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Biomedical subjects

B Krahenbuhl

Publications and source records attributed to B Krahenbuhl.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Transcutaneous measurement of the partial pressure of the oxygen. Theoretical bases and hemodynamic significance].

Transcutaneous measurement using a modified Clark type electrode actually measures the amount of oxygen diffusing through the skin, i.e. the transcutaneous oxygen flow (tc O2). The latter depends on arterial partial oxygen pressure, local blood flow, diffusion of oxygen in tissues and local oxygen consumption. In this study, tc O2, cutaneous blood flow (133-xenon) and pedal systolic blood pressure were measured simultaneously on the foot. In normal subjects, there was a good correlation between tc O2, perfusion pressure (r = 0.89) and local blood flow (r = 0.77). Tc O2 passively depends on perfusion pressure, because local heating induced an inhibition of vasomotricity. In patients with severe ischemia (stages 3 and 4), there was a lack of correlation between local blood flow measured by 133-xenon clearance and tc O2. This may be explained by variations of partition coefficient from patient to patient, which introduce a bias in blood flow calculation. Furthermore, tc O2 may constitute an index of nutritional blood flow, while 133-xenon clearance measures total blood flow.

Blood Gas Analysis↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical aspects of arterial insufficiency of the lower extremities. Side-branch thrombosis and arterio-arterial embolism].

Branch thrombosis is an occlusion of an arterial branch while the main artery driving blood into the limb is normal. This situation may be observed in iliaca interna or femoralis profunda arteries; ankle systolic pressure is normal despite typical intermittent claudication. Diagnosis of branch thrombosis must be confirmed by arteriography. There are 3 different kinds of arterio-arterial emboli, i.e. emboli coming from proximal arterial wall: (1) emboli deriving from an arterial aneurysm, (2) emboli of atheromatous plaques, often caused by an invasive medical procedure, and (3) cholesterol emboli, often spontaneous, occluding 50-500 micron diameter arteries. Clinically, the disease resembles vasculitis and may simulate periarteritis nodosa.

Angiography↗
PubMed1982

[Study on the prevention of deep venous thrombosis in surgery].

In a survey of the use of methods for prevention of postoperative deep venous thrombosis (DVT) performed in French speaking Switzerland, a questionnaire was sent to 380 surgeons and 316 answers (83%) were received. Systematic prevention is performed by 75% of the surgeons; it is performed by 89% of orthopedic surgeons, 66% of abdominal surgeons and 76% of obstetricians. Low dose heparin is use dy 75% of general and orthopedic surgeons and by 50% of the obstetricians. 40% of the surgeons believe that preventive methods cause untoward side effects. Only 55% of orthopedic surgeons believe in the effectiveness of the prevention they are using. Prevention of DVT is more systematically carried on in Switzerland than in other Western countries, especially in high risk surgery. However, surgeons are aware of the imperfection of this prevention.

Dextrans↗
PubMed1981

[The natural course of Raynaud's phenomenon].

136 patients suffering from Raynaud's phenomenon have been observed for 3.9 years and information has been collected by a questionnaire sent to 142 patients (136 answers: 96%). An improvement was noticed by 36% of these patients, steady state by 48%, and worsening in 16%. Among 25 patients suffering from idiopathic Raynaud's disease, 25% improved and 12% worsened. Among 12 patients suffering from scleroderma, 7 worsened (4 deaths) and there was no improvement in the others. In patients suffering from secondary Raynaud's phenomenon, no systemic disease appeared during the follow-up period. The profile of Raynaud's phenomenon which is going to worsen is characterized by an abnormal Allen test, digital necrosis, age over 60 years and Raynaud's disease of more than 1 year's standing.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Non-invasive measurement of skin oxygenation in chronic ulcers of the lower extremities].

Transcutaneous pO2 measurement by polarography is a non-invasive method already used in internal medicine and in angiology. It has been employed in patients suffering from chronic lower limb ulcerations of various origins. Marked hypoxia was found in venous ulcers without arterial occlusive disease (tc pO2 = 19.6 +/- 16.9 mm Hg; mean value +/- 1 SD). TcpO2 was in the normal range in patients suffering from cryoglobulinemia (68.5 +/- 10.5 mm Hg), but very low in hypertensive ulcers (0.7 +/- 0.9 mm Hg) and in patients suffering from arterial occlusive disease (8.9 +/- 11.8 mm Hg). Thus, local hypoxia constitutes an important feature of many kinds of ulcers even when venous disease is the primary cause.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

[Detection of postoperative deep venous thromboses].

In 227 patients undergoing abdominal surgery, a Doppler ultrasonic examination to measure venous stop flow pressure and a 125I-fibrinogen test were systematically performed in order to detect postoperative deep venous thrombosis of the lower limbs (DVT). The 125I-fibrinogen test was abnormal in 19 patients in whom venography showed DVT in 18 cases (16 calf DVT and 2 femoral DVT). Five pulmonary embolisms were detected by lung scanning: lower limb venography was normal in one patient, calf DVT was found in 2 and femoral DVT in the last 2 patients. Among the 18 DVT, measurement of venous stop flow pressure by Doppler technique was abnormal in 4 cases including the 2 femoral DVT. This study confirms the value of the 125I-fibrinogen test in detecting asymptomatic postoperative DVT. The Doppler method serves to detect clinically symptomatic DVT with extension above the knee.

Adult↗