Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Hood

Publications and source records attributed to B Hood.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Efflux of noradrenaline from platelets in normotensive members of hypertensive families.

1. Platelets have been used as a model of sympathetic neurons to study the storage of noradrenaline in normotensive individuals belonging to families with essential hypertension for at least two generations. 2. The initial efflux rate (k) of noradrenaline was determined in 44 young relatives (mean age 29.2 years), in 18 middle-aged relatives (mean age 46.7 years) and in 31 young controls with no known family history of essential hypertension (mean age 29.8 years). From the groups of relatives all those with definite hypertension had been excluded a priori. 3. k was significantly higher in the young relatives (22.7 +/- 7.9) than in the middle-aged relatives (17.7 +/- 6.4) and in the controls (15.6 +/- 5.1). Of the relatives 27.3% had higher k values than any of the controls. A significant correlation was found between k and diastolic blood pressure in controls but not in young relatives.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Plasma volume and plasma volume distribution at rest, during muscular work, cold pressure test and psychological stress in male offspring from families with heavy aggregation of hypertension.

Total and central plasma volume was measured in 51 male offspring of hypertensive individuals belonging to families with a history of essential hypertension for at least two generations. They were compared to 38 age-matched individuals without known hypertension in their families for at least two generations. Central plasma volume was determined at rest and during muscle work, cold pressure test and psychological stress. The offspring had significantly lower total plasma volume than the controls. Central plasma volume was equal in offspring and controls. The quotient central/total plasma volume was thus higher in offspring than in controls, and the difference was statistically significant during psychological stress and dynamic muscle work. Possible reasons for the differences between offspring and controls are an increased transcapillary escape of plasma, an increased quotient intracellular/extracellular fluid and/or increased tone of the capacitance vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Serum-gamma-glutamyltransferase in screening and continuous control of heavy drinking in middle-aged men.

In an on-going population study in Malmö, serum-gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is utilized both in biochemical screening of high alcohol consumption and as a tool in further investigation, treatment and control of middle-aged men with screening GGT in the top decile of the distribution. For this purpose, a special outpatient clinic has been instituted and is described in the present report. The composition of the intervention group and the feasibility of the program are reported for the first 6760 middle-aged male screening participants. A random one-half of the individuals with screening GGT in the top decile were allocated to the intervention group, which after primary dropouts and exclusion of concurrent diseases consisted of 252 individuals who have now been followed between three to six years. On the basis of structured interviews, hazardous levels of alcohol consumption were concluded to be present in 76% of the group. Although one-quarter of the group dropped out of the intervention program, the results indicate that it is feasible to institute an outpatient clinic for individuals with increased GGT levels found in a general health screening examination, to retain most individuals in this outpatient clinic and to consider alcohol habits and consumption levels in relation to the laboratory test value and general physical health status.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1981

Net efflux rate of norepinephrine from platelets in normotensive individuals belonging to families with a heavy accumulation of essential hypertension.

Platelets have been used as a model of sympathetic neurons to study the storage of norepinephrine in normotensive individuals who all had a first degree relative with essential hypertension and had hypertension in the family for at least two generations. The initial rate of efflux of norepinephrine, k, was determined in 44 young relatives (mean age 29.2 years), in 18 middle-aged relatives (mean age 46.7 years) and in 31 young controls with no known family history of essential hypertension (mean age 29.8 years). From the material of relatives all those with definite hypertension had been a priori excluded. k was significantly higher in the young relatives (22.7 +/- 7.9) than in the middle-aged relatives (17.7 +/- 6.4) (p less than 0.05). 27.3% of the relatives had higher k-values than any of the controls. A significant correlation was found between k-value and diastolic blood pressure in controls but not in young relatives.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Alcohol consumption and premature death in middle-aged men.

