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Biomedical subjects

B Kim

Publications and source records attributed to B Kim.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Outbreaks of asthma attacks and meteorological parameters--multivariate analysis].

The correlation between patient visits and meteorological parameters was analyzed among asthmatic children who visited the out-patient emergency clinic at the Teikyo University Hospital during the three years from 1984 to 1986. Data were analyzed with the method of multivariate analysis (quantification theory type II). The major factors affecting the frequency of visits were an air temperature at more than 15 degrees C, a relative humidity at more than 65%, a vapor pressure at more 1013 mb and a wind speed at less than 3.5 m/sec. Multivariate analysis of seven meteorological parameters, the four parameters shown above plus sea level pressure, cloud density and precipitation, revealed that discrimination ratios with the Lag 3, Lag 2, Lag 1 and Lag 0 values were 63.8%, 68.5%, 68.5% and 63.6%, respectively. These results indicate that asthma forecast is possible by the multivariate analysis of meteorological conditions.

Asthma↗
PubMed1989

Indomethacin-enhanced immunotherapy of pulmonary metastases using IL-2 and IFN-alpha.

In a murine pulmonary metastases model, interleukin-2 (IL-2), a lymphokine capable of expanding all classes of T lymphocytes, synergizes with interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) to reduce established metastases and prolong survival. We tested whether indomethacin (INDO), which inhibits synthesis of prostaglandin E2 (a potent immunosuppressor), could further augment the antitumor efficacy of these lymphokines. Age-matched C57BL/6 mice bearing pulmonary micrometastases of a weakly immunogenic fibrosarcoma MCA-106 were treated intraperitoneally for 6 consecutive days, starting on day 3 with (1) saline solution, (2) IL-2 (50,000 units twice a day), (3) IFN-alpha A/D (50,000 units per day), and (4) IL-2 and IFN-alpha A/D. Half of each treatment group was given plain water and the rest INDO-treated (14 micrograms/cc) drinking water throughout the duration of the experiment. Pulmonary metastases were enumerated on day 21. IFN or INDO alone had little effect, whereas IL-2 reduced metastases and prolonged survival. All combination treatments, including INDO/IFN, decreased metastases and prolonged survival except INDO/IL-2/IFN in which several early deaths negated any significant survival prolongation. Early mortality (less than 21 days) was seen with IFN/INDO (8.3%), IL-2/IFN (7.7%), and IL-2/IFN/INDO (8.3%) indicating toxicity of these treatments. Spontaneous proliferation of splenocytes from non-tumor-bearing mice treated for 5 days showed that INDO combined with IL-2 or IFN enhanced proliferation measured 3 days after cessation or treatments. A striking reduction in T-cell marker (Thy 1.2+) in groups treated with IL-2/IFN, INDO/IL-2, INDO/IFN, and INDO/IL-2/IFN 3 days after cessation of IL-2 and IFN suggests that a non-T-cell is amplified when INDO is combined with IL-2 or IFN. These results show that INDO can enhance efficacy of IL-2 or IL-2/IFN. Furthermore, INDO/IFN offers an equi-efficacious, albeit similarly toxic, alternative to IL-2 treatment of tumors and may be useful clinically.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Enhanced in vivo therapy of pulmonary metastases with interferon and interleukin-2.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) can mediate in vivo tumor regression at high doses. To enhance this efficacy, we studied the effect of adding a human hybrid recombinant interferon alpha A/D (rHuIFN-alpha-A/D) because of its known in vitro augmentation of immune-mediated tumoricidal activity. C56BL/6 mice bearing established pulmonary metastases induced by the iv injection of the methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma MCA 106 were treated for 12 days with intraperitoneal injections of (1) Hanks' balanced salt solution, (2) recombinant IL-2, (3) rHuIFN-alpha-A/D, and (4) a combination of IL-2 and HuIFN-alpha-A/D. IL-2 and interferon each had some antitumor activity. However, maximal reduction of pulmonary metastases consistently resulted from combining IL-2 with interferon. In two of four experiments, this combination was significantly better compared to either IL-2 or interferon treatment alone. The most potent regimen was 12 days of IL-2 (50,000 units bid) together with rHuIFN-alpha-A/D (50,000 units ip qd). No consistent pattern of proliferative or cytotoxic activity was found against a panel of stimulator and target cells. These results demonstrate enhanced antitumor efficacy of combining recombinant interferon alpha and IL-2 against established pulmonary metastases. Potential clinical applications are suggested by these data.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

An example of anti-Yta demonstrating a change in its clinical significance.

