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Biomedical subjects

B Israelsson

Publications and source records attributed to B Israelsson.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Plasma homocysteine and methionine tolerance in early-onset vascular disease.

In three different studies we tested the hypothesis that early-onset vascular disease is associated with impaired homocysteine metabolism which could contribute to the development of arteriosclerosis and thrombosis. In patients with occlusive vascular disease before the age of 60, a post-methionine load increase of plasma homocysteine exceeding the highest value for comparable healthy control subjects was found in 1 of 21 with myocardial infarction (5%), 14 of 37 with aorto-iliac disease (38%), and 17 of 53 with cerebrovascular disease (32%). This might indicate heterozygosity for homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency. Concentrations of serum vitamin B12 and red cell folate had an important modulating effect on plasma homocysteine concentrations in the fasting state.

Drug Tolerance↗
PubMed1988

Homocysteine and myocardial infarction.

Five (24%) subjects out of a group of 21 men, 48-58 years old (mean 54), who had suffered their first myocardial infarction (MI) before the age of 55 and with a low risk profile vis-à-vis conventional risk factors in a health screening preceding the MI, had abnormally high total plasma homocysteine values in the fasting state when investigated within 1-7 years (mean 3) after their MI. The patient group was exactly matched with 36 control subjects for sex, age, diastolic blood pressure, smoking, and serum concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides. Total plasma homocysteine was negatively correlated to both erythrocyte folate and serum vitamin B12, and vitamin concentrations below the median of the normal distribution were found in the five with high plasma homocysteine content, indicating a possible involvement of reduced remethylation of plasma homocysteine to methionine. After methionine loading, in 3 of the patient group (14%) homocysteine levels exceeded mean +2 SD for controls, which may indicate heterozygosity for homocystinuria. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that a high plasma homocysteine content may be a risk factor for MI.

Cystathionine beta-Synthase↗
PubMed1988

Higher total plasma homocysteine in vitamin B12 deficiency than in heterozygosity for homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency.

Homocysteine is an amino acid considered to cause vascular injury, arteriosclerosis, and thromboembolism. Total plasma homocysteine (free and protein-bound) was found to be twice as high in asymptomatic vitamin B12-deficient subjects (23.8 +/- 3.8 mumol/L, means +/- SEM, n = 20) as in controls (11.5 +/- 0.9 mumol/L, P less than .0001, n = 21), and higher than in heterozygotes for homocystinuria due to cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency (13.8 +/- 1.6 mumol/L, P less than .01, n = 14), who were recently shown to be much more common among patients with premature vascular disease than expected. Eight (40%) vitamin B12-deficient and two (14%) heterozygote subjects had significant homocysteinemia (greater than mean +2 SD for controls). After administration of hydroxycobalamin to vitamin B12-deficient subjects, homocysteine levels decreased to normal (-49%, 12.2 +/- 1.5 mumol/L, P less than .0001, n = 20). Thus, if homocysteine does cause vascular injury, theoretically vitamin B12-deficiency might be associated with an increased frequency of vascular disease.

Cystathionine beta-Synthase↗
PubMed1988

Folic acid--an innocuous means to reduce plasma homocysteine.

With an improved highly reproducible method, we measured total plasma homocysteine (free plus protein-bound) and related amino acids in the fasting state in healthy subjects, before and after treatment with co-factors for homocysteine metabolism: 1 mg cyanocobalamin (n = 14), 5 mg folic acid (n = 13) or 40 mg pyridoxine hydrochloride (n = 15) daily for 14 days. Cyanocobalamin and pyridoxine hydrochloride had no effects on plasma levels of amino acids, but folic acid had a considerable homocysteine-lowering effect. Total plasma homocysteine was reduced in all but two subjects, from 19.9 +/- 4.4 (mean +/- SEM) to 9.5 +/- 1.0 mumol/l (-52%, p less than 0.01). We propose that folic acid in excess acts by enhancing the remethylation of homocysteine to methionine. The finding confirms a previous report by us. Since homocysteine is considered to be an atherogenic amino acid and recent reports suggest that mild to moderate homocysteinaemia is also associated with premature vascular disease, treatment with folic acid might be of use as prophylaxis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Middle-aged men before and after disability pension. Health screening profile with special emphasis on alcohol consumption.

