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Biomedical subjects

B Hesse

Publications and source records attributed to B Hesse.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Suppression of plasma renin activity by intravenous infusion of antidiuretic hormone in man.

1. Ten patients on maintenance diuretic treatment received an intravenous infusion of antidiuretic hormone at a low rate for 1 hr. 2. A gradual reduction in mean plasma renin activity was observed and this was significant at 60 min. 3. There was a significant correlation between the initial value and the extent of the fall in plasma renin activity. There was no consistent change in blood pressure, heart rate and blood volume. 4. The results point to an intrarenal site of action of antidiuretic hormone.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Forearm and splanchnic blood flow at rest and during exercise in relation to the systemic arteriovenous oxygen difference in cardiac patients.

In eleven patients with chronic heart failure forearm blood flow (FBF) was measured by plethysmography with a mercury-in-silastic strain gauge and splanchnic blood flow (SBF) with indocyanine green (ICG) infusion clearance at rest during right heart catheterization. The measurements were repeated during 8 min supine exercise on a bicycle ergometer, SBF during exercise being calculated from the changes of the brachial artery to hepatic vein oxygen differences and the ICG values at rest. Close correlations were found between cardiac output and FBF, and cardiac output and SBF at rest. During exercise forearm and splanchnic vascular resistances were both closely correlated with the brachial to pulmonary artery oxygen difference. It is concluded that in patients with heart failure vasoconstriction occurs during exercise in resting limbs and visceral organs, both closely related to the circulatory strain.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Unimpeded plasma renin increase after intravenous furosemide during saline replacement.

The effect on plasma renin activity of intravenous furosemide combined with saline replacement of the volume depletion was studied in twelve patients with insignificant heart disease. In ten of the patients the investigation was repeated without saline replacement. It was found that saline infusion, reducing or eliminating hemoconcentration, had no significant influence on the marked plasma renin increase. In eight of the patients the combined furosemide-saline study was performed during right-hear catheterization. Decrease in atrial pressures, known to occur within 15 min after furosemide intravenously, was virtually absent with the saline replacement. It is concluded that plasma volume reduction after intravenous furosemide is responsible for decreased filling pressures of the ventricles but not for plasma renin increase.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Plasma renin activity and blood pressure during long term treatment with propranolol and diuretic.

19 primary hypertensive patients were treated in random succession with diuretic, propranolol and the combination of both. It was found that the diuretic gave a sustained increase in plasma renin activity (PRA). There was a negative correlation between PRA level attained and blood pressure reduction. Propranolol treatment gave a sustained reduction of PRA. There was no correlation between PRA reduction and blood pressure reduction. When diuretic was combined with propranolol, PRA was in average at control level, and there was no correlation between the PRA reduction from diuretic value to combination value and the corresponding additional blood pressure fall. It is concluded that propranolol treatment does not transform patients to "low renin hypertensives" specifically sensitive to diuretic treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of portal-systemic anastomosis on renal haemodynamics in cirrhosis.

In 12 patients with portal hypertension and repeated bleedings from oesophageal varices the central haemodynamics, portal pressure, and mean renal blood flow (RBF) were investigated immediately before and two to seven months after portal-systemic shunt. Cardiac output increased significantly, whereas arterial pressure was unchanged after operation. RBF, which was initially less than in controls, did not change. As portal pressure decreased significantly, a direct portal-renal, neural, or humoral reflex mechanism does not explain the subnormal RBF in cirrhosis. As plasma volume was large and unchanged after operation a "diminished circulating plasma volume" is an unlikely explanation. Therefore, on the basis of the present observations, previously postulated causes of renal hypoperfusion in cirrhosis need revision.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Transcapillary escape rate of albumin and right atrial pressure in chronic congestive heart failure before and after treatment.

