Biomedical subjects

B Hedon

Publications and source records attributed to B Hedon.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1984

[Tubal sterility: fertilization in vitro or microsurgery].

In this review paper the respective places of microsurgery and in vitro fertilization in the treatment of tubal infertility are evaluated. The best and current results of the two methods are compared and their future is considered. Most of the indications for microsurgery remain, while some (e.g. poor prognosis salpingostomy, repeated tuboplasty, tubal transplantation) require discussion and new ones are appearing. The advent of in vitro fertilization has introduced some technical changes in surgery of the ovaries and surrounding tissues and has given rise to new techniques. It has also modified the initial investigations in infertile women and the use of pre-operative and second-look laparoscopy. It has exerted little influence on microsurgeons specialized in problems of reproduction but has obliged their teams to be reorganized on a multidisciplinary basis in order to cope with new techniques.

Fallopian Tube Diseases↗

PubMed1983

[Collection of mature ovocytes during cycles with spontaneous ovulation for the purpose of in vitro fertilization].

In vitro fertilization was attempted during a spontaneous cycle in 17 out of 97 patients. Preovulatory urinary estrogen and LH maximas were assayed in order to time celioscopy 24 hours after the onset of the triggering urinary LH maxima. In 8 patients, comparison with plasmatic LH shows that the timing of spontaneous ovulation can be precisely predicted from urine assays. However, when the triggering LH release is weak, LH must be above or equal to 25 IU/g of creatinine with a creatininuria above or equal to 0.4 g/l in two urine samples at a three-hour interval.

Estrogens↗

PubMed1983

[In vitro development of human ovocytes collected during spontaneous ovulation. Effect of the biochemical composition of the follicular fluids].

Development of the in vitro cultured and fertilized ovocyte appears to be improved when progesterone and estrogen concentrations in the follicular fluid are above 2 000 and 1 000 ng/ml respectively, with a A/E ratio under 1 and a PGE/PGF ratio above 0.8. Such criteria are only infrequently fulfilled: once in seven cases. They were found in one of the two patients who had a pregnancy after in vitro fertilization during induced ovulation. Division of ovocytes from spontaneous ovulation was recorded in several instances in spite of a less propitious composition of the follicular fluid.

Androgens↗

PubMed1983

[Selection of motile spermatozoa from human sperm by migration in follicular fluid].

Using the property of human follicular fluid activation or "attraction" of human spermatozoa, a number of motile and active sperm was isolated from a sample of generally deficient sperm. The objective was to improve the success of artificial insemination of the conjoint. It was shown that it is possible to collect a much higher number of spermatozoa in the follicular fluid than in Menezzo's fluid. Taking into account the known toxicity of follicular fluid, the best results, based on number and motility were obtained with an mixture of follicular fluid and Menezzo's fluid in the ratio of 1:1.

Body Fluids↗

PubMed1983

[Survival of motile spermatozoa in a medium based on lactate, glucose and phosphate].

Suspensions of motile human spermatozoa, plasma seminal-free, were incubated several days into synthetic medium (C2) with lactate, glucose and phosphate as principal components. Maintenance of forward motility was compared in C2 medium and in known B2 I.N.R.A. medium. C2 medium entertain survival of motile spermatozoa during some days at 20 degrees C. This method of conservation should allow many homologous artificial inseminations by ovulatory cycle avoiding injurious effects of repeated ejaculations or low-temperature conservation.

Cell Survival↗

PubMed1983

[Effect of the hormonal environment on the human oocyte and its later development in vitro].

The biosynthesis of progesterone by the granulosa cells that come from follicles from which the oocyte has been fertilized and has divided in vitro is far superior to that from the cells coming from follicles in which the oocyte has failed to develop. This result is in accordance with the raised levels of progesterone and the influence of androgens on lower levels of oestrogens in follicular fluid that evolved favourably. In the same follicles the ratio of concentrations of prostaglandins PGE2 to PGF2 alpha is twice as high as in the liquid from other follicles.

Androgens↗

PubMed1983

[Probability of requests for desterilization. Prospective study of 50 cases].

