Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B J Bailey

Publications and source records attributed to B J Bailey.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

The relationship between the nasal cycle and mucociliary clearance.

Nasal airway resistances were measured bilaterally on subjects at 30-minute intervals over 6 hours using anterior rhinomanometry. The first 10 subjects found to exhibit alternating congestion and decongestion of the nasal mucosa (i.e., the nasal cycle) were included in the study. Using the saccharin method, nasal mucociliary clearance was determined for each subject in both the congested and decongested phases of the cycle. The results were statistically significant at the P less than .09 level, highly suggestive of a difference in nasal mucociliary clearance between the two phases of the cycle, with the congested phase having the more rapid clearance. However, when compared to the mucociliary clearance times in disease states, the difference in transport times between the two phases is probably not clinically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Stapedectomy techniques in residency training.

The KTP-532 laser has decreased the technical difficulty involved in teaching and performing a stapedectomy in our residency program. Use of this laser has resulted in improved hearing and a decreased number of major and minor complications compared to an equal number of large fenestra stapedectomies performed with hand-held instruments. The major disadvantages of the KTP-532 laser are its cost and limited availability, and the inconvenience of a micromanipulator. The laser should not be relied upon entirely in performing a stapedotomy on a thick footplate. The University of Texas Medical Branch experience in training residents in both large and small fenestra stapedectomy is reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Resident work hours and working environment in otolaryngology. Analysis of daily activity and resident perception.

OBJECTIVE: --To analyze the working environment and work hours of a cohort of otolaryngology--head and neck surgery residents. DESIGN: --Environmental analysis questionnaire and a log of daily activities. SETTING: --Residents were on a clinical rotation system. PARTICIPANTS: --Fifty-nine residents from six programs, including three public and three private institutions, from geographically diverse regions of the country were involved in the study. Residents were equally distributed from their second year through their fifth year of postgraduate work. All eligible residents participated in and completed the study. INTERVENTION: --The environmental analysis survey was designed to elicit resident perception of different aspects of their working environment. The daily activity log required the resident to report on activities for each half-hour period for 7 consecutive days. RESULTS: --Residents were on call an average of 52.8 hours (2.2 days) and worked 79.4 hours per week. Seventy-five percent believed that the level of faculty supervision and the degree of resident responsibility was about right. Two major inefficiencies were the time involved in completion of paperwork and the lack of nonmedical support services. Thirty-one percent of the residents responded that fatigue resulted in substandard patient care 10% of the time. Forty-seven percent responded that their educational experience was substandard 25% of the time secondary to fatigue. Two thirds responded that the demands of residency training had a negative impact on their family and personal life. CONCLUSIONS: --Seventy percent of the otolaryngology--head and neck surgery residents surveyed at six institutions believe that an 80-hour workweek, including being on call every third night with no more than 24 hours of continuous work without sleep, approximates a reasonable, maximum work schedule. Residents working the longest hours expressed concern about rendering substandard care and developing negative attitudes toward patients. Noneducational inefficiencies were identified and solutions were proposed. Demands of residency training, even within guidelines established as reasonable, can have detrimental effects on residents' educational activities and personal life.

Attitude↗
PubMed1991

Passing the torch.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1991

Short stature and school performance--the Wessex Growth Study.

The relationship between short stature and school performance was examined by comparing an unselected cohort of 140 'normal' short children (below 3rd centile) aged between 7 and 9 years with 140 control children of normal height (10th-90th centiles). The short children had unimpaired self-esteem and normal patterns of behaviour, but a tendency towards hyperactivity and poor concentration. Their IQ scores were normal, but attainment, especially in reading, was low. The underachievement observed in the short children is largely due to the low socio-economic status of this group. All the children in the study were prepubertal and these data will serve as a baseline for further follow-up during and after puberty.

Body Height↗
PubMed1991

The reliability of height and height velocity in the assessment of growth (the Wessex Growth Study)

Both biochemical and auxological measurements can be used to assess growth. Quality control in routinely reported in laboratory studies, but the reproducibility of height measurements, and the height velocity data derived from them, is seldom considered. We have previously established our error and in this report we examine its implications for the screening of short children and subsequent monitoring of their growth. The 95% confidence interval for height for a 5 year old observed to be on the 3rd centile for height, spanned the 2nd-4th centile. However, the confidence interval for a 12 month height velocity appropriate to such a child spanned the 8th-52nd centiles, the lower limit pathological and the upper more than satisfactory. A single height velocity even over 12 months therefore lacks the precision to provide a reliable index of current growth in short children. Furthermore, serial height velocity calculations on a cohort of 78 short normal children showed no significant correlation from year to year, suggesting that velocity is also unable to predict future growth. Although the proportion of this cohort of short children lying beneath the 25th centile for velocity remained constant from year to year, the identity of the individuals comprising that proportion changed, a phenomenon which could be largely accounted for by the random error associated with height velocity. Our data suggest that, by the time a trend in abnormal velocity is reliably established, a deviation from the height centiles is clearly evident. Although velocity charts are attractive in concept, they seem to be no more discriminating than height charts in practice, and may be clinically deceptive unless interpreted with great care.

Body Height↗
PubMed1991

CT evaluation of the paranasal sinuses in symptomatic and asymptomatic populations.

The frequency of concha bullosa, paradoxical middle turbinate, and septal deviation on coronal computed tomographic scans evaluating sinus disease is known, but the incidence in normal subjects is unknown. We compared 100 consecutive scans performed for evaluation of sinus disease with 82 consecutive scans performed for evaluation of orbital pathology. Patients with sinus disease had significantly more frequent findings of disease in the osteomeatal complex and all sinuses. Concha bullosa was more common in patients with sinus disease (p less than 0.05), as was septal deviation (p less than 0.01). Paradoxical turbinate was equally common. Concha bullosa was associated with anterior ethmoid disease (p less than 0.04). Septal deviation was associated with osteomeatal complex disease (p less than 0.01) and with anterior (p less than 0.04) and posterior (p less than 0.04) ethmoid disease. Paradoxical turbinate was not associated with sinus abnormalities. These data imply a possible causal relationship between concha bullosa or septal deviation and sinus disease.

Adolescent↗