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Biomedical subjects

B J Collins

Publications and source records attributed to B J Collins.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Gastro-oesophageal reflux--initial experience with a radiotelemetry system for prolonged oesophageal pH monitoring.

A radiotelemetry system has been used to monitor gastro-oesophageal reflux over a prolonged period in 27 asymptomatic control subjects and in 15 patients with reflux symptoms. In control subjects, the frequency of reflux episodes (pH < 5) ranged from 0.1 - 0.7 per hour of recording (median 0.36) by day, and from 0 - 1.0 per hour (median 0.12) by night. The duration of reflux (pH < 5) per hour of recording ranged from 0.4 - 5.4 minutes (median 2.1) by day and from 0 - 5.1 minutes (median 0.27) by night. Patients with reflux symptoms had more frequent episodes of daytime reflux and a longer duration of daytime reflux than control subjects. The frequency and duration of nocturnal reflux were similar in patients and in control subjects. Of two patients with Barrett's metaplasia of the lower oesophagus, one had markedly increased frequency and duration of both daytime and nocturnal acid reflux, while the other had only a moderate increase in the frequency of daytime reflux episodes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Endoscopic measurement of oesophageal transmucosal potential difference in reflux oesophagitis.

Oesophageal transmucosal potential difference (PD) was measured in 76 patients during endoscopy. Twelve patients with no symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux, and normal oesophageal appearance on endoscopy and mucosal biopsy had a PD of -18.3 +/- 3.8 mV (mean +/- SD). Thirty three patients had reflux symptoms but the oesophagus appeared normal at endoscopy. Eighteen of these patients had reflux change on oesophageal suction biopsies and the PD in the same region of the oesophagus in this group was -18.1 +/- 7.5 mV. In 15 of the patients, mucosal biopsies were normal and the PD in this group was -18.8 +/- 9.9 mV. Thirty one patients had erosive oesophagitis and PD values in this group were markedly reduced. Twenty seven of these patients had PD values less than -10 mV. We conclude that PD measured by our technique is abnormal in erosive oesophagitis but that it is of no value in the diagnosis of mild mucosal damage in patients with reflux symptoms when endoscopic findings are normal.

Electric Conductivity↗
PubMed1984

Measurement of total bile acids in gastric juice.

An established method for the assay of total bile acids was validated for use in fasting and post-prandial gastric juice samples. Fasting and post-prandial intragastric bile acid concentrations were measured in 29 healthy volunteers, 15 patients after vagotomy and gastrojejunostomy (V and GJ) and 15 patients after vagotomy and pyloroplasty (V and P). Healthy female volunteers had higher post-prandial bile acid concentrations than age matched healthy males (p less than 0.02). Patients with V and GJ had higher fasting and post-prandial bile acid concentrations than age and sex matched control subjects (p less than 0.01). Patients with V and P had higher bile acid concentrations than control subjects only in post-prandial samples (p less than 0.05).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Safety of reusing disposable plastic insulin syringes.

53 diabetic patients took part in a study to assess the safety of reusing plastic disposable syringes for insulin injection. Each patient used the same plastic syringe for 7 days. The syringe needles were changed when blunt. No patient developed signs of infection at the injection site. Bacteriological assessment of the used syringes and needles showed no contamination in any of the syringes, although one needle was contaminated. The effectiveness of bacteriostatic additives to insulin preparations was demonstrated. The presence of these additives renders safe the practice of a diabetic patient reusing a plastic disposable syringe over a 7-day period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Reference electrode sites for potential difference measurements in the gastrointestinal tract.

Simpler alternatives to the use of an intravenous reference electrode for potential difference measurement in the gastrointestinal tract were considered. Lancet puncture of the forearm skin, and intradermal injection of 0.1 ml 154 mmol/l NaCl into the forearm were shown to effectively abolish the skin-blood potential difference, thereby rendering such sites suitable for reference electrode placement. Another acceptable method was to use an intravenous "butterfly" cannula filled with heparinized saline. The tip of the electrolyte bridge was inserted into the distal end of the cannula, thereby making indirect contact with the bloodstream. It is suggested that the use of any one of these three methods of reference electrode placement would facilitate the measurement of esophageal or gastrointestinal potential difference during a routine endoscopy without significantly altering the accuracy of the measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The cost of infection.

A recent cross-sectional survey of 43 hospitals in the U.K. indicated that at any one time over 19% of all patients are likely to have an infection. Nearly half of those (9.2%) having acquired that infection during their stay in hospital. Of these hospital-acquired infections, 2.8% were of the urinary-tract, 1.7% were wounds and 1.5% were of the lower respiratory-tract (Meers et al, 1981).

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1982

Medical equipment.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1978

Distention of the small intestine, satiety, and the control of food intake.

The studies reported here investigated the role that filling of the small intestine plays in the control of ingestion. Adding mannitol, a nonabsorbable carbohydrate, to a palatable solution reduced meal size in rats in proportion to its concentration. Intake is suppressed for the duration of time that the small intestine remains full. If dietary fiber, which sequesters water and swells, fills the small intestine sufficiently, it may act to suppress meal size and prolong the length of intermeal intervals.

Animals↗