The reasons for 50 requests for reversal of tubal sterilisation were studied prospectively. Our results agree with those in the rest of the literature and show that within a population of women who have been sterilised there is a group who have "a strong likelihood to ask for reversal of sterilisation". These results make one think of the role of the doctor and can help by using scores that have been worked out previously to improve the indications for sterilisation in case legislation will be forthcoming.

Adult↗

PubMed1983

[Effects of a fixed mixture of lactate, glucose and phosphate on the survival of human spermatozoa].

It is admitted that selection of human motile spermatozoa improves chances of conception by homologous artificial insemination. Effect of media constituted by different concentrations of glucose, lactate and phosphate in the maintenance of vitality and forward motility (positively correlated with penetrating capacity) was studied in human spermatozoa after washing. Lactate optimal concentrations appear necessary in the maintenance of progressive motility. The vitality is little affected in the various media. To complete this minimum medium various substances known to improve spermatozoa survival should be added. This complete media should allow to dispose of suitable spermatozoa suspensions during several days permitting many inseminations by cycle.

Cell Survival↗

PubMed1983

[Failures at in vitro fertilization: electron microscopic studies of unfertilized oocytes and undivided ova].

We have examined by electron microscopy the non fertilized oocytes and the non divided eggs after assay of in vitro fertilization. We have observed three blocking points; 1) absence of fusion of the gametes, either because of oocyte immaturity or over-maturity, either because of spermatozoa phagocytosis by follicle cells transformed in phagocytic cells, in presence of intra or extra-cellular bacteria; 2) fusion of the gametes but absence of spermatic nucleus decondensation; 3) fusion of the gametes and pronuclei formation but absence of amphimixy. Two causes are evident: failure of oocyte maturation in vivo or in vitro, and bacterial contamination problems after female or male infra-clinical infections.

Cleavage Stage, Ovum↗

PubMed1983

[Predicting ovulation by detecting the preovulatory rise of estrogens and LH in the urine].

The preovulatory LH surge induces final maturation of the ovocyte which makes it suitable for in vitro fertilization. The spontaneous LH peak can be detected in blood or in the urine. Whatever the method of determination, the diagnosis of the triggering LH surge can be done only on strict criteria. This work defines these criteria when urinary Higonavis is used: a rise in the plus signs in two successive samples or a positive result in urine diluted fourfold.

Estrogens↗

PubMed1982

[Enzymatic determination of urinary estrone and estradiol: correlations with plasma estradiol in the menstrual cycle in women].

Enzymatic determination of urine estrone and estradiol concentrations were done daily during a menstrual cycle in six female volunteers. The results were compared with plasma estradiol determined by radioimmunoassay in the same patients. The pattern of estrone and estradiol excretion in morning urine sample fairly reproduced plasma estradiol variations and a good correlation was observed (r = 0.78). The urine pattern of estrone and estradiol variation determined by the enzyme assay can be considered as a good index of oestrogen secretion. The preovulatory peak of estrone and estradiol was observed in urine the day before or the same day as the LH peak. Estrone and estradiol concentration in urine doubled the mean value of the concentration of the follicular phase several days before the LH peak giving a useful indication for prediction of ovulation.

Estradiol↗

PubMed1981

[Techniques of vascular microsurgery and gynaecology (author's transl)].

Vascular microsurgery was applied late to gynaecology. The authors evaluate its use in transplantations of the uterus, the ovaries and the tubes and the experimental as well as the clinical angles. The vascular pedicles that can be used in women are studied from the anatomical point of view as well as the functional and technical angles in order that surgical protocols can be worked out logically for transplantation of the tubes and ovaries.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

[Urinary estrone and estradiol levels in the diagnostic presumption of pregnancy (author's transl)].

Urinary estrone and estradiol levels have been measured using an enzymatic method during the late lutheal phase in 17 female volunteers trying for a pregnancy and in 10 patients having a treatment for stimulation of ovulation. The profile of urinary estrogenic excretion appears to be different if a pregnancy started or not during the studied cycle. These patterns allow a good diagnostic presumption before the following missing menses, which can be useful when dealing with women treated for infertility and when plasmatic dosage of hCG or beta hCG cannot be rapidly available.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗

PubMed1980

Loupes or microscope for tubal anastomosis? An experimental study.

