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Biomedical subjects

B Jacobsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Jacobsson.

173 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on the morphologic and metabolic changes of human fat cells maintained in culture.

Specimens of human adipose tissue were maintained in vitro for one week and cell size as well as metabolic rates determined before and after the culture period. Large fat cells from obese donors decreased towards 'normal' cell size while this was not the case for cells from non-obese donors. This decrease was probably due to the increased lipolysis found while glucose incorporation was unchanged. Analogous to the findings with obese subjects placed on a weight-reducing regimen, the present data show that when large fat cells are removed from their anabolic, hyperinsulinic environment, 'normalization' in cell size occurs.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Magnetic resonance imaging study of acetabular morphology in developmental dysplasia of the hip.

Acetabular morphology in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) can be delineated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) more accurately than by previously available imaging methods. We describe the acetabular morphology observed in 10 girls and one boy aged < 3 years with untreated DDH. The bony pathology was iliac bone widening with lateral drift of the superior and posterior portions of the acetabular floor (extrusio acetabulae), loss of sphericity, and diminished aperture of the acetabulum. The cartilage changes were a distortion and overgrowth of the acetabular cartilage, including labrum, and a convex appearance of the posterior portion of the acetabular cartilage.

Acetabulum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Normal ureteral diameter in infancy and childhood.

Ureteral diameters were estimated on films from intravenous urography in 194 children (100 boys and 94 girls) aged 0-16 years. Children with signs of urinary tract infection, calculi, obstruction, duplication or malformation were excluded. Films obtained without abdominal compression were used for measurements, including only ureters visualized over 50 per cent of their lengths. A good correlation was demonstrated between ureteral diameter and age (r = 0.69) and between ureteral diameter and the length of a segment of the lumbar spine (r = 0.73). The widest part of the ureter was most often located just above the crossing of the iliac vessels. The right ureter was slightly wider than the left one. No difference between boys and girls was noted. The results are in good agreement with those of others obtained at autopsy. Bearing in mind the possible physiologic variations, it would seem that measuring the ureteral diameter can be of value for a more objective differentiation between dilated and non-dilated ureters.

Aging↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ureteral diameter in low-risk vesicoureteral reflux in infancy and childhood.

In order to improve the accuracy of the grading of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), reference values for ureteral diameter at micturition cystourethrography (MCUG) were established in infants and children with low-risk VUR. Low-risk VUR was defined as VUR not associated with infection, obstruction, calculi, duplication, malformations (except for hypospadia) or neurogenic bladder disturbances. Forty-six children (age 1 day-14 years) were selected by examining the records of 12000 MCUG:s performed 1960-1983. Ureteral diameter was measured at the widest point of the ureter on the films from MCUG:s and urographies. Ureteral diameter was slightly larger at MCUG than at urography in the same individuals but the difference was not significant. The ureteral diameter at MCUG also correlated closely to normal values at urography in a previous study. It is proposed that the reference values obtained at MCUG in the present investigation can be used for the differentiation between dilatation and no dilatation in the grading of VUR.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vertebral ring apophysis injury in athletes. Is the etiology different in the thoracic and lumbar spine?

In a radiologic study of the thoracolumbar spine in 143 athletes aged 14 to 25 years and 30 male nonathletes aged 19 to 25 years, abnormalities of the vertebral ring apophyses were analyzed. Abnormalities affecting the anterior part of the vertebral ring apophysis occurred exclusively in athletes and they were most common in wrestlers and female gymnasts. Different types of abnormalities were found and the type of abnormality was related to the spinal level. We propose that this is related to trauma of various types. Excavation of the anterior part of the vertebra, probably from compression forces, was mainly found in the thoracic and thoracolumbar junction of the spine. Persisting or enlarged apophysis, probably caused by avulsion of the anterior part of the vertebral ring apophysis, was only found in the lumbar spine.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Essential data set for computer management of distributed primary care services.

Reported here is a personal computer-based registration program of medical consultations in general practice that has been implemented in six communities ('primary health care districts'; total population 112623) in the county of Jönköping, southern Sweden. The program enabled decentralized monitoring and management of the primary health care organization in the communities. The objective of the present paper is to give, from one year's experience of about 137000 recorded visits, a broad overview of the program structure, briefly considering the questions associated with routine registration of medical consultations, to discuss how the system is used for decision and steering support as well as to summarize its overall performance, results and costs in relation to the general utility of accurate information on health service delivery and consumption in the population.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytotoxic intraepithelial lymphocytes in colorectal polyps and carcinomas.

The frequency of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) was investigated in 255 colorectal lesions: in 18 metaplastic polyps, in 159 tubular, serrated and villous adenomas, in 28 incipient adenocarcinomas and in 50 overt adenocarcinomas. > or = 21 IELs were found in 13.6% (12/88) of the adenomas with high grade dysplasia (HGD) but in none of the 18 metaplastic polyps, the 71 adenomas with low grade dysplasia (LGD), or the 50 overt adenocarcinomas. CD3-T, MHCII and TIA1 cell antigens were positive in IELs from tubular adenomas, villous adenomas, incipient carcinomas and overt adenocarcinomas. In the normal colorectal mucosa and in metaplastic polyps, CD3-T was positive whereas MHCII and TIA 1 were not expressed. On the other hand, Fas cell antigen was expressed in the normal mucosa and in metaplastic polyps but it was downregulated in neoplastic lesions. The upregulation of CD3-T, MHC class II molecules, and TIA 1 in IELs of neoplastic colorectal lesions suggests that they are activated and cytotoxic; however, they undergo apoptosis due to the downregulation of the FAS molecules.

Colon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Apoptotic colon disease: a new clinico-pathological entity.

A patient with intractable diarrhea showed, in 6 out of 7 biopsies taken at various colonic levels, a rich number of apoptotic granules at the base of the colonic crypts. Those apoptotic granules stained positive with Feulgen, a reaction that stains nuclear DNA. The nuclei of the cells at the base of the crypts stained positive with TUNEL, a method that labels nuclei undergoing apoptosis. No associated inflammatory reaction was present in the biopsies. As no other explanation was found for the phenomenon, the possibility that marked cryptal apoptosis was the cause of the untreatable protracted diarrhea was entertained. A similar histological finding had previously been recorded in a non-human primate dying of intractable diarrhea. That phenomenon was designated apoptotic colonic disease. We propose a similar denomination for this previously unreported finding in a human subject.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Swedish experience with Salter's innominate osteotomy in the treatment of congenital subluxation and dislocation of the hip.

The results of 83 Salter's innominate osteotomies (i.o.) performed to correct congenital subluxation and dislocation of the hip joint in 76 patients were reviewed. The overall radiographic results were classified as excellent or good in 34 hips (41%) and as fair or failure in 49 hips (59%). The best results were obtained in subluxated hips, previously not treated or treated only with closed reduction, prior to i.o. in patients operated on before the age of 5 years. In that group of hips, excellent or good results were obtained in 18 of 20 hips (90%). The poorest results were obtained in hips with residual subluxation or dislocation after previous operation with a result of fair or failure obtained in 26 of 28 hips (93%).

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spondylolysis and the sacro-horizontal angle in athletes.

The frequency of spondylolysis and the relationship between spondylolysis and the sacro-horizontal angle in 143 athletes and 30 non-athletes is reported. Athletes had a larger sacro-horizontal angle than non-athletes. The sacro-horizontal angle was larger in athletes with spondylolysis as compared with those without. An increased incidence of spondylolysis with an increased angle was demonstrated. It is suggested that an increased sacro-horizontal angle may predispose to spondylolysis, especially in combination with the high mechanical loads sustained in certain sports.

Adolescent↗