The clinical significance of some red cell alloantibodies remains in doubt and can best be studied with long-term 51Cr survival studies. We report a patient whose IgG anti-Yta was initially shown not to shorten the lifespan of 51Cr-labeled Yt(a+) red cells. At the time of this study, the subclass of the antibody could not be determined. Twelve weeks after transfusion with 4 units of Yt(a+) red cells, the alloantibody for the first time was demonstrable as IgG1; a repeat radiolabeled red cell survival demonstrated significant shortening of the lifespan of Yt(a+) red cells when they were followed for 7 days. These cells had a marked 'two-component' survival curve. Because the patient also demonstrated autoantibody coating his red cells, the clinical effect of this autoantibody was followed with autologous red cells labeled with 111In; the survival of autologous red cells was normal throughout these studies. Evaluation of the clinical significance of an alloantibody in a patient may require long-term 51Cr red cell survival studies and repetition of these studies after exposure to large quantities of the antigen.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Interferon inhibition of IL-2-mediated lymphocyte proliferation.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) combined with hybrid human alpha interferon (IFN-alpha A/D) mediates enhanced tumor regression compared with either agent alone. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of interaction of IL-2, with its known ability to induce expansion of T lymphocytes, and IFN-alpha A/D, with its antiproliferative activity, we studied splenocytes from normal and tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice in 5-day cultures and measured proliferation by means of a standard 4-hour 3H-thymidine incorporation assay. Potent inhibition of IL-2-induced proliferation (usually greater than 90%) resulted from high concentrations of IFN (100 to 1000 U/ml). Splenocytes from both tumor-bearing and normal mice, cultured alone or with mitomycin-treated syngeneic tumor, MCA106, exhibited similar patterns of inhibition. Unexpectedly, allostimulation with DBA/2 (H-2d) stimulators and C57BL/6 (H-2b) responders showed enhanced proliferation, most pronounced at lower IFN concentrations. Time course of IFN action revealed minimal duration of exposure necessary for inhibition to be less than 24 hours. Microfluorometric cell analysis showed the striking increase in Thy-1+ cells (55% to 96%) induced by IL-2 with parallel increase in Lyt2+ cells but almost complete disappearance of L3T4+ cells. IFN reduced IL-2-induced increase in Lyt-2+ cells (61% to 31%). These results emphasize the complexity of IL-2 and IFN interaction and the potential for dose-related antagonistic effects. This may be important in the clinical use of this combination.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Immunotherapy of pulmonary metastases using monoclonal antibody to T-cell suppressor factor and interleukin 2.

Tumor-induced immune suppression of the host may pose a barrier to successful immunotherapy. A monoclonal antibody (MAb 14-12) able to bind and inhibit murine soluble T-cell suppressor factor was tested for in vivo antitumor activity by treatment of mice bearing three-day established pulmonary metastases of a weakly immunogenic methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma (MCA 106). Administration intraperitoneally in combination with interleukin 2 (IL-2), a growth factor for activated T lymphocytes, resulted in a significant reduction (60% to 90%) of metastases. Neither IL-2 nor monoclonal antibody alone had significant antitumor effects. This study demonstrates in vivo potentiation of IL-2 antitumor activity with an anti-T-cell suppressor factor and points to possible strategies for clinical application.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Histamine levels and cardiovascular responses during splenectomy and splenorenal shunt formation in a patient with systemic mastocytosis.

Systemic mastocytosis is a rare disorder characterised by the infiltration of many tissues by abnormal numbers of mast cells. Life-threatening episodes of bronchospasm and hypotension are common in response to a variety of triggers which cause mast cell degranulation. We present the case history of a patient with severe mast cell disease who successfully underwent splenectomy and portocaval anastomosis. Peri-operative therapy was directed towards mast cell stabilisation, and histamine-releasing drugs were avoided. Cardiovascular data, together with blood histamine levels and thrombin times, indicated that mast cell degranulation did not occur. A review of the current literature concerning mast cell disease as it relates to anaesthesia is presented and suggestions for the safe management of such cases are given.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Density of TEPC-15 plasmacytoma cells as function of size.

