Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Keramati

Publications and source records attributed to B Keramati.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Pancreatic enlargement in alcoholic pancreatitis: prevalence and natural history.

We determined the prevalence and natural history of pancreatic enlargement by abdominal ultrasonography or computed tomography in 72 patients with alcoholic pancreatitis. Pancreatic enlargement was observed in 54 patients (75%); it was diffuse in 28 (52%) and focal in 26 (48%). The focal enlargement was frequently cystic (50%), while the diffuse enlargement was only occasionally cystic (7%). Sequential imaging of the pancreas in 29 patients demonstrated partial to total resolution of pancreatic enlargement in greater than 50% during 6 months of follow-up. Determination of serum amylase and p-isoamylase activity was neither sensitive nor specific for pancreatic enlargement in alcoholic pancreatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Risk factors before hepatectomy, hepatic function after hepatectomy and computed tomographic changes as indicators of mortality from hepatic failure.

The mortality rate from hepatic failure after extensive resection should be negligible in the presence of normal results from preoperative liver function tests in patients without pre-existing hepatitis and cirrhosis. Despite conventionally acceptable results from preoperative hepatic function tests in 56 patients undergoing extensive hepatic resection for tumours (47 metastatic, six hepatomas and three adenomas), however, five patients died of hepatic failure. Among the many preoperative and intraoperative risk factors studied, the important factors in the group with hepatic failure were very high levels of serum alkaline phosphatase (p less than 0.05) in the presence of normal levels of bilirubin and large tumor, preoperative administration of chemotherapy, the presence of hepatomas rather than metastatic carcinoma (p = 0.083) and intraoperative blood loss of greater than 5,000 milliliters (p = 0.03). The patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy or those with hepatoma showed a minimal rise of alkaline phosphatase (p less than 0.03) and a minimal regeneration of liver on computed tomographic (CT) scan after hepatic resection. In the group with hepatic failure, a consistent postoperative pattern of increasing bilirubin with normal or subnormal alkaline phosphatase levels corresponded with lack of regeneration of liver on repeated CT scans. Conversely, the pattern of decreasing bilirubin with reciprocal increase in alkaline phosphatase corresponded with hepatic regeneration on CT scan in the group of survivors. Thus, we observe that alkaline phosphatase is a good indicator of hepatic regeneration in the absence of jaundice in patients after hepatectomy. To avoid postoperative hepatic failure, we recommend more discriminant tests than conventional hepatic function tests in patients with large tumors associated with high alkaline phosphatase levels, preoperative chemotherapy and hepatoma even without pre-existing cirrhosis or hepatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Inflammatory breast disease: mammographic spectrum.

We reviewed 27 biopsy-proven cases of inflammatory disease of the breast. Mammographic features of acute and chronic breast inflammation and abscess included focal increased density (68%), a spiculated mass (56%), skin thickening (48%), skin retraction (28%), and microcalcification (8%). We found considerable similarity between inflammation and malignancy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

The value of glucagon in routine barium investigations of the gastrointestinal tract.

Four hundred thirty-five consecutive barium studies of the gastrointestinal tract were examined to determine the efficacy and effectiveness of routinely giving intravenous (IV) glucagon in these studies. Administration of glucagon was randomized. Two staff radiologists evaluated the examinations to determine whether they were of diagnostic quality and rated them on a scale of 1 to 3. Patient response to the injection was monitored. Diagnostic quality of the examinations with and without IV glucagon did not differ significantly, and patient response to the injection was unfavorable. It is concluded that with the additional cost of glucagon, and the lack of demonstrable benefit, routine administration of glucagon is not warranted.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1986

Computed tomography of the liver after dearterialization and intraarterial chemotherapy.

Hepatic dearterialization by ligation of the main hepatic artery followed by local intraarterial chemotherapy was performed in 24 patients with clinically isolated but unresectable hepatic metastasis after local resection of carcinoma of the colon. Computed tomography of the abdomen and laboratory parameters were used both to stage and follow-up these patients. Computed tomography changes following dearterialization and chemotherapy of the liver are described. Computed tomography is a valuable technique for both staging and follow-up this group of patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Cystosarcoma phyllodes.