All the men living in Malmö born in 1926-9 were invited for a screening examination which included an assessment of alcohol consumption and measurement of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity. They were followed for up to four years (median 2) and their mortality assessed. Sixty-two deaths occurred, 41 (0.9%) among the 4571 men who attended the screening investigation and 21 (1.3%) among the 1609 who did not respond to the invitation. Evidence of alcohol abuse or an alcohol-related cause of death was present in 25 (61%) of the deaths among the attenders and 13 (62%) of those among the non-responders. GGT values at the screening investigation were significantly increased in 19 (46%) of those who died, but established risk factors, such as cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations and blood pressure, had little predictive value. Measurement of GGT provided an objective index of alcohol consumption, though the full clinical importance of a raised value needs further assessment. The finding that heavy alcohol consumption was the single most important factor associated with premature death in these middle-aged men has important implications for prevention.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1980

Hypertension, levels of serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and degree of blood pressure control in middle-aged males.

Among the first screened 2439 males born in 1926 and 1927, aged 48-49 years at the time of screening and representing 76% of these age cohorts, uncontrolled or partly controlled hypertension was found in 7.5%. Of these individuals, 30% preferred to remain with their physicians, regardless of the degree of control they had achieved. Among those who were referred to the Hypertension Unit (5.2% of the screened population), elevated S-GT levels (greater than or equal to 1.10 mukat/l) were found in 38.3%, against 18.5% in the two cohorts. During 24 months of treatment and follow-up only two men among the entire group of hypertensives referred dropped out, both were heavy drinkers (greater than 80 g alcohol daily). The mean BP after treatment was significantly lower among men with normal than high S-GT values or in those who admitted to heavy drinking. Of the 99 males treated for more than two years, 82 (83%) were responders (supine DBP less than or equal to 95 mmHg). Of the non-responders, 70% were either heavy drinkers or had abnormal S-GT values. The possible role of alcohol in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension in middle-aged males is discussed.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1980

Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase and a somatic health score in middle-aged men.

In an ongoing population investigation of middle-aged men in Malmö, Sweden, several health screening variables showed strong but crude individual covariations with the level of the hepatic enzyme, serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). These variables were combined, according to an analysis of their normal distributions, into a score index which exhibited a much smoother correlation with low, normal, and elevated levels of GGT when tested in a random population subsample. It is concluded that this scoring system may find further utilisation as a general descriptive method of recording statistical covariations between health screening tests and sum them up.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Uptake and efflux of noradrenaline from platelets; a model system for neurogenic mechanisms in essential hypertension.

1. The rate (k) of initial efflux of noradrenaline from platelets was determined in 63 individuals. A highly significant correlation was found between diastolic blood pressure and efflux rate. 2. When platelets are incubated in buffers with various Na+ concentrations in the range 110-170 mmol/l a higher Na+ concentration will give a faster efflux of noradrenaline for each concentration tested. 3. The value for k was determined in 41 normotensive first-degree relatives of hypertensive individuals and 21 persons with no family history of hypertension. Efflux rate of noradrenaline was significantly higher in the relatives and within this group was a subgroup with very high k values.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Combination of fibromuscular hyperplasia, renal aplasia, hypoplasia or dysplasia and otosclerosis occurring in the same individual or the same family.

We have found 3 reports of fibromuscular hyperplasia (FMH) of the renal arteries with hypertension occurring in 2 siblings as well as a few instances of renal agenesis and unilateral renal aplasia occurring in the same family. In this paper we report on FMH of the renal arteries in 2 women, one giving birth to a child with renal agenesis, the other to a child with a focally dysplastic hypoplasia of the kidneys. A third family is reported, heavily loaded with hypertension and otosclerosis, in which 2 siblings with FMH and otosclerosis were found. Another 4 patients without known heredity for hypertension, but with FMH combined with renal or urinary tract anomalies, are also reported. The findings are discussed, particularly in relation to the findings in a large material of chronic non-obstructive pyelonephritis, where in those with well maintained renal function, hypertension below the age of 40 was found predominantly in females with a positive family history of hypertension and signs highly suggestive of infected hypoplasia or dysplasia of the kidney.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