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Biomedical subjects

B Kalis

Publications and source records attributed to B Kalis.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Expression of interleukin-4 in scleroderma skin specimens and scleroderma fibroblast cultures. Potential role in fibrosis.

BACKGROUND: Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) is a fibrotic disease characterized by an uncontrolled tissular accumulation of collagen. Several cytokines have been implicated in the fibroblast activation leading to fibrosis. For instance, we have previously demonstrated that interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a potent activator of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures. In this study, using immunocytochemical methods and in situ hybridization, we investigated the expression of IL-4 in normal and scleroderma skin and fibroblast cultures. OBSERVATIONS: Immunocytochemical studies with anti-IL-4 antibody were performed on biopsy specimens from 9 patients with normal skin and 11 patients with scleroderma. The label was intense or strong in 8 of the 11 scleroderma skin specimens, whereas it was negative or faint in 8 of the 9 normal skin specimens (P < .01). In situ hybridization demonstrated a significant increase of the number of IL-4 messenger RNA grains in scleroderma skin compared with normal skin (3.1 +/- 1.5 [mean +/- SD] vs 0.8 +/- 0.7; P < .001). A strongly positive labeling with the anti-IL-4 antibody was found in the 4 scleroderma fibroblast cultures, whereas it was negative in the 5 fibroblast control cultures (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that IL-4 is strongly expressed in the dermis of a large majority of patients with scleroderma and might be synthesized by scleroderma fibroblasts. We suggest that IL-4 is one of the cytokines implicated in the early steps of the fibrotic process.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Vulvar lymphangiectasis 14 years after treatment for epidermoid carcinoma of the cervix. Treatment with cryosurgery].

INTRODUCTION: Lymphangiectasia are different from lymphangioma because they arise following damage to the deeper lymphatic vessels. No clinical or histological features are known to distinguish lymphangioma from lymphangiectasia. CASE REPORT: We report a case of vulvar lymphangiectasia occurring 14 years after therapy of squamous carcinoma of the cervix (surgery and post-operative radiotherapy). Our treatment was cryosurgery. DISCUSSION: We analysed the 12 case reports of vulvar lymphangiectasia in the literature, emphasizing misleading clinical aspect of the warty lesions and the risk of repeated infection justifying an appropriate treatment. We propose cryosurgery which provides real benefits with a minimal trauma.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1996

[Cutaneous metastases of melanoma localized on the cicatrix at the site of flap taking].

INTRODUCTION: We report one case of melanoma cutaneous metastases strictly localized on a skin graft donor site distant from the tumor site. CASE REPORT: A patient with a shoulder melanoma was treated by surgery. A split-thickness skin graft was taken from a thigh to cover the raw area. Six months later, nodular cutaneous metastases strictly localized on the skin graft donor site appeared. COMMENTS: Physiopathology of those lesions is unknown. Hyaluronic acid is increased in granulation tissue and could be chimiotactic for melanoma cells.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Oxiconazole cream versus ketoconazole cream. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study in the treatment of inguinocrural dermatophytoses].

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to compare oxiconazole, 1 p. 100 cream, with ketoconazole, 2 p. 100 cream, applied once-daily, in the treatment of tinea cruris. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was performed in 8 dermatology departments on two parallel groups in patients having this type of mycosis confirmed by mycological examination. RESULTS: The efficacy was analyzed in 66 out of the 79 patients included in the study (36 patients treated with oxiconazole, 30 with ketoconazole). At Day 14, a first assessment was made and 77.1 p. 100 of the patients treated with oxiconazole had been cured; this result was significantly better (p < 0.05) than that obtained with ketoconazole (51.7 p. 100 of cured patients). At Day 21, after a further week of treatment, both treatments were efficient with statistically non-different results between the two groups: 97.2 p. 100 of the patients treated with oxiconazole, versus 86.7 p. 100 with ketoconazole. Thus, a greater rapidity of action of oxiconazole was observed. No correlation was detected between the ratio of cured patients and the duration of the mycosis. The safety was assessed in 74 patients. No adverse effects were reported for the patients treated with oxiconazole, whereas 9 patients treated with ketoconazole experienced contact sensitization reactions and irritant skin reactions due to the application of the product. The difference between the two groups of treatment was statistically greatly significant (p < 0.001). Furthermore, acceptance of the drug on the part of the patient was better (p < 0.05) with oxiconazole. DISCUSSION: After 3 weeks of topical treatment oxiconazole has revealed itself to be as efficient as ketoconazole, but it seems more rapidly efficient and better tolerated than ketoconazole.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1995

Stimulation of sulphated glycosaminoglycan and decorin production in adult dermal fibroblasts by recombinant human interleukin-4.

