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Biomedical subjects

B Hudson

Publications and source records attributed to B Hudson.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

The assessment of results following endocrine therapy for prostatic cancer.

Generally, recent reports on the side effects of estrogen therapy for prostatic cancer have concerned mortality statistics, relatively little attention having been paid to the quality of life of individual patients. We herein propose an assessment of treatment regimens based on the concept of the time during which a patient remains free of tumor progression or serious side effects. A particular regimen has been examined in relation to the hormonal effects of endocrine ablation, and to the dosage and type of estrogen therapy used in 59 men with prostatic cancer. Although no significant difference among treatment methods has emerged in this small group (except for the more frequent occurrence of fluid retention with the stilbestrol dosage, 30 versus 15 mg. per day) and no correlation between the degree of testosterone suppression and length of remission has emerged so far, this method of assessment proved useful and should be applicable widely. It was confirmed that gonadotropin levels remained in the normal range in patients whose testosterone levels were suppressed with chlorotrianisene.

Chlorotrianisene↗
PubMed1975

A theory of the chain melting phase transition of aqueous phospholipid dispersions.

A model for the chain melting phase transition in dilute aqueous phospholipid bilayer dispersions is presented. This model includes interactions between head groups, between hydrocarbon chains, and within the chains. The head groups are modeled as hard disks which are constrained to lie on a two-dimensional surface separating the aqueous and hydrocarbon regions. The chain statistics problem is treated in an approximate manner using an approach motivated by scaled particle theory to describe the inter-chain steric repulsions in a mathematically tractable way. In this approach the whole system interacts with any given chain through an average lateral pressure which is proportional to the hard disk pressure. Following Nagle, we assume that the steric repulsions between chains and between head groups and the trans-gauche rotation energies are the dominant interactions in determining the transition and we describe the effect of the other interactions with a mean field approximation. Using the known transition temperature of a series of 1,2-diacyl phosphatidyl cholines to adjust two parameters in the theory, the model gives enthalpy and area changes that are in quite reasonable agreement with experiment. Moreover, the curvature observed in the plot of the transition temperature against acyl chain length is reproduced.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1975

Hormonal studies in Klinefelter's syndrome.

Some aspects of the hormonal abnormalities of Klinefelter's syndrome have been studied in nineteen patients. As a group the plasma production rate, the total and free levels of testosterone, and the metabolic clearance rates of testosterone and oestradiol were low. Plasma oestradiol, LH and FSH levels were elevated and there was increased peripheral conversion of testosterone to oestradiol. The production rates of oestradiol and the binding capacities of the sex steroid binding globulin were normal. There were fluctuations in the blood levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and oestradiol, but these appeared to be less marked than in healthy men. Both LH and FSH levels were suppressed by acute or prolonged testosterone administration and there was no evidence for a differential effect on LH. It is suggested that the threshold for suppression of LH and FSH is increased in hypergonadotrophic states. Although no statistically significant relationships were found between the hormonal and clinical abnormalities of the syndrome it is probable that the hyperoestrogenism and androgen deficiency are linked to the development of the signs of feminization and hypogonadism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The HCG stimulation test in men with testicular disorders.

The rise in plasma testosterone levels following stimulation with human chorionic gonadotrophin (3000 i.u./day for 4 days) has been used as a test of interstitial cell function in normal men and men with testicular disorders. The large majority of patients with testicular disorders resulting in infertility, showed a subnormal testosterone response to stimulation. The most marked impairment was noted in those patients with the biopsy appearance of germinal cell arrest and Sertoli cell only syndrome.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The pituitary-testicular response to luteinising hormone releasing hormone administration to normal men.

The response of the pituitary and testis in normal men to the injection of LH-RH has been studied using single intravenous doses of either 25 mug or 100 mug. Serum LH levels rose with both doses but significant elevation of plasma testosterone was evident only following 100 mug of LH-RH. Though testosterone levels were elevated within 60 minutes, peak responses occurred from 4-12 hours post-injection. The rise in serum FSH levels was small or absent at 25 mug but was clearly present following 100 mug LH-RH, in general rising more slowly than LH levels but persisting for a longer period.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Variations in serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels in male rats from birth to sexual maturity.

Serum LH, FSH and testosterone concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassays in male Sprague-Dawley rats from birth to 80 days of age. The levels of FSH were significantly elevated during the first 5 days of postnatal life. An abrupt decline in FSH concentrations occurred during this period, from levels of 800 ng/ml on day 1 to levels of 300 ng/ml on Day 6. Subsequently, FSH levels fluctuated widely until about Days 30 to 45, when a secondary peak of FSH was observed. Thereafter, a decline in FSH levels to those found in adult rats occurred. This decline in FSH levels appears to coincide with the first release of mature spermatozoa from the germinal epithelium in the testis. During the first 30 days of postnatal life, LH and testosterone values appeared to be inversely related to each other and an LH peak and a nadir of testosterone levels was observed between Days 6 and 14 at time corresponding to regression of the fetal generation of interstitial cells. A parallel rise in LH and testosterone levels occurred from Days 30 to sexual maturity and corresponded to the development of the adult generation of intestitial cells.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Defaulters from follow-up after pre-partum cardiac failure.

The problem of default from follow-up prejudices the study of disease in Africa. During studies of 224 patients with pre-partum cardiac failure were found that 119 had defaulted from follow-up for six months or more, after an average period of 22 months from their admission. A sociologist tried to find all these patients at home and interviewed those who were found. If the patient was not found, information was sought from the village head and from friends and relatives. Thirteen patients had died. The 69 who were traced gave a total of 101 reasons for default. Domestic reasons prodominated, of which poverty, moving home and the difficulties of travel were the most important. Among personal reasons, feeling well was the commonest single reason, and was given by 19 patients. The results show that the problems of a subsistence agricultural economy dominate the reasons for default, and that such problem cannot be overcome without changes in society. Our findings are relevant in the care of all chronic diseases and throughout rural Africa.

Adolescent↗