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Biomedical subjects

B J Young

Publications and source records attributed to B J Young.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

The ability of biochemical and haematological tests to predict recovery in periparturient recumbent cows.

Blood samples from 433 periparturient recumbent cows submitted by veterinary practitioners to Ruakura Animal Health Laboratory during 1983 and 1984 were analysed and results related to whether cows recovered, died or were euthanased. Generally cows were sampled only once and the time varied from 15 minutes to 20 days after becoming recumbent. During 1983 serum calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, creatine phosphokinase (CK), aspartate amino transferase (AST), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) were analysed. In 1984 serum urea, creatinine, fibrinogen and haematological examination (haemoglobin, haematocrit, total and differential white cell counts) were added to the panel. Overall 39% of cows recovered, 30% died and 32% were destroyed. Precalving cows had 111% more deaths and 7% less survivors than postcalving recumbent cows (P<0.1). There was little difference (3%) in euthanasia prevalence. Tests that were most useful in predicting a lack of recovery were serum urea and muscle enzymes. Using these tests and duration of recumbency when sampled a model was produced to predict the probability of recovery from 254 cases.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1987

Unusually aggressive transmission of tuberculosis in a factory.

A case of pulmonary tuberculosis in a factory worker was studied to identify infected contacts and to gauge the degree of transmission. Initial findings suggested far more extensive transmission than anticipated, and the study was expanded. Of all factory workers tested, 33% were infected with the tubercule bacillus in spite of massive air volume-to-contact ratio. Deliberate stagnation of the air to prevent occupational exposure to lead and asbestos was believed to be a contributing variable.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Autoimmunity in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

The prevalence of autoantibodies in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) was investigated. A lower prevalence of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia than that found in other series was found: large numbers of non-progressive stage A disease cases were included, in which the prevalence of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is low. Non-haematological autoantibodies were no commoner than in age matched controls. Whatever explanation is offered for autoimmune phenomena in B-CLL it must take account of the fact that those phenomena are virtually confined to autoantibodies against the formed elements of the blood.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Immunoperoxidase anti-keratin staining of epidermal and pilar cysts.

Epidermal and pilar cysts have been stained with anti-keratin antibodies raised from human hair and human callus. The staining properties of the two cysts are different and, in general, support the idea that they originate from epidermis and trichilemmal hair follicle layer respectively.

Epidermal Cyst↗
PubMed1983

Anti-keratin antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis: frequency and correlation with other features of the disease.

Anti-keratin antibodies (AKA) were detected in 68 out of 98 patients (69%) with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The intensity of the AKA reaction correlated significantly with articular index (AI), grip strength (GS), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration, serum amyloid A (SAA) protein concentration, the level of antibodies against single stranded DNA (ssDNA) and the IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) titre. A significantly higher number of patients with nodules and Sjögren's syndrome were AKA positive compared with patients without extra-articular features (EAFs) and the AKA titre was significantly greater in the former group. The mechanisms underlying appearance of AKA are not known but may relate to an as yet unidentified structural alteration of keratin in this disease or may just reflect the rheumatoid autoimmune diathesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

A randomised double-blind clinical trial of acyclovir (Zovirax) and adenine arabinoside in herpes simplex corneal ulceration.

A double-blind clinical trial of 3% acyclovir (Zovirax) and 3% adenosine arabinoside (ara-A, Vidarabine) in 93 patients with herpetic corneal ulceration is presented. Ulcers in 45 (94%) of acyclovir-treated patients and 37 (82%) ara-A-treated patients healed within 14 days. Patients treated with acyclovir healed more rapidly than those treated with ara-A (p less than 0.01). No serious adverse effects were observed.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1982

Double-masked controlled clinical trial of 5% tolmetin versus 0.5% prednisolone versus 0.9% saline in acute endogenous nongranulomatous anterior uveitis.

A double-masked controlled clinical trial of 5% unpreserved tolmetin versus 0.5% prednisolone versus 0.9% saline in acute endogenous nongranulomatous anterior uveitis was carried out on 100 patients. 69% of the prednisolone-treated patients were judged "cured" at the end of the 3-week study. This is compared with a cure rate of 47% for the tolmetin-treated patients for 53% for the placebo (saline) group. No statistically significant difference was established between the 3 groups.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1979

Anti-keratin antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis.

A naturally occurring antibody that reacts with the keratinised tissue of animal oesophagus was found in the serum of 75 out of 129 patients (58%) with classical or definite rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but not in sera from 105 healthy people. Detection of the antibody, which is unrelated to rheumatoid factor, is more specific for RA than the reaction in the sheep-cell agglutination test but less sensitive.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bovine post-parturient haemoglobinuria: two distinct entities in New Zealand.

Haematological and biochemical features of sixteen cases of post-parturient haemoglobinuria (PPH) from 15 farms in the Waikato and Bay of Plenty regions are described. Characteristically there was a marked regenerative anaemia as well as spherocytosis and haemoglobinaemia. Heinz body formation occurred in 140% of erythrocytes depending on the case. Nine of 11 cases examined had subnormal serum inorganic phosphorus concentrations. On two of eight farms there was widespread anaemia in clinically healthy herd mates and in one of these the anaemia was associated with large numbers of Heinz bodies. Hypophosphataemia was widespread in four of ten herds and individual cows were hypophosphataemic in all ten. Six of eight herds had a low selenium status as determined by glutathione peroxidase activity in whole blood. Hypocupraemia and hypomagnesaemia were not consistent findings. It is concluded that there are two distinct entities of PPH in the region. On one farm the disease was typical of that seen in Northland, New Zealand. The clinical case was a young cow and there was widespread subclinical Heinz body anaemia in herd mates. All but one of the cows sampled in that herd had normal serum inorganic phosphorus levels. On most other farms PPH closely resembled that described from North America. Affected cases were miltiparous, high producing and had low serum inorganic phosphorus levels. The possible pathogenesis of these two entities is discussed.

Journal Article↗