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a pleiotropic cytokine expressed by inflammatory cells. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that it stimulates collagen synthesis in fibroblasts. Here we report the effects of recombinant human IL-4 on glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and proteoglycan synthesis in normal dermal fibroblasts from adult donors. IL-4 (10 and 100 units/ml) induced a dose-dependent increase of [3H]glucosamine and [35S]sulphate incorporation into total GAGs. The analysis of the different GAG fractions indicated the enhanced synthesis of dermatan/chondroitin sulphates. IL-4 had no effect on hyaluronan synthesis. The increase of sulphated GAG synthesis was correlated with an increase of proteoglycans in the culture medium. Decorin was identified as the major chondroitin/dermatan sulphate-containing proteoglycan in the culture medium of fibroblasts. Its synthesis was strongly stimulated by IL-4. Both the core-protein synthesis and mRNA expression were enhanced, indicating that the cytokine acted, at least in part, at the pre-translational level. These results indicate that IL-4 is able to modulate not only collagen, but also proteoglycan, production by human fibroblasts. Their implications in physiopathological processes such as wound healing or fibrosis is suggested.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Acute febrile pustular and bullous neutrophilic dermatosis (Sweet syndrome) disclosing acute myeloblastic leukemia].

We report a patient with Sweet's syndrome (acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis) revealing an acute myelogenous leukemia. About 10% of Sweet's syndromes are associated with a malignant disease that they can reveal. Among those, hemopathies are the most frequent, and 42% are myelogenous leukemia. These observations emphasize the particular clinical aspects of the Sweet's syndrome associated with an hemopathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Bazex paraneoplastic acrokeratosis. Treatment with acitretin].

INTRODUCTION: Bazex paraneoplastic acrokeratosis remains a therapeutic challenge when the cancer cannot be treated. We report the third patient in which a complete clearance of the lesions was obtained with oral acitretine. CASE REPORT: A 67 year-old patient had Bazex paraneoplastic acrokeratosis. Despite a complete cancer screening, no cancer was found. A cervical lymph node metastasis was treated with surgery and radiotherapy. Because the cutaneous lesions got worse after this treatment, the patient received oral acitretine. A complete clearing of the lesions was observed within 2 months. DISCUSSION: Only 2 similar cases have been reported to our knowledge. The comparison with these 2 cases supports the efficacy of oral retinoids in this disease. The search and the treatment of the cancer remain compulsory. CONCLUSION: In some definite cases, oral retinoids can be proposed as a treatment of cutaneous lesions in Bazex paraneoplastic acrokeratosis.

Acitretin↗
PubMed1994

Clinical evaluation of topical isotretinoin in the treatment of actinic keratoses.

BACKGROUND: Retinoids have been shown to improve the manifestations of skin photodamage, including actinic keratoses. OBJECTIVE: The efficacy and tolerability of isotretinoin 0.1% cream in the treatment of actinic keratoses were evaluated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study. METHODS: One hundred patients were randomly assigned to treatment with 0.1% cream or vehicle twice daily for 24 weeks to the face, the scalp, and the upper extremities. Patients were assessed every 4 weeks by the investigators, who counted and recorded the number of lesions in each treatment area. The 93 patients who had at least one postbaseline assessment were included for efficacy analysis. Local tolerability was evaluated at each study visit. RESULTS: On the face, the reduction in number of actinic keratoses (mean +/- SEM) at the end of treatment was greater for patients treated with isotretinoin (3.9 +/- 0.6, i.e., 66% of patients with a reduction > 30%) than with placebo (1.7 +/- 0.5, i.e., 45% of patients with a reduction > 30%); this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.001). No significant drug effect was seen for lesions on the scalp or upper extremities. Mild to moderate local reactions with isotretinoin abated with reduced treatment frequency. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that isotretinoin 0.1% cream cannot compete with more rapid treatments of actinic keratoses. However, its effect on facial lesions may be beneficial during long-term treatment of associated sun-damaged skin.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1994

[Interleukin-4: from B-lymphocyte to fibroblast].

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) has been characterized in 1982 by its ability to induce the proliferation of anti-IgM stimulated B-lymphocytes and IgG1 secretion by these same cells after activation by lipopolysaccharide. It's activity on B-cells explain that it received the former names of B-Cell Growth Factor-1 (BCGF-1) or B-Cell Stimulatory Factor-1 (BSF-1). More recent works have shown that IL-4 exerts pleiotropic effects on a large number of cells. Particularly, it is able to activate the production of extracellular matrix components by fibroblasts. The aim of the present paper is to review main data about this cytokine, with a particular emphasis on its role on the regulation of connective tissue cell activities and on its possible implication in pathophysiological events such as fibrosis, wound healing, and tumor invasion.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1993

[Cutaneous complications of massive obesity].

Massive obesity leads to nonspecific skin disorders. Skin folds are more numerous and deeper in the obese subject, and can become the site of various disorders. Hence the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment is increased. Acanthosis nigricans should be recognized, but not solely attributed to obesity, since other causes, particularly cancer, may be involved. Finally, leg ulcerations, a frequent consequence of the venous insufficiency inherent in obesity, should not lead to overlook other underlying causes, particularly in diabetic patients.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