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Biomedical subjects

B Katz

Publications and source records attributed to B Katz.

225 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The use of continuous infusion topotecan in persistent and recurrent ovarian cancer.

We retrospectively review our experience with continuous infusion topotecan for the treatment of persistent or recurrent ovarian cancer in this paper. Nine patients were identified who were treated at the University of California Los Angeles Medical Center between January 1997 and December 1999 using a 14-21 day continuous infusion schedule (0.3-0.7 mg/m2/d). Dose adjustments were performed for grade 3-4 toxicities and treatment was discontinued for persistent severe toxicity or progressive disease. Response to treatment was analyzed and stratified by platinum refractory, resistant, and sensitive disease. A total of 41 treatment cycles were given to nine patients with a median of five per patient (range 1-11). Median follow-up was 8 months. There were two partial responses (22%) and four patients had stable disease (44%), which included two patients with platinum-refractory tumors. No grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicities were observed. However, two patients suffered grade 3 gastrointestinal toxicity during the first cycle leading to discontinuation of topotecan administration. There was no cumulative toxicity. Topotecan administered by continuous infusion demonstrated response rates comparable to other dosing schedules with minimal hematologic toxicity. Treatment of patients with persistent or recurrent ovarian cancer with continuous infusion topotecan warrants further investigation.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pain in older persons.

Chronic pain is more prevalent in older persons than in young adults. In this review the physiological, pathological, and psychological reasons for altered pain sensibility in older persons are explored and strategies for the management of pain in older persons described. The evidence suggests that altered physiology of peripheral and central pain mechanisms combine with psychological attitudes, such as stoicism and reluctance to confirm the presence of pain, to raise pain threshold. However, once pain is experienced, older persons describe the same severity, quality, and psychological disturbance as younger persons. There is some evidence to suggest that the complaint of pain in the presence of pathology is reported less often in older persons. On the other hand, the presence of persistent or recurrent clinical pain may have a greater impact on the psychological, social, and physical function of older adults. It is also clear, however, that further empirical studies are required in order to delineate the age-related differences and similarities in the chronic pain experience. Management of chronic pain in the elderly requires meticulous diagnosis of the causal pain mechanisms as well as a holistic approach which gives due regard to psychological and social consequences of pain.

Affect↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Dental fluorosis in children residing in communities with different water fluoride levels: 33-month follow-up.

PURPOSE: The purpose of these examinations was to monitor changes, in the prevalence of dental fluorosis. METHODS: In February 1992 and December 1994, children who were residents of one of three communities with varying levels of fluoride in their communal water supply were examined for dental fluorosis. Since some children were available at both examination periods, it was also possible to determine changes in the incidence of dental fluorosis. RESULTS: The prevalence of fluorosis increased by approximately 14%, 20%, and 6% in the negligibly, optimally, and 4X optimally fluoridated communities, respectively. In the negligibly and optimally fluoridated communities, the incidence of dental fluorosis increased by 12% and 7%, respectively. In the 4X optimally fluoridated community, all the children examined had evidence of fluorosis at both examinations. CONCLUSION: Fluoride continues to be the primary therapeutic agent for the prevention of dental caries in adults and children. With the downward adjustment in the fluoride supplement schedule, continued monitoring of the prevalence of dental fluorosis in young children is needed to determine if any additional steps are even necessary to restrict fluoride intake during the years that enamel formation is occurring.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Patients' perceptions of uncertainty and stress during weaning from mechanical ventilation.

Weaning from mechanical ventilation is physiologically and psychologically stressful for patients. The critical care nurse is in an optimal position to reduce patients' stress during this process. The findings of this exploratory study suggest practice changes--based on patients' perspectives--that help reduce patients' feelings of uncertainty and stress as they are weaned from mechanical ventilation.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Machiavellianism and radiographer job satisfaction.

This article reports the results of a survey conducted to determine the relationship between Machiavellianism and job satisfaction among radiographers. As predicted by the literature, the survey showed a negative correlation between these two constructs-radiographers with higher Machiavellianism had lower job satisfaction, while those with the lowest Machiavellianism had the highest job satisfaction. Education, gender, marital status, race, position and time in position had no significant effect on the two constructs.

Adult↗