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Biomedical subjects

B Kumar

Publications and source records attributed to B Kumar.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Plasma cell balanitis: clinical and histopathological features--response to circumcision.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinicopathological features and response to circumcision in patients with plasma cell balanitis. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: 32 uncircumcised men with penile lesions typical of plasma cell balanitis. Twenty specimens were available for histopathology. RESULTS: Lesions involved prepuce and glans in 17, prepuce only in 10 and in 5 were localised to glans alone or extended to coronal sulcus. Histopathology showed variable features but were consistent with the diagnosis of plasma cell balanitis. Haemosiderin pigment could be detected in only three specimens of patients with shorter duration of the disease. Twenty seven patients were treated with circumcision and no recurrence was noticed in 3 years of follow up. CONCLUSION: Circumcision is an effective treatment modality in plasma cell balanitis. Absence of haemosiderin pigment in majority of tissue sections is difficult to explain but may be related to longer duration of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis mimicking leprosy: experience with 4 patients, with some unusual features in 1.

We report on 4 cases of post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). History of kala-azar was available in all 4 patients. Slit-skin smears (SSS) for leishmania donovani (LD) bodies were negative in all 4. In 3 patients hypopigmented lesions were present over the face. Papules and nodules over his lips, tongue, scrotum and dactylitis were some unusual features observed in 1 patient. Histopathological examination showed LD bodies in 2 patients; histopathology was nonspecific in the other 2. All the patients were treated with sodium stibogluconate, 20 mg/kg/day. Infiltrated papules and nodules had subsided by 3 months, while hypopigmented macules took longer to improve. In 3 patients there had previously been a misdiagnosis as leprosy sufferers and they had been treated with antileprosy drugs. Clinical and histopathological differences between PKDL and leprosy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Gallie's fusion for atlantoaxial arthrosis with occipital neuralgia.

Atlantoaxial fusion by the Gallie's technique was performed in four patients with unilateral arthrosis of the atlantoaxial lateral articulation for incapacitating occipital neuralgia. Total relief of the occipital neuralgia was obtained in all the patients without having to resort to dorsal rhizotomy, which was the treatment advocated by the authors who described this entity.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Methotrexate in childhood psoriasis.

We treated childhood psoriasis with methotrexate (MTX) in seven children (4 boys, 3 girls) over 7.5 years. Their ages and duration of disease varied from 3.5 to 16 years (mean 12.14 yrs) and 4.8 months to 5 years (mean 2.2 yrs), respectively. Psoriatic erythroderma was seen in three patients, generalized pustular psoriasis in two, recalcitrant psoriasis and psoriatic arthropathy in one each. Pre-MTX liver biopsy performed in 4 children showed grade I changes. Methotrexate was given in a single weekly oral dose of 3.75 to 25 mg (mean 16.6 mg). The duration of treatment necessary to control the disease varied from 6 to 10 weeks (mean 7.9 wks). Total duration of MTX therapy was 31.2 to 46.4 weeks (mean 38.8 wks). Posttherapy disease-free interval ranged between 14.4 and 16.8 weeks (mean 15.5 wks). Follow-up after withdrawal of MTX was 16 to 28 weeks (mean 22.3 wks). Total cumulative MTX dose ranged from 390 to 960 mg (mean 683.6 mg). Side effects were nausea and vomiting in three patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

Short term methotrexate therapy in psoriasis.

Data on 82 psoriatics (62 males and 20 females) with either chronic recalcitrant, erythrodermic, generalized pustular or severe palmoplantar psoriasis treated with methotrexate (MTX) have been reviewed. MTX was given in a single oral weekly dose of 3.75-30 mg based on body weight. Seven patients with a relative contraindication for MTX use were also treated safely with MTX. An attempt was made to withdraw MTX as quickly as possible with the intention of providing drug free period of 4-6 months coinciding this period with the seasonal remissions in disease activity. MTX could be withdrawn in up to 90 per cent patients within an average of 25 wk. The total cumulative dose could also be reduced by this method as also the need to repeat liver biopsies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Development of bioabsorbable glass fibres.

Calcium-iron phosphate glasses with an iron oxide content ranging from 5 wt.% to 22 wt.% were prepared to investigate the effect of iron oxide on the properties of the glass. It was found that the dissolution rate, the fibre strength and the glass transition temperature were strongly affected by iron oxide. The glass dissolution rate exhibited a 50-fold reduction while the fibre strength doubled when the iron oxide content was increased from 5 wt.% to 22 wt.%. The phosphate glass containing 22 wt.% of iron oxide had a dissolution rate of about 5 micrograms/(cm2 day). The fibres drawn from this glass also exhibited the highest tensile strength over 1000 MPa. A cortical bone plug method was used to assess the biocompatibility of the glasses with the hard and soft tissues. The tissues surrounding the samples showed no inflammation at 9 wk.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Sporotrichosis in north-west India.

Twelve culture proven patients of sporotrichosis were seen over a period of 4 1/2 yr in the north-western region of this country. Most of the patients (75%) were from Himachal Pradesh, with slight female preponderance. The right upper limb was commonly (58.3%) involved; gardeners and housewives being the common sufferers. Localised lymphocutaneous variety was the commonest presentation (91.7%), except in one patient, where after initial involvement of the face, the lesion extended to the right upper limb and trunk. All but one patient responded to oral potassium iodide therapy; this patient with mixed infection of Sporothrix schenckii and Cladosporium species, required in addition, amphotericin B therapy.

Amphotericin B↗