridium perfringens should be regarded as an opportunistic corneal pathogen, and anaerobic cultures should be performed in all cases of suspected bacterial corneal ulcer.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Fluorescein angiography in pigmented iris tumors.

Three pigmented iris tumors were studied with fluorescein angiography. Two malignant melanomas leaked dye very early in the arterial phase, while blockage of fluorescence was noted in one melanocytoma. The angiographic appearance of these three lesions was consistent with that, which would be anticipated, based on knowledge of similar lesions in the fundus of the eye. We recommend that fluorescein angiography be performed for all pigmented iris tumors as part of the diagnostic evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Central retinal artery occlusion after facial trauma.

A case of traumatic retrobulbar hemorrhage resulting in occlusion of the central retinal artery which was relieved by surgical drainage of the hematoma pocket is presented. Osmotic agents are of little value in such situations, and we suggest that, after trauma causing the clinical picture of a tense retrobulbar hemorrhage and central artery occlusion, the more vigorous approach to the patient is justified.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Thyroid orbitopathy: an update.

Two typical findings in thyroid orbitopathy have traditional explanations which are not wholly acceptable in many cases of the disease. Eyelid retraction is attributed to superstimulation of Mueller's palpebral muscle, while vertical muscle imbalances are attributed to preferential involvement of the vertically acting muscles in the myositic process. Clinical and experimental ultrasonographic evidence recently gathered indicates that endocrine orbitopathy is panmyositis involving all of the muscles of the orbit simultaneously. In light of this improved understanding of the muscular involvement in this disease, we propose alternate explanations for the signs and symptoms of thyroid orbitopathy which are based upon physiologic, anatomic, and pathologic facts.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Thyroid ocular myopathy.

Based upon the ultrasonographic evidence of extraocular muscle abnormalities in all patients with orbitopathy and proven thyroid disease, we conclude that the basic abnormality of thyroid orbitopathy is a panmyositis and that all of the classes described by Werner are expressions of different degrees and manifestations of the same pathologic process. This thesis is supported by presentation of cases of varying severity who have in common extraocular muscle abnormalities. We believe that the process we describe acceptably explains all of the eye signs of this common orbitopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Ultrasonographic demonstration of glaucomatous optic nerve excavation.

Advanced glaucomatous excavation of the optic nervehead can be demonstrated reliably with contact B scan ultrasonography; large physiologic cups do not produce an abnormal optic nervehead pattern. Demonstration of a depression at the surface of the optic nerve insertion must be interpreted as indicative of glaucomatous excavation but should not be used as a contraindication to surgery.

Glaucoma↗
PubMed1978

Glaucoma. Some practical considerations on a common disease.

Chronic simple glaucoma and acute glaucoma are totally different in pathogenesis, symptoms, and treatment. Chronic simple glaucoma is asymptomatic until late in its course, and only by appropriate screening by primary care physicians can the incidence of irreversible visual loss due to this disease be reduced. The symptoms and signs of acute glaucoma are so characteristic that recognition is usually easy and treatment can be begun early enough to prevent permanent angle damage and secondary glaucoma.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Visual disturbances in migraine.

Abnormal visual sensations are the most common and characteristic features of migraine. In some patients, they are the only features. The major visual disturbance associated with migraine is scotoma; less common are distortions in size, shape, and color of viewed objects; photophobia; and diplopia and polyopia. Sudden loss of vision occurs in retinal migraine, and paralysis, usually of the third nerve, in ophthalmoplegic migraine. Paresis also may be found with cluster headache.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Standardized a-scan echographic diagnosis of choroidal malignant melanomas.

Standardized A-scan echography (ultrasonography) is rapidly assuming its appropriate role as a primary diagnostic tool in ophthalmology. Its ability to display "tissue texture" can be used by the experienced examiner to establish a reliable tissue diagnosis in a high percentage of lesions. The most important intraocular neoplasm is the choroidal malignant melanoma, and a diagnostic accuracy in excess of 95% has been reported by Ossoinig et al. This smaller series of proven choroidal malignant melanomas diagnosed preoperatively by standardized A-scan confirms the reliability of this noninvasive technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

A combined approach for the diagnosis of orbital disease. Computed tomography and standardized A-scan echography.

Twenty patients with orbital disease were studied by both computed tomography (CT scan) and standardized A-scan echography (ultrasonography). The CT scan was distinctly abnormal in 15 cases: 11/11 tumors were identified; a large wooden foreign body was identified; and nonspecific abnormal radiodensities were shown in three additional casses. Standardized A-scan echography, however, was capable of demonstrating the abnormality in all 20: in nine orbital tumors, a preoperative histologic diagnosis was attempted and proven accurate in all nine (in two no histologic disgnosis was attempted); and nontumor soft tissue abnormalities were equally readily classified. The overall diagnostic capability, therefore, in our series is 19/20 with a tissue diagnosis achieved on echographic bases in 17/20. (One case is excluded from this analysis as unexplained unilateral papilledema has been the only abnormality found and orbital abnormalities per se have not been proven.) We believe the roles of these two valuable diagnostic modalities to be complementary, not mutually exclusive, and conclude thet this combined radiologic and echographic approach to orbital abnormalities is essential to the proper evaluation of orbital disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Eye disorders: Using ultrasound in ophthalmologiç diagnosis.

Ultrasonography (echography) is a valuable diagnostic modality in ophthalmology. Its use in the detection and differentiation of intraocular and orbital diseases is expanding. B-scan provides cross-sectional display of diseased tissues and is valuable in detecting unsuspected disease. Quantitative A-scan is capable of demonstrating the internal texture of lesions, and this capacity coupled with the physician's familiarity with the histologic appearance of certain intraocular lesions often can lead to an accurate tissue diagnosis or can identify a group of possible diagnoses.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis: echographic diagnosis of phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis.

A sixty-year-old black diabetic female developed a severe postoperative endophthalmitis eight days after unplanned extracapsular cataract surgery. Gram stain of a diagnostic vitreous aspirate showed no organisms, and culture of the aspirate was negative for bacteria and fungi. A- and B-scan ultrasonography showed the presence of intra-vitreal lens fragments; the diagnosis of phacoanaphylactic endophthalmitis was made and intensive steroid therapy was instituted early in the course of the disease. Resorption of the lens fragments in association with gradual diminution of the inflammatory process was documented by serial echograms of the eye. The vitreous ultimately cleared and the patient regained useful vision. Ultrasonography is recommended as an essential part of the diagnostic evaluation of any patient with postoperative endophthalmitis especially with a history of extracapsular surgery.

Anaphylaxis↗