A total of 5,950 male Malmö residents (from five cohorts, 1926-30) were health screened on two occasions, with an interval of 4-8 years. Disability pensions were granted to 215, of whom 123 were screened both before and after being pensioned. Those 123 constitute the study group reported on here. Among answers to the questionnaire, back and joint pain were the most common complaints mentioned. However, the most striking distinction between the study group and controls was the values of gamma-GT (gamma glutamyltransferase), indicating overconsumption of alcohol in the group of prospective pensioners. Complaints concerning the back were also an outstanding feature of those belonging to the highest deciles of gamma-GT after--but not before--the disability pension had been granted.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1986

Role of alcohol, glucose intolerance and obesity in hypertriglyceridemia.

From a primary health screening 631 subjects with serum triglycerides greater than or equal to 4.0 mmol/l were investigated for underlying factors for hypertriglyceridemia. Obesity, glucose intolerance, or suspected high alcohol consumption were associated in 84.5% if the definitions were: Actual/ideal weight (A/I) greater than or equal to 1.2 (obesity), blood glucose in the fasting state or after 120 min of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) greater than or equal to 7.0 mmol/l (glucose intolerance), and gammaglutamyltransferase (GGT) greater than or equal to 1.0 mu kat/l (suspected high alcohol consumption). Ninety-seven percent were associated if also those with positive alcohol anamnesis or with A/I 1.06-1.19, blood glucose after 120 min of an OGTT 6.5-6.99, or GGT 0.8-0.99 were included.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Effects of thrombin, acetyl salicylic acid and prostaglandins on spontaneous efflux of norepinephrine and beta-thromboglobulin from platelets in calcium/magnesium deficient environment.

The effect of different substances on the spontaneous efflux of 14C-norepinephrine (14C-NE) and beta-thromboglobulin (beta TG) from platelets in Ca2+ - and Mg2+ - free buffer was tested. Addition of increasing concentrations of thrombin (0.015-0.625 U/ml) resulted in an immediate increase of 14C-NE detectable in the supernatants, but the slopes of the efflux curves from 10 min after thrombin addition were almost identical and parallel with the slope before thrombin addition. Also beta-thromboglobulin was steadily released after thrombin addition. Prostaglandin E1 and prostacyclin in concentrations that gave a 30-fold increase in cAMP accumulation resulted in a moderate decrease in efflux of 14C-NE from 10 to 30 min but did not influence the efflux thereafter up to 80 min. Acetyl salicylic acid in vivo and in vitro (200-500 mumol/l) did not influence the efflux of 14C-NE or beta TG. The conclusions are that factors known to exert considerable effects on aggregation, desaggregation and acute release produce only transitory effects in a Ca2+ - and Mg2+ - free environment and that the basal efflux of alpha-granule components seems to be a stable process.

Alprostadil↗
PubMed1978

Adenylate cyclase activity in human liver membranes and its inhibition by adenosine and adenine nucleotides.

The production of adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in a membrane preparation from human liver homogenate has been studied. Cyclic AMP production was enhanced by glucagon, guanylyl 5'-imidodiphosphate (GMP-PNP), or fluoride, or combinations of these. Adenosine, adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) at a concentration of 10(-3) mol/l antagonized the effects of all stimulants. These data suggest that inhibitory effects are exercised at the catalytic moiety of the adenylate cyclase system, or at the transducer function between hormone receptor and catalytic unit. In contrast, adenosine at a concentration of 10(-5) mol/l antagonized glucagon- but not fluoride-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity.

Adenosine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lack of glutathione transferase activity in intermittent claudication.

Glutathione transferase activity towards trans-stilbene oxide (GT-tSBO), an enzyme involved in the detoxification of many substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, was studied in 77 consecutive patients operated with coronary bypass, 73 patients with intermittent claudication, 78 healthy smokers and in 38 healthy non-smokers. The mean ages of these groups were similar. Lack of GT-tSBO was recorded in 45% of coronary bypass patients, in 39% of smoking coronary bypass patients, in 61% of patients with intermittent claudication, in 41% of healthy smokers and in 31% of healthy non-smokers. The lack of GT-tSBO was significantly more frequent among patients with intermittent claudication compared to healthy non-smokers (p less than 0.01) and healthy smokers (p less than 0.025) and to smoking coronary bypass. It is concluded that the lack of GT-tSBO is found more frequently among patients with intermittent claudication and this might contribute to explain the sensitivity to smoking among these subjects.

Angina Pectoris↗