TEPC-15 plasmacytoma cells were observed under the microscope, as they sedimented at 1 G in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium. A mean density of 1.0422 g/cm3 (30 degrees C) was found. The density difference of smaller cells (15 micron diameter) was significantly higher than the density difference of larger cells (25 micron diameter). The ratio in density difference was close to 3.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of aspoxicillin in pediatric patients].

Since the efficacy and the safety of aspoxicillin (ASPC, TA-058) have been established on adult patients and the need of ASPC use on pediatric patients was anticipated, we performed a 16 center study on the clinical utility of ASPC in pediatric patients. 1. Pharmacokinetics ASPC was intravenously administered to 45 patients at a dose of 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg by one shot. Serum concentrations of ASPC were dependent of dose levels, and maximum levels of 58.4-230.8 micrograms/ml and half-lives (beta) of 1.08-1.16 hours were observed. Urinary recovery rates were 62.7-67.2% in 6 hours. Results obtained upon drip infusions (0.5-1 hour) were similar to one shot injections. 2. Clinical results (1) Clinical effectiveness Of 318 evaluable patients including 175 boys and 143 girls, 18.2% were nurslings and 61% were young children under 4 years of age. One hundred eighty six patients from whom causative organisms were isolated were classified as A group. Among them were 5 patients suffered with sepsis, but the ASPC treatment eradicated all the bacteria but Salmonella java in 1 case. All of 4 patients with meningitis were cured and all causative organisms (3 cases with Haemophilus influenzae and 1 case with Gram-positive coccus) were eradicated. Cure rates were 90% for 130 patients with respiratory tract infection, 88.6% for 35 with urinary tract infection, 85.7% for 7 with skin soft tissue infection and 89.8% for all the A group patients. Meanwhile, no causative organisms were isolated from 132 patients (B group patients) but cure rate of 91.7% was obtained for this group. No statistical difference was observed between A and B groups. For all the patients (318), the cure rate was 90.6%. (2) Bacteriological effects Of 63 Gram-positive bacteria isolated as pathogens, 58 strains were eradicated. Of 117 Gram-negative bacterial, 101 were eradicated. The eradication rate on all 180 strains was 88.3%. Overall, ASPC showed excellent effects against Streptococcus. Among strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 18 of 20 strains were eradicated. Of 59 strains of H. influenzae, 52 were eradicated and 3 decreased. Among strains of Escherichia coli, 25 of 28 strains were eradicated. Of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 2 strains were decreased and one was unchanged. (3) ASPC was effective in 93.3% of 30 patients with serious infections and 79.2% of 72 patients with underlying diseases. Cure rates for patients with and without underlying disease were significantly different statistically (chi 2: P less than 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Transluminal angioplasty of the hypogastric artery for treatment of buttock claudication.

Two patients with incapacitating isolated buttock claudication and bilateral hypogastric artery occlusive disease were treated by balloon dilatation of a single hypogastric artery. Symptoms were eliminated in 1 patient and reduced in the other. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty represents an effective therapeutic approach in this relatively uncommon situation.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Correlation of bronchial epidermoid metaplasia with level of tobacco consumption in heavy smokers.

One hundred forty-four heavy-smoker (125 males, 19 females) volunteers with at least 15 packet-year of smoking experience (number of daily packets of cigarettes X number of years of smoking) underwent bronchoscopy with systematic biopsies in ten sites of the bronchial tree. No morbidity was related to the fibroscopy procedure. Each biopsy was cut into ten sections and an index of metaplasia (IM) was calculated: IM = number of sections with epidermoid metaplasia/number of sections examined X 100. A highly significant statistical correlation was observed (P = 10(-4)) between the IM and the amount of cigarettes smoked (slope of the curve: 0.23). Sex appeared to play an important role in the incidence of metaplasia, since 84% of the examined females had an IM less than 15% versus 48% of the males (P adjusted for individual tobacco consumption in packet-years less than 0.01). Early study of HLA phenotype (locus A) failed to detect a link between HLA and risk of tobacco-induced epidermoid metaplasia.

Epidermal Cells↗
PubMed1985

Direct imaging of live human platelets by flash x-ray microscopy.

A 100-nanosecond pulse of long-wavelength x-rays was used to produce high-resolution stop-motion images of living human platelets. Although some aspects of the structure conform to those seen in dehydrated specimens, novel features are apparent. The technique should permit detailed stop-motion examination of the interaction of platelets with their surrounding medium as well as exploration of the phagocytic and secretory activities of a wide variety of other cells.

Blood Platelets↗