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Biomedical subjects

B Johansson

Publications and source records attributed to B Johansson.

At least 631 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Synthetic antagonists of the myometrial response to vasopressin and oxytocin.

With the aim of developing inhibitors of vasopressin- and oxytocin-induced uterine activity, 17 analogues of 1-deamino-oxytocin were synthesized by the solid-phase method. Modifications were made at positions 2, O-methyltyrosine (Tyr(OMe] and O-ethyltyrosine (Tyr(OEt],D-Tyr,D-Tyr(OEt),D-Trp; 4, Val,Thr and 8, Orn,Cit,Arg,D-Arg. The analogues were tested for antiuterotonic activity in vitro and in vivo in the rat and in vitro on myometrial strips from non-pregnant women and pregnant women at term. Their selectivity was also investigated in blood pressure and antidiuretic bioassays in rats. Results were compared with those from an original antiuterotonic analogue 1-deamino-2-Tyr(OEt)-oxytocin (d(OEt)-oxytocin). In the rat in vitro and in vivo all analogues possessed higher antiuterotonic activity than d(OEt)-oxytocin. The negative logarithm of the molar concentration of the antagonist which reduced the effect of a dose of agonist to that of half the dose (pA2) was between 7.6 and 8.9 for all the new inhibitors compared with 7.2 for d(OEt)-oxytocin. The highest pA2 value was found for 1-deamino-2-Tyr(OMe)-8-Orn-oxytocin (8.9 +/- 0.2, S.E.M.) and 1-deamino-2-Tyr(OEt)-4-Thr-8-Orn-oxytocin (8.9 +/- 0.6). In myometrium from non-pregnant women the most potent peptide was 1-deamino-2-D-Tyr(OEt)-4-Thr-8-Orn-oxytocin (17.2 +/- 2.0 times more potent that d(OEt)-oxytocin). In myometrium from pregnant women the inhibitory effects of the majority of the analogues were less pronounced.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Metabolism of high concentrations of dietary zearalenone by young male turkey poults.

Six male turkey poults (3 weeks of age) were fed a starter ration artificially contaminated with 800 mg zearalenone/kg for a 2-week period to examine zearalenone metabolism and residues in various tissues, excreta, and blood plasma. Zearalenone had no effect on either feed consumption or body weight gain. All the birds fed zearalenone frequently showed strutting behavior, displayed an increased size and coloration of caruncles and dewlaps, and had swollen vent tissue. None of these signs were seen among six control birds fed uncontaminated starter feed. Hormone analysis, however, revealed that the testosterone concentrations in blood plasma were the same in both controls and treated birds. Analysis after 14 days of feeding showed that most of the dietary zearalenone had been metabolized into alpha-zearalenol. Levels of zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol were: blood plasma 66 +/- 27 and 194 +/- 80 ng/ml, excreta 182 +/- 33 and 644 +/- 86 micrograms/g, lung 56 +/- 45 and 202 +/- 161 ng/g, heart 57 +/- 40 and 238 +/- 121 ng/g, kidney 122 +/- 25 and 477 +/- 53 ng/g, and liver 276 +/- 54 and 2715 +/- 590 ng/g, respectively. Only traces of beta-zearalenol could be detected in plasma, excreta, and the various tissues. The percentage alpha-zearalenol of total zearalenone plus alpha-zearalenol rose significantly in both blood plasma and excreta during the experimental period. Almost all zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol was found conjugated in blood plasma, and the conjugates consisted of both glucuronides and sulfate conjugates. Approximately 65% of all zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol in excreta was found to be conjugated.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The spread of brain oedema in hypertensive brain injury.

Severe hypertension in humans may lead to fibrinoid necroses of cerebral blood vessels with small hemorrhages and cystic necroses. Similar lesions have also been reported in the experimental model of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). We examined the genesis and spreading pattern of the brain oedema in SHRSP. The extravasation of plasma proteins was visualized with the Evans-Blue or the immunoperoxidase method. Most commonly the leakage occurred in the grey matter of the cerebral cortex or basal ganglia. The spreading pattern followed that of vasogenic brain oedema with a local spread in the grey matter and an extensive one in the white matter. In addition, we detected a novel pathway upwards along the perivascular spaces of the penetrating vessels as well as laterally in the subpial zone. This route is likely to serve also as a drainage channel for the oedema into the cerebrospinal fluid in the subarachnoidal space. Transfer of the extravasated proteins from the white matter to the ventricles was also observed, confirming that this previously described pathway for the resolution of oedema fluid exists in the SHRSP model of vasogenic brain oedema.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Hedega

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1985

Detection of recurrent cancer of the colon and rectum.

Outpatient follow-up in patients operated upon due to carcinoma of the colon and rectum is usually performed, due to a high rate of recurrence and with the aim of finding a curable recurrence. Due to the enormous cost of an extended follow-up system, a careful evaluation of the benefit is needed. The aim of the present investigation was to study the efficacy of the different tools in an extended follow-up. One hundred ninety patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum were--apart from traditional clinical follow-up--followed with an extensive laboratory battery including carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hemoglobin (Hb), electrophoresis, ALP, and GT. Forty-seven recurrences were found. Thirty-one of these recurrences were first detected by a rise in CEA. Seven cases were detected at clinical follow-up and six cases due to symptoms suggestive of recurrence. The predictive value of a positive test was 79.4% for CEA but very low for the other tests studied. A negative value for any of the tests in the battery was usually accurate. Follow-up after colorectal carcinoma should include CEA as the only laboratory parameter. Postoperative colonoscopy for removal of missed synchronous lesions, chest X-ray, and endoscopic investigations of the anastomotic region also seem to be of value.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Effect of application of cold dressings on the postoperative course in oral surgery.

The effect of external application of local cold on swelling, trismus, temperature and pain postoperatively in surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars was studied in a cross-over study comprising 45 patients. The patients were treated postoperatively with cold dressings after the first or the second operation. There were no significant differences in swelling, trismus, temperature or postoperative pain between the 2 groups of operations. It is concluded that the external application of cold after the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars does not appear to improve the postoperative course, either on a short or long term basis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Peripheral ameloblastoma.

Peripheral ameloblastoma is an extremely rare variant of a very well-known and aggressive odontogenic tumour. Only 16 cases have been reported so far. Because of the paucity of cases reported, this report written.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Agglutinate formation in serum samples mixed with intravenous fat emulsions.

The degree of fat agglutination (the so-called "creaming phenomenon") was measured in sera from 51 critically ill patients, 200 ambulatory patients and 24 healthy volunteers. A 400-microliter serum sample was mixed with 10 microliter of a fat emulsion (Intralipid), incubated at 37 degrees C, and examined after 2, 6, and 24 h. Almost all samples from critically ill patients exhibited creaming, as did 31% of the samples from ambulatory patients. Serum samples from healthy volunteers were incubated with purified C-reactive protein (CRP). At a CRP concentration of 40 mg/L, creaming was always observed. Creaming also occurred at normal serum levels of CRP, but at increased concentrations of other serum proteins. Finally, the creaming test was performed with 12 different fat emulsions, mixed with sera from critically ill and healthy subjects. Healthy sera produced no creaming and sera from critically ill patients invariably showed creaming with every emulsion.

Agglutination↗
PubMed1985

Rectum carried drugs may spread hepatitis A among drug addicts.

An hepatitis A epidemic among 36 persons, mainly drug addicts, occurring over an 18-week period, is described. There were indications that smuggling and transportation of narcotic drugs in the rectum started the outbreak, either through direct contamination of the drug or manipulation of the drug resulting in contaminated fingers.

Adult↗