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Biomedical subjects

B Jacobsen

Publications and source records attributed to B Jacobsen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

High frequency of goitre in cigarette smokers.

Thyroid function, the clinical occurrence of goitre and ultrasonically determined thyroid gland volume were investigated in 219 healthy subjects randomly chosen from hospital employees. Thirty-five subjects (16%) had a clinically detectable goitre. The frequency of goitre among smokers was higher (32 of 107, 30%) than among non-smokers (3 of 112, 3%), (P less than 0.001). Median thyroid volume was significantly higher in smokers, 26 ml (range 11-55 ml), compared with non-smokers, 15 ml (range 8-37 ml), (P less than 0.001). The median serum thyroglobulin levels were significantly higher and median serum thyrotropin levels lower in smokers compared with non-smokers. There were no differences between the groups regarding serum levels of T4, T3, rT3, free T4 index, free T3 index, thyroglobulin antibodies and 131I uptake (24 h) in the thyroid gland. It is suggested that these findings could partly be due to inhaled thiocyanate and/or increased adrenergic stimulation of the thyroid gland in smokers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A family with reduced plasminogen activator activity in blood associated with recurrent venous thrombosis.

6 members of a family with a tendency to thrombosis and defective fibrinolysis were examined. After stimulation of plasminogen activator release from the vessel wall by local venous occlusion or by submaximal physical exercise, they had a lower plasminogen activator activity in blood than a healthy control group (P less than 0.01). 5 of the examined members suffered from recurrent venous thrombosis. The defect appeared to be autosomal dominant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Portographic findings and coagulopathy in cirrhosis.

Percutaneous transhepatic portography was performed in 57 patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension. The portographic findings, the free portal pressure and the coagulation tests were analyzed. Moderate or severe abnormality of the coagulation system was significantly associated with extrahepatic shunting, large gastric varices and collaterals from the splenic vein and splenic hilum. Reduced levels of prothrombin, factor X and thrombocyte counts were the factors mainly accounting for this association. As severe variceal bleeding is associated with these changes in the portal circulation, identification of patients at high risk may be based on portography combined with examination of the coagulation system.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Nephroblastoma. Results and complications of treatment.

Treatment results in 31 patients with nephroblastoma are reported. Survival seemed superior in patients who received Actinomycin-D in addition to surgery and postoperative irradiation. Twelve long-term surviving children were evaluated for side-effects of the treatment. Although inhibition of growth and other abnormalities occurred in most survivors, little permanent disability and dysfunction appears to have resulted from the treatment.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

Intrauterine injection of vitamin K before the delivery during anticoagulant therapy of the mother.

The coagulation factors PP% (Factors II+IV), factor IX and factor X were determined in infants born by mothers receiving anticoagulants. The factors were very low when the mothers did not receive vitamin K before the delivery. No significant improvement in the factors was observed after an intravenous or intraamniotic injection of vitamin K two to four days before the delivery. Vitamin K was injected intramuscularly into four foetuses in utero using an ultrasonic multitransducer scanner. Three of these infants had normal coagulation factors at birth. In the fourth case the factor X was normal and factor IX was significantly better than in the infants of the other groups. The injection had no harmful effects to the infants.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Medium chain triglycerides for treatment of spontaneous, neonatal chylothorax. Lipid analysis of the chyle.

Volume and contents of lipid and protein in the pleural fluid from a three weeks old girl with spontaneous chylothorax were studied (a) during parenteral, nonfatty nutrition and later (b) during administration of a formula (Biosorbin) containing medium chain triglycerides (MCT). The pleural fluid production could not be correlated to the treatment employed but suddenly ceased after 20 days management. Triglyceride and total esterified fatty acid concentrations in pleural fluid were high on admission when feeded with human milk, and chylomicrons and other lipoproteins were present in the chyle. During parenteral treatment a pronounced decrease in pleural fluid concentrations of triglyceride and total fatty acids occurred concomitant with a disappearance of the chylomicrons. During the following MCT diet a pronounced increase in triglyceride and total fatty acids concentrations appeared and the chylomicrons reappeared in the chyle. The cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations in the pleural fluid showed only small changes during the different treatments. No significant changes in protein and albumin concentrations of chyle were observed. It is concluded, that administration of the Biosorbin MCT formula, containing 871/2% of the fat as MCT, seems without value ih the treatment of spontaneous, neonatal chylothorax.

Chyle↗
PubMed1977

Alcoholism in schizophrenics and their relatives.

The possible interrelation of schizophrenia and alcoholism was examined by comparing schizophrenic adoptees and their biological relatives with control adoptees and their biological relatives. Neither schizophrenics nor their relatives had higher rates of alcoholism than did controls.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1976

Mental illness in the biological and adoptive families of adopted individuals who have become schizophrenic.

In a sample of 5483 adults who had been legally adopted early in life by persons not biologically related to them, 33 were identified, from mental hospital records for whom a diagnosis of definite schizophrenia (chronic, latent, or acute) could be agreed upon by four raters. An equal number of matched controls were selected from the sample of adopted individuals who had never been admitted to a mental hospital. Ninety percent of the living parents, siblings, and half-siblings, biological and adoptive, cooperated in an extensive psychiatric interview permitting a consensus diagnosis by three blind raters. Schizophrenia and uncertain schizophrenia were found to be significantly concentrated in the population genetically related to the schizophrenic adoptees. Their adoptive relatives did not differ from the control populations in the prevalence of schizophrenic illness.

Adoption↗
PubMed1976

Differential fertility of adopted schizophrenics and their half-siblings.

The paper presents data on the differential fertility of schizophrenics and controls, and the fertility of their siblings. This study used several methodological procedures in the study of schizophrenia reproduction, which strengthens the validity of the findings. Firstly, both male and female rates were examined. Secondly, the method of selection of a control avoided the biases introduced by using census data or other non-matched controls. Third, a diagnostic criterion was used which minimizes the possibility of the inclusion of other psychiatric illnesses. The results obtained support prior reports of the lowered reproductive rates of schizophrenics. Further, the siblings of schizophrenics were found not to have a reproductive advantage when contrasted to control siblings. The failure to find a reproductive advantage conflicts with a hypothesis of a balanced polymorphism as the mechanism maintaining an apparent constant rate of schizophrenia.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Some aspects of adoption in selected samples of adult adoptees.

Various aspects of adoption--psychopathology, age at placement, agency versus independent placement, best age to tell child he is adopted, etc.--are studied in three groups of adoptees: biological parent schizophrenic or manic-depressive; adoptive parent schizoprenic or manic-depressive; biological parent with no psychiatric history. Findings raise questions about a number of common assumptions regarding adoptees.

Adoption↗