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Biomedical subjects

B J Junor

Publications and source records attributed to B J Junor.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

CAPD disconnect systems.

Increasingly complex devices to carry out exchanges in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) have failed to improve on the peritonitis rates of the Italian 'Y' system which uses simple flushing along with antiseptic to sterilise the connectors. Other systems based on similar principles have produced satisfactory peritonitis rates while offering patients the ability to dispense with most of the tubing and the bag between exchanges. The enthusiasm of patients for the principle of disconnection has led to a rapid increase in the use of these systems. CAPD disconnect systems offer nephrologists reasonable peritonitis rates and patients further freedom combined with convenience and safety.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1989

Acute renal failure due to McArdle's disease.

A 37-year-old previously fit man developed acute renal failure associated with rhabdomyolysis following a brief period of strenuous exercise. Subsequent muscle biopsy and ischaemic arm exercise confirmed the diagnosis of McArdle's disease. This case illustrates that McArdle's disease can present with acute renal failure in the absence of a past history of exercise-induced muscle pain and stiffness.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1989

Longitudinal study of peritoneal defence mechanisms in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

Peritoneal cellular and humoral defence mechanisms have been examined in a group of 16 patients over a nine-month period from the day of commencement of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Significant decreases in the levels of IgG, C3, and opsonic activity occurred with the passage of time in the over-night peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE). The ability of PDE to inhibit in vitro growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis also decreased. The number of cells in the PDE and their ability to kill S. epidermidis decreased, although there was no significant change in their ability to ingest this organism. These results suggest that the immunological protection of the peritoneal cavity decreases with time, and this may account for the increase in the incidence of peritonitis with length of time on CAPD that some workers have reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

The effect of random blood transfusions on immunoglobulin production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from uraemic patients.

The effect of blood transfusion on humoral immunity in chronic renal failure was studied by examining immunoglobulin production in vitro, in patients awaiting renal transplantation. Pokeweed mitogen (PWM) induced IgG plaque formation was normal in non-transfused uraemic patients while both spontaneous and Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) induced immunoglobulin production were reduced. Five to ten units of third party blood transfusion reduced PWM-driven B cell differentiation, but had no effect on SAC-induced plaque formation, while spontaneous production of immunoglobulin was either enhanced or unaffected. As it is known that the response to SAC is less affected by suppressor T cell activity than that to PWM, these differences in the inhibitory effects of blood transfusion on B cell differentiation are further evidence that transfusion may act by increasing suppressor T cell activity.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The visual status of diabetics on renal replacement therapy (RRT).

The visual status of 48 patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy who were undergoing treatment either by dialysis or transplantation was assessed. At the time of starting dialysis, the vision was good in 27 (56 per cent), impaired in 7 (15 per cent) and of navigating standard only in 12 (25 per cent) while the remaining 2 (4 per cent) had no useful vision. During the time on dialysis and/or following transplantation, vision improved in 6 patients (12 per cent), deteriorated in 9 (19 per cent) and remained unchanged in 33 (69 per cent). Changes in the degree of retinopathy in the 96 eyes resulting either from treatment of the renal failure or laser therapy were noted. The reasons for any changes in vision and the effect of ophthalmic treatment will be discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Correlation between high-molecular-weight Fc gamma-receptor-blocking factors in serum and renal allograft survival.

In this study, we have demonstrated the occurrence of IgG class noncytotoxic, lymphocyte Fc gamma-receptor-blocking antibodies in a proportion of sera obtained from transfused uremic patients. The presence of these antibodies was not found to correlate with subsequent renal allograft survival. Serum fractionation studies did however reveal a striking correlation between graft survival and Fc gamma-receptor blocking mediated by a serum factor(s) with a sedimentation coefficient of greater than 19S. The precise nature of this factor remains to be clarified.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1987

Bactericidal activity of peritoneal macrophages from continuous ambulatory dialysis patients.

A radiometric assay is described for measuring phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Staphylococcus epidermidis by peritoneal cells from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Using this method it is possible to determine simultaneously and independently, in a single assay, whether peritoneal cells from CAPD patients possess defects in either ingestion or intracellular killing. Assays were performed on peritoneal cells obtained from 28 samples of spent dialysis fluid from CAPD patients. In the majority of cases these cells were able to efficiently phagocytose and kill opsonised Staph. epidermidis, although the degree of intracellular killing was slightly reduced compared with peritoneal cells obtained from eight normal controls undergoing laparoscopy. Overall there was no correlation between the degree of phagocytosis or intracellular killing and susceptibility of patients to peritonitis, although cells from two patients with a high incidence of peritonitis did show abnormally poor ingestion and/or killing. In a number of samples only low numbers of cells (less than 10(6)) were recovered in total from the overnight bags, and there was a significant inverse correlation between the number of cells in the fluid and the length of time on CAPD.

Adult↗