The transcapillary escape rate of albumin (TERalb), i.e., the fraction of intravascular mass of albumin that passes to the extravascular space per unit of time, was determined from the disappearance of intravenously injected 125I-labeled human serum albumin during the first 60 minutes after injection in 10 subjects with chronic right heart failure. The investigation was repeated after sodium and water depletion. Before treatment TERalb was significantly elevated (mean 8.3 +/- 1.6% (SD)/hour, in comparison to values for normal subjects (mean 5.4 +/- 1.1%/hour, P less than 0.001). With treatment TERalb decreased significantly (mean 5.9 +/- 1.2%/hour, P less than 0.01). Right atrial pressure decreased from an average of 10 mm Hg to 6 mm Hg during treatment. A statistically significant, positive correlation was found between TERalb and right atrial pressure (r = 0.77, P less than 0.001). Our results best can be explained by increased filtration, mainly through the venous end of the microvasculature, due to the increased venous pressure in heart failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Pulmonary congestion in chronic heart disease. Radiologic, clinical and hemodynamic relationships.

Pulmonary congestion in chronic heart disease was evaluated by lung auscultation and roentgen examination of the chest and compared with pressure recording of the pulmonary circulation in 49 cases. Whereas auscultation appeared not to be correlated to the pressures, the radiologic findings proved to be a reliable measure of increased pressures. The radiologic assessment was based on isolated flow shift to the upper lobes of the lungs, indicating slight pulmonary venous hypertension, and flow shift in association with blurring of the lower lobe vessels, indicating pulmonary interstitial oedema. In distinction to the results from acute cardiac failure interlobular septa were often demonstrated in association with pulmonary interstitial oedema, and pulmonary alveolar oedema rarely demonstrated in spite of marked pulmonary venous hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Renal handling of iodamide and diatrizoate. Evidence of active tubular secretion of iodamide.

Active tubular secretion of iodamide, a water-soluble contrast medium, was demonstrated by comparing the clearances of iodamide, iothalamate and inulin. Passive tubular back diffusion was not found. The fraction excreted by tubular secretion was significantly reduced at "clinical" plasma concentrations. The glomerular filtration rate was slightly depressed at these concentrations of iodamide and diatrizoate.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The effect of reduction in blood volume on plasma renin activity in man.

1. The blood volume was reduced by approximately 10% in nine adult humans. 2. Plasma renin activity was measured before and at intervals after the venesection. In seven subjects there was no significant change. In two subjects there was a slight but significant increase in plasma renin activity. 3. It is concluded that reduction in blood volume is not a major short-term factor in regulating renin production in humans.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The early effects of intravenous frusemide on central haemodynamics, venous tone and plasma renin activity.

1. Nine paatients with clinically unimportant heart disease or benign essential hypertension were given frusemide intravenously during right-heart catheterization. 2. Pressures in both atria decreased rapidly and in parallel. The magnitude of the pressure decrease was clearly related to decrease in plasma volume loss. 3. Plasma renin activity increased significantly after 5 min (P less than 0-01), but did not correlate with plasma volume loss. 4. Venous tone in the forearm was unchanged. 5. It is concluded that the pressure reduction was secondary to plasma volume depletion through diuresis and that increased plasma renin activity was mainly caused by intrarenal changes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Hemodynamics, compartments and the renin-aldosterone system in chronic heart failure.

In 12 patients with chronic mitral or aortic disease plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone secretion rate (ASR) were correlated to hemodynamics, kidney function, plasma and interstitial fluid volume, and plasma sodium concentration, both in the congestive state (I) and after sodium depletion (II). PRA (I) and ASR (I) were normal or slightly elevated and increased normally after sodium depletion. A significant inverse correlation between plasma concentration (I + II) and PRA (I + II) was found. Further an abnormal inverse correlation between increments in PRA and cumulative sodium loss was demonstrated. By contrast, no correlations were found between PRA and ASR on one hand and pressures, kidney function or compartments on the other, neither in I - elevated pressures in the atria, low renal plasma flow, large compartments, nor in II - reduced pressures and compartments, almost unchanged kidney function. It is concluded that PRA hardly plays any primary role in the maintenance of sodium and fluid retention in human chronic congestive heart failure.

Aged↗