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Biomedical subjects

B Kopp

Publications and source records attributed to B Kopp.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The use of carprofen, a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent, in peptic ulcer diseases.

The effects of carprofen (Roche), a nonsteroid antiinflammatory agent, on gastric secretion, serum gastrin level, electropotential difference (PD), gastric microbleeding, DNA loss, and the generation of mucosal prostaglandins (PGs) were examined in 20 duodenal ulcer patients with active ulcer (15 patients) or in remission (5 patients). Carprofen administered for one-week period at a therapeutic dose (300 mg/day) was well tolerated by all ulcer patients and no adverse effects were observed during or after treatment. Endoscopy performed after carprofen treatment showed complete ulcer healing in 9 out of 15 patients and no exacerbations were observed in the rest of patients. No significant changes were observed in basal or pentagastrin-induced secretion, PD, gastric microbleeding and DNA loss. The generation of PGE2, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and thromboxane B2 was not affected by the treatment with carprofen. This study indicates that carprofen shows excellent gastrointestinal tolerance in ulcer patients, and it might be useful in the treatment of arthritic patients with peptic ulcer disease.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1982

Effect of cold environment on skeletal muscle mitochondria in growing rats.

Growing rats(4 weeks old) were kept for 3 weeks at 11 degrees C and 24 degrees C respectively. The cold-adapted animals showed a significantly higher oxygen consumption (64%). Volume density of subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria as well as volume density of fat droplets were estimated in M. soleus and the diaphragm of both groups. In cold-adapted animals, the total volume of mitochondria was significantly increased by 24% in diaphragm and 37% in M. soleus. The volume of subsarcolemmal mitochondria was almost doubled in each muscle, but the volume of interfibrillar mitochondria did not change significantly. The surface of the inner mitochondrial membranes per unit volume of mitochondrion in M. soleus was significantly increased both in interfibrillar and subsarcolemmal mitochondria, whereas the surface of the outer mitochondrial membranes per unit volume of mitochondrion was increased only in the subsarcolemmal mitochondria. The volume of fat droplets in the diaphragm and M. soleus of cold adapted animals increased significantly by 62% and 150% respectively.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed1982

Effect of human pancreatic polypeptide and its C-terminal hexapeptide on pancreatic secretion in man and in the dog.

Human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP) and its C-terminal hexapeptide (HP-PP) were infused intravenously in graded doses into healthy human subjects and dogs with chronic pancreatic fistula during submaximal stimulation with secretin. Plasma levels of PP were measured by radioimmunoassay, and pancreatic volume flow and bicarbonate and protein outputs were monitored. PP and HP-PP in humans did not affect secretion-induced volume flow or bicarbonate secretion, but at the highest doses it reduced the protein outputs. In dogs both HPP and HP-PP inhibited dose-dependently the pancreatic volume flow and bicarbonate and protein outputs. There was a linear correlation between the dose of HPP infused and the increments in plasma PP levels in these experiments. The inhibition of pancreatic secretion occurred at doses of exogenous HPP which produced blood plasma PP concentrations not significantly different from those normally seen after a meat meal. We conclude that there is a marked difference in the effect of HPP on the exocrine pancreas in man and the dog, that PP may play a role as a physiological inhibitor of pancreatic protein secretion in man and of both bicarbonate and protein secretion in the dog, and that the effect of HPP on the exocrine pancreas can be mimicked by its C-terminal hexapeptide.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effect of carprofen and indomethacin on gastric function, mucosal integrity and generation of prostaglandins in men.

The effects of indomethacin and carprofen on gastric secretion, serum gastrin level, electropotential difference, gastric microbleeding, DNA loss, mucosal blood flow and the production of mucosal prostaglandins (PGs) were investigated in a double-blind cross-over study in 18 healthy volunteers after one week of treatment. We did not observe any significant changes in basal and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretory parameters, serum gastrin level and electro-potential difference before and after treatment with these drugs. Mucosal blood flow was significantly reduced following indomethacin treatment. The most pronounced differences were found in endoscopic score studies of gastric mucosa. After indomethacin all subjects developed multiple erosions, submucosal haemorrhages, and half of them showed diffuse antral erythema. These effects were accompanied by a significant increase in both gastric microbleeding and DNA loss, and significant decrease in the production of PGE2. We concluded that carprofen, in contrast to indomethacin, did not alter gastric mucosal integrity and production of PGE2. This study indicates that the gastric mucosal damage by non-steroid anti-inflammatory compounds (NOSAC) depends upon the suppression of PGE2 biosynthesis, and that endogenous PGE2 is involved in the control of mucosal blood flow and mucosal integrity.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Gastric secretory and plasma hormonal responses to sham-feeding of varying duration in patients with duodenal ulcer.

