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Biomedical subjects

B L Green

Publications and source records attributed to B L Green.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Posttraumatic stress disorder. Toward DSM-IV.

This report raises conceptual issues about the validity of the posttraumatic stress disorder diagnosis as described in DSM-III. The helpfulness of DSM-III is acknowledged, but gaps in that classification are noted. These are organized into three areas: the etiology of the disorder, its natural history, and diagnostic specificity. Suggestions are made for conceptualizing these issues and for research that needs to be undertaken to help resolve them. The authors urge more theoretical and empirical attention to these important issues in the upcoming years, so that later diagnostic descriptions and understandings will be more precise.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1985

Empathy and outcome in brief focal dynamic therapy.

In an attempt to test the hypothesis that therapist empathy is an important variable in successful dynamic therapy, the authors collected outcome measures and empathy ratings in the brief focal dynamic therapy of 59 patients. There was no significant agreement among patients, therapists, and clinical supervisors when they used the same scale to rate therapist empathy for the same sessions. Only the patients' ratings correlated significantly with some of the outcome measures, and they added modest but statistically significant predictive variance on multiple regression analysis. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for the traditional mode of supervision of dynamic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Learning during group dynamics training: the effects of silent versus traditional training formats.

According to practicing group psychotherapists, the two most valued components of training for group psychotherapy are: (1) the opportunity to conduct a therapy group under supervision, and (2) participation in experiential training (Dies 1974). It is no wonder, then, that a large spectrum of experiential training models has emerged (Lakin, Lieberman, and Whitaker 1969). What is learned from the various models relates to the milieu, the leader, and the group composition (Stone and Green 1978), and in part depends on the particular training format. In contrast to descriptions of training, however, is the relatively limited formal evaluation of the learning which occurs in these programs. This paper will focus on an evaluation of the learning which took place during the group dynamics component of group psychotherapy training. The effect on learning of variations in format in which the leader is either silent or explicates group processes was tested.

Group Processes↗
PubMed1983

Psychotherapy with survivors of the Beverly Hills Supper Club fire.

Thirty psychotherapies with survivors of a devastating supper club fire were studied. Treatments were judged in terms of level of completeness, traumatic symptomatology, therapist experience, and therapist sensitivity to the particular disaster influenced level of completion. Nodal points, such as engagement, dosage of affect, and management of transference are described, and case illustrations provided.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Assessing levels of psychological impairment following disaster: consideration of actual and methodological dimensions.

It is noted that research on the psychological effects of disaster, particularly with regard to rates of impairment, has turned up confusing and sometimes contradictory results. Two sets of dimensions salient to such investigations are noted: those which are aspects of disasters per se and affect actual rates of impairment ("true scores") and those which could be expected to affect estimates of impairment rates ("error variance") following disaster. Dimensions of disasters per se suggested by others are reviewed, and an additional dimension is proposed. Four methodological dimensions affecting reported impairment rates are described (sampling of subjects, level of data, case identification, and time of follow-up). Studies of long term psychological effects of disaster where some estimate of impairment was given are reviewed in order to demonstrate the noncomparability of findings from study to study due to methodological differences.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1980

The internship: some disquieting findings.

A natural experiment in psychiatric education took place nationally between 1970 and 1976, when one group of residents entered psychiatry with an internship, and the other without one. In this study 22 psychiatry residents with an internship and 25 without one were compared during their first two years of training. Initial faculty evaluations of the two groups' responsibility, insight, teachability, and knowledge were virtually identical, as were those of their overall performance in inpatient, consultation, and emergency psychiatry. However, ratings of outpatient psychotherapy showed several significant and differences favoring the noninternship group. The authors find these results disquieting. They suggest that interferences with empathy may be an untoward side effect of the internship.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Two-temperature membrane filter method for enumerating fecal coliform bacteria from chlorinated effluents.

Reports indicate that the standard membrane filter (MF) technique for recovery of fecal coliform bacteria from chlorinated sewage effluents is less effective than the multiple-tube (or most-probable-number [MPN]) procedure. A modified MF method was developed that requires a preincubation period of 5 h at 35 degrees C followed by 18+/-1 h at 44.5 degrees C. This procedure was evaluated by using both laboratory- and plant-chlorinated primary and secondary effluents. Results obtained by the modified MF method compared favorably with those of the MPN technique for the enumeration of fecal coliforms from chlorinated effluent. Agreement between these two methods was greatest with samples from secondary treatment plants. The average recovery of fecal coliforms by the standard MF procedure was only 14% that of the MPN method, whereas with the modified technique recovery was increased to 68% of the MPN counts. Enhanced recovery resulting from a simple modification in the incubation schedule makes the MF method a valuable adjunct for enumerating fecal coliforms from chlorinated effluents.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1977

Calcium hydroxide and potassium nitrate as desensitizing agents for hypersensitive root surfaces.

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate calcium hydroxide and potassium nitrate individually as densensitizing agents for hypersensitive root surfaces. The apparatus used in the experiment to measure hypersensitivity was (a) a thermo-electric stimulating device to measure hot and cold stimulation quantitatively and (b) a mechanical stimulating device to measure scratch stimulation quantitatively. The conclusions drawn from the study were: 1. Calcium hydroxide was more consistently effective in decreasing sensitivity then was potassium nitrate or the control. 2. Calcium hydroxide as compared to the control was statistically (99% level of significance) more effective in reducing sensitivity to mechanical, hot and cold stimulation immediately and at the conclusion of the experiment (3 months). 3. It appears that calcium hydroxide could be used as a desensitizing agent initially following periodontal surgery to reduce pain from hypersensitive roots in order that proper oral hygiene could be reestablished.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Impact of psychosocial factors on the conduct of combined drug and psychotherapy research.

The effect of attitudes of therapists, patients and researchers on the conduct and outcome of combined drug and psychotherapy research was examined in a brief crisis-oriented psychotherapy clinic. Seventy-seven consecutive patients were given one of two anti-anxiety drugs or a placebo in conjunction with the typical psychoanalytically-oriented treatment used in the clinic. The therapists' attitudes favouring psychotherapy over drug therapy (and psychotherapy research) were clearly conveyed to the patients. Indicative of this are the following: (a) 82 per cent of the patients dropped out of drug taking, although a similar percentage remained in treatment; (b) only a third of the patients perceived it as being important to their therapists that they should take medication; (c) 87 per cent of the patients were rated as improved; and 75 per cent of patients completing forms considered that most or all of their improvement was attributable to talking. The research team, made up of members of the same department who therefore had similar values as the therapists, diligently collected outcome data, but ignored its responsibility to enforce drug-relation portions of the protocol. Overall, patients remained in therapy, improved and participated in completing forms, so that only the research goals of combined therapy were thwarted, while traditional clinic service and training goals proceeded as usual.

Adolescent↗