We present four cases of cystosarcoma phyllodes in which mammograms revealed a small or large lobulated mass occupying the entire breast. Preoperative diagnosis was a benign lesion with a low probability of nodular carcinoma. Histologically, all tumors were classified as malignant. Although uncommon, cystosarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of these masses, since local recurrence is frequent unless wide wedge resection or simple mastectomy is done.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Plain film evaluation of patients with abdominal pain: are three radiographs necessary?

Current recommendations for the plain radiographic evaluation of abdominal pain suggest a minimum three-film series including an erect and supine abdominal view and an erect chest study. Three film radiographic abdominal "series" were obtained in 252 consecutive emergency-room patients who presented with abdominal pain. The views were analyzed independently for their relative diagnostic value. Radiologic pathologic findings were present in 20% of the abdominal films and in 13% of the chest radiographs. The supine abdominal view and the erect chest study diagnosed normality or abnormality in 98% of these patients. The elimination of the erect abdominal view from the routine abdominal series could result in financial savings, decreased radiation exposure, and a more efficient use of technician time, without significant loss of diagnostic information.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1985

The competitive barium meal.

The diagnostic value of a large number of films taken during the routine double-contrast barium meal has been assessed. It is suggested that a minimum number of undercouch views are necessary for a routine examination of the stomach and duodenum. In our series, all of the diagnoses reported would have been made using these views alone and with considerable savings in time, cost and irradiation. The routine barium meal should be an efficient, quick and cost-effective technique, which should be preferable to endoscopy as the primary method of investigation of the upper gastrointestinal tract.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1985

Colonic diverticulum perforation: report of two cases as a complication of coronary artery bypass (perforated diverticulum after coronary artery bypass).

Perforation of a sigmoid diverticulum occurred in two patients in the immediate postoperative period after coronary artery surgery. Etiological factors leading to diverticular perforation after coronary artery bypass grafting are discussed. The significance of pneumoperitoneum on the postoperative chest radiograph, which prompted diagnosis in these cases, is also discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Unresectable hepatic metastases from carcinoma of the colon and rectum.

To alter the dismal prognosis of multiple unresectable metastases to the liver from carcinoma of the colon and rectum, 30 patients underwent hepatic dearterialization (ligation of the hepatic artery, transection of hepatic ligaments and cholecystectomy) and distal hepatic artery cannulation with prolonged infusion chemotherapy by a portable infusion pump followed by systemic intravenous chemotherapy. Involvement of the liver by carcinoma was less than 50 per cent in 16 and more than 50 per cent in 14 patients. The results of follow-up examinations, LFT, CEA and CT scan studies showed more than 50 per cent regression of the tumor and a decrease in alkaline phosphatase values and CEA in 29 patients (97 per cent); six had complete regression of tumor. The duration of response ranged from five to 39 months with the median of 17 or more months. The results of sequential LFT showed immediate increase in liver enzymes with return to normal in seven to 14 days. The mean CEA value decreased by 69 per cent within the first week and further decreased by 88 per cent in two months at the end of infusion chemotherapy. The over-all and adjusted survival rates from diagnosis were 79 and 91 per cent at 12 months; 56 and 81 per cent at 18 months, and 40 and 65 per cent at 24 months. The over-all and adjusted median survival rate after the treatment was 17 and 23 months, respectively. Of the 14 patients who failed this program, 11 had recurrences at sites other than the liver, with hepatic disease in remission in the majority. Of the 17 patients who died, six died of causes unrelated to the recurrence of disease. Thus, hepatic dearterialization and infusion regional chemotherapy can "effectively" control the hepatic disease and increase over-all survival time from three to six months to 23 months. However, recurrences of extrahepatic carcinoma and other causes are responsible for death and the over-all guarded prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of traumatic diaphragmatic rupture.

The diagnosis of traumatic rupture of the diaphragm may remain elusive despite a variety of imaging options including CT and sonography. Direct sagittal and coronal magnetic resonance images provided a definitive diagnosis of left diaphragmatic rupture with herniation of colon into the thorax.

Adult↗