Gastric acid and serum gastrin, pancreatic polypeptide, and insulin responses to cephalic vagal stimulation were studied in eight patients with duodenal ulcer using modified sham-feeding for periods varying from four to 30 minutes. In addition, the maximal acid response to sham-feeding was compared with that induced by pentagastrin in 10 healthy subjects and 14 patients with duodenal ulcer. It was found that the gastric acid response to modified sham-feeding reached the maximal value after 15 minutes of sham-feeding and amounted to about 68% of the pentagastrin maximum. The serum pancreatic polypeptide response was also increased after modified sham-feeding and depended on the duration of this procedure, whereas gastrin and insulin responses were not significantly affected by modified sham-feeding. When the peak acid output induced by modified sham-feeding was normalised as percentage of the peak response to pentagastrin, it was similar in healthy subjects and in patients with duodenal ulcer; this indicates that the increased peak acid response to modified sham-feeding observed in patients with duodenal ulcer corresponded with their greater parietal cell mass rather than with increased vagal tone.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Dynamics of gastric acid inhibition by ranitidine in duodenal ulcer patients.

The dynamics of the inhibitory effect of ranitidine, a new H2-receptor antagonist, on histamine and pentagastrin-induced gastric secretion have been examined in duodenal ulcer patients. The inhibition by ranitidine of histamine-induced secretion was found to be competitive, whereas that of pentagastrin-induced secretion not competitive. Ranitidine was an effective inhibitor of pentagastrin-induced secretion for 8-12 h after administration. The availability of ranitidine, a powerful and long-acting inhibitor of gastric secretion, provides an opportunity of an alternative treatment from cimetidine for peptic ulcer and related diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Kinetics and duration of action of ranitidine on gastric secretion and its effect on pancreatic secretion in duodenal ulcer patients.

Inhibitory effects of ranitidine, a new H2-receptor antagonist, and cimetidine on histamine and pentagastrin-induced gastric secretion have been compared in duodenal ulcer patients. Compared with cimetidine, ranitidine was found to be about 6-8 times a more potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, the inhibition of histamine-induced secretion being competitive, whereas that of pentagastrin-induced secretion not competitive. Ranitidine was an effective inhibitor of pentagastrin-induced secretion 8-12 h after administration. When given in a dose inhibiting gastric secretion by over 90%, it did not affect pancreatic secretion induced by secretin and pancreozymin. The availability of ranitidine, a more powerful inhibitor of gastric secretion, provides an opportunity of a treatment alternative to cimetidine, for peptic ulcer and related diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Effects of pirenzepine and atropine on gastric secretory and plasma hormonal responses to sham-feeding in patients with duodenal ulcer.

The effects of atropine and pirenzepine on sham-feeding stimulated gastric secretion and serum gastrin and pancreatic polypeptide levels have been studied in 12 patients with duodenal ulcer. Both atropine and pirenzepine caused a dose-dependent decrease in acid and pepsin secretion induced by sham-feeding. Serum gastrin response to sham-feeding was negative and it was enhanced by atropine but suppressed by pirenzepine. Plasma pancreatic polypeptide level, which was markedly increased by sham-feeding, was abolished both by atropine and pirenzepine. This study shows that pirenzepine is a more selective inhibitor of gastric secretory and serum hormonal responses to sham-feeding than atropine and that it may be a useful tool for studying the cholinergic innervation of the oxyntic glands and the G-cells in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Sensitive bioassay for vancomycin.

An accurate and sensitive assay for vancomycin in serum and body fluids has not been available. This paper reports an assay for vancomycin that can detect serum and fluid levels as low as 0.8 mug/ml. A disk diffusion technique was designed employing buffered glucose minimal salts agar and Bacillus subtilis as an indicator strain. A linear relationship was obtained between zone diameter and concentration for vancomycin standards from 0.8 to 50 mug/ml prepared in pooled human serum. Results were accurate (<10% error) and reproducible (within-sample standard deviation, 0.25 mug/ml) for concentrations of from 0.8 to 25 mug of vancomycin per ml. Zone diameters were at least 6 mm larger on minimal salts agar than on standard assay media. The increased sensitivity and accuracy of the assay make it possible to accurately measure levels in cerebrospinal fluid and dialyzate fluid as well as in serum.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of progesterone in vegetative organs and cell organelles of Convallaria majalis L. by radioimmunoassay.

Progesterone was extracted from leaves and subterranean parts of Convallaria majalis L. and quantified by radioimmunoassay. During the stage of flowering the content of progesterone in rhizomes was by a factor of four higher than in leaves and by a factor of ten higher than in roots, whereas five weeks later the level of progesterone was unchanged in rhizomes and roots but was elevated in the leaves. The change in progesterone distribution is discussed in relation to the development of the plants. At the subcellular level the mitochondrial and microsomal fractions contained the largest quantity of progesterone in leaf cells. However, significant amounts were also found in the 2000xg fraction comprising nuclei and chloroplasts.

Plant Development↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Flavon- and flavonolglycosides from Achillea pannonica Scheele.

The detailed investigation of a methanolic extract of aerial parts of Achillea pannonica SCHEELE. within a chemotaxonomic study led to the isolation of 6 flavonoid glycosides. Besides rutin, apigenin-7-O-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-O-glucopyranoside, apigenin-7-O-rutinoside and acacetin-7-O-rutinoside, an unusual flavondiglucoside was isolated. Its structure was established by UV, 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR techniques and ESI-MS as luteolin-7,4'-O-beta-diglucoside. This substance is reported for the first time in the genus Achillea. Chemotaxonomic aspects are discussed briefly.

Asteraceae↗