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Biomedical subjects

B King

Publications and source records attributed to B King.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Detection of occult lymph node metastases in malignant melanoma.

An accurate prediction of the prognosis of melanoma is dependent on the ability to determine the presence or absence of malignant cells in lymph nodes. Our laboratory has developed a method for screening lymph node sections for the presence of micrometastatic disease. The nodes obtained from regional lymphadenectomies are dissected free from surrounding tissue and divided into halves. One-half is subjected to routine histopathological evaluation and the other one-half is disrupted into a single cell suspension and placed into cell culture. Lymph nodes from 19 patients with malignant melanoma were evaluated by tissue culture. Tumor cells were isolated in 125 of the 173 nodes examined. In contrast, only 14 of these nodes were initially found positive for melanoma by routine pathological evaluation. All lymph nodes positive for melanoma by pathological evaluation were also culture positive. Examination by cell culture has led to an upgrade in the stage of disease in 58% of the histologically node-negative patients. In addition, 43% of the patients who were histologically node negative but culture positive have recurred, suggesting some clinical correlation. These results indicate that the tissue culture method for detecting micrometastatic lymph node disease may prove more reliable and sensitive than current techniques for determining the presence of occult melanoma.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1991

Detection of submicroscopic lymph node metastases in patients with melanoma.

A cell culture technique was developed to investigate submicroscopic lymph node metastases in patients with stage 1 or 2 malignant melanoma. Lymph nodes were isolated from standard dissections and bivalved. Half of the node was evaluated by routine histopathologic examination, while the other half was processed and placed into tissue culture. Three hundred twenty-three lymph nodes were collected from 41 patients. The cell culture technique identified 155 of 323 lymph nodes containing micrometastases, while only 20 of 323 lymph nodes tested positive with routine histochemical processing. Nine patients were upgraded from stage 1 or 2 to stage 3 disease after micrometastases were identified in lymph node cultures. Identification of melanoma was confirmed by cytologic examination, immunohistologic staining, and the presence of GD3 ganglioside and 250-kd glycoprotein melanoma-associated antigens. This study provides evidence that the culture of lymph nodes is a sensitive method for the detection of micrometastases. In addition, this procedure may change prognosis and identify candidates for adjuvant therapies.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1979

The use of Doppler shift radar to monitor physiological and drug induced activity patterns in the rat.

Doppler shift radar was used to monitor circadian activity patterns in the rat and to study the behavioural effects of p-chloroamphetamine and d-amphetamine. Activity was classified in two ways:-(a) slow (non-locomotory) and high (locomotory) speed movements. (b) the number of starts of activity, within either the slow or high speed zones of activity during a pre-set time. p-Choloramphetamine (5 mg/kg) produced a biphasic activity response; an initial increase in continuous non-locomotory activity followed by a longer lasting increase in exploratory locomotion containing regular starts of activity. d-Amphetamine (2.5 mg/kg) produced an increase in both non-locomotory and locomotory movements but a marked reduction in starts of activity (i.e. continuous non-exploratory activity). The combination of information on the amount and pattern (starts) of activity allows a more detailed analysis of the effects of drugs on activity to be made than with existing automated methods.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Antibody-dependent, complement-mediated homologous and cross-cytolysis of togavirus-infected cells.

The appearance of viral induced antigen(s) on Sindbis and Semliki Forest (SF) virus-infected chick embryo cells is detected with homologous mouse anti-viral antibody-dependent, complement-mediated cytolysis in a 51Cr release assay. Such antigen(s) is detected within 3 to 4 hr after infection whereas viral cytopathologic effects do not occur until 10 to 12 hr. In addition, significant heterologous cytolysis (anti-Sindbis on SF virus-infected cells, or, anti-SFV on Sindbis-infected cells) could be observed with serum samples tested. These sera were assayed for neutralizing and hemaggluatination-inhibition activities. Heterologous cytolysis cannot be correlated with hemagglutination-inhibition antibody titers nor is cross-neutralizing antibody detected. The possibility is discussed that another previously undefined antigen on infected cell membranes may be involved in heterologous cytolysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

The diabetic day-care unit. I. Development of an index to evaluate diabetes control.

In order to measure the effect of a diabetic day-care unit on diabetes control two scoring scales were constructed, one for insulin-dependent diabetics and the other for patients managed by diet or oral agents or both. Both scales were based on observations of blood and urine glucose concentrations, ketonuria, symptoms of diabetes and deviation from ideal weight. The scale for insulin-dependent diabetics also included the frequency and severity of insulin reactions and frequency of hospital admission for acidosis. Scores for 45 insulin-dependent patients and for 55 diabetics treated by diet with or without oral agents in the unit indicated significant improvement in diabetes control in both groups.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Cross-sectional-type weight reference values for village children under five years in Lesotho.

Cross-sectional-type reference values for weight attained are described for village children under five years in rural Lesotho (formerly Basutoland). Weight measurements derive from observations on 1317 children attending an Under-Fives clinic; it is estimated that 60-70% of the children under five in the catchment area were represented. 4585 weighings on boys and 4826 weighings for girls are included in the analysis. Figures of weight-for-age of boys and girls are given separately as centile distributions suitable for use on Growth Charts. Lesotho 50 centile approximates to 3 centile of British children and slightly exceeds 80% Harvard standard. Weight attained for age is similar, in both sexes, to reports from other less-priviledged urban and rural areas, emphasizing the relative importance of environmental as compared to genetic influences in determining weight-for-age in early childhood. It is suggested that the construction of locally-derived growth reference values is both appropriate and practicable.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Recognition of infection associated with intravenous catheters.

Four cases are described in which the patients suffered from bacteriaemia due to infected intravenous infusions. Although all the patients were pyrexial, the white cell count was normal in all 4 cases at diagnosis and the infusion site appeared innocent. Following removal of the intravenous catheter and the institution of antibiotic therapy in each case, neutrophilia and localizing signs developed. It is stressed that a normal white cell count and an innocent appearance at the infusion site do not exclude this complication of intravenous therapy. Possible reasons for this presentation for sepsis are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Below-knee amputation in peripheral arterial disease.

A below-knee amputation will heal in most patients with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease, using no anterior flap and a long posterior myoplastic flap. The technique used by the authors is presented in detail, with their experience in 32 cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Isolations of aerobic sporing bacilli from the tips of indwelling intravascular catheters.

Following previous reports of the isolation of aerobic sporing bacilli from intravenous catheters and infusion sets, it was decided to analyse a series of catheter tip cultures to ascertain the significance of these isolations. Those catheters from which aerobic sporing bacilli were isolated behaved statistically differently from other catheters from which organisms were isolated, but were statistically similar to sterile catheters. Using the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test no significant difference was found between patients with isolates of aerobic sporing bacilli and those with sterile catheters. The NBT test readily distinguished those patients from whom other organisms were isolated. In a small number of instances some evidence of a possible pathogenic role for the aerobic sporing bacillus was found, but the results clearly indicate that in most cases these organisms can be regarded as contaminants.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1975

Analysis of results of catheter tip cultures in open-heart surgery patients.

A statistical analysis of 628 consecutive catheter tip cultures is presented. All were from patients undergoing open-heart surgery. The previously noted effects of early removal are shown to be significant. The possible effects of stasis, flushing, handling, and place of insertion are discussed. The unresolved significance of isolations of aerobic sporing bacilli is noted, and a decreasing incidence of postoperative infective endocarditis in the same group of patients is an encouraging sign.

Aspergillus nidulans↗