Standardized tubal anastomoses were performed alternatively using magnifying loupes or an operating microscope in 44 rabbits. The surgeon's personal assessment of the integrity of the anastomoses was subsequently compared with the histologic result and with pregnancies and nidation indices. After an initial learning period, the surgeon became equally satisfied with his intraoperative assessment of the anastomoses in both treatment groups. Healing was marginally better when the microscope was employed. Animals which had tubal anastomosis performed with the use of the microscope became pregnant in 81% of cases, whereas when the loupes were employed only 5% became pregnant. Measurement of the nidation index showed similar trends. It is concluded that the use of the microscope will offer superior results once the surgeon has gained limited experience with its use.

Animals↗

PubMed1975

[Origin of the hepatic artery in the embryo and fetus].

Study of the hepatic artery in 52 human foetuses and 4 embryos. The authors compare their findings to those published on adults. They underline the higher frequency of the hepatic artery arising out of the left gastric artery (67%) in foetuses and embryos, either associated to the common hepatic artery only (55,4%) or to both the common hepatic artery and the right hepatic artery (12,5%). Graphic reconstruction of foetal hepatic arteries shows two important lines of force one coming from the coeliac trunk - the future common hepatic artery, the other arising from the left gastric artery - the future left hepatic artery. At the 19th stage according to Streeter, the definitive disposition is attained.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Insulinoma with hypoglycemia and normal immunoreactive insulin but with an insulin-like activity restricted to the portal vein.

In a 46-year old Caucasian woman, the authors report a B-cell adenoma with plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) ranging from 10 to 32 microunits/ml, despite severe spontaneous hypoglycemia. In a peroperative sample withdrawn from the portal vein, normal IRI (40 micromicron/ml) in the presence of high insulin-like activity (290 microunits/ml) was observed by using a biological assay performed on rat epididymal fat tissue. Furthermore, this material did not cross-react with insulin antibodies and was undetectable in systemic venous samples. Although further identification by chromatographic extraction was not performed, the substance secreted by the tumor is probably identical to the non-suppressible insulin-like activity (NSILA) isolated by Froesch and responsible for hypoglycemia in a few cases of extrapancreatic tumors. The absence of this material in systemic samples indicates an immediate removal by a single passage through the liver.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗

PubMedDate not supplied

First-trimester multifetal pregnancy reduction: evaluation of technical aspects and risks from 2,756 cases in the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the technical aspects, efficacy and safety of first-trimester multifetal pregnancy reduction in the management of multifetal pregnancies, an analysis of the international literature on first-trimester multifetal pregnancy reduction was made. MATERIALS: Thirty-three studies were selected from an international review of the literature. Total fetal loss rate, risk of fetal loss after the procedure with the different techniques and gestational age at delivery were the main parameters studied. The Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: 2,756 multifetal pregnancy reductions were performed (2,145 transabdominal, 363 transcervical, and 248 transvaginal procedures). Total fetal loss rates were different: 16.7% for the transabdominal, 24.8% for the transcervical and 10.9% for the transvaginal procedure (p = 0.03). The risk of fetal loss was 12% for the transabdominal, 20% for the transcervical, and 10% for the transvaginal approach at less 24 weeks of gestation (p = 0.04). There was no difference for the gestational age at the time of the procedure, the initial and final number of embryos, and the gestational age at delivery. CONCLUSION: Because the transvaginal approach seems to be the safer procedure, surgeons may opt for it. The transcervical approach has a high fetal loss rate and should be excluded.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Hematologic values of fetal blood obtained by means of cordocentesis.

Fetal blood values were evaluated from 541 cordocenteses. Simple regressions were used to find a correlation between blood values and gestational age. We found a linear increase in hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit throughout gestation; a linear decrease of the mean corpuscular volume with the gestation was evidenced as a regular decrease in mean corpuscular hemoglobin. Lastly, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was constant during the gestation; a linear increase of the platelet count and the nucleated cells was also evidenced. We suggest that each fetal medicine unit should have its own reference ranges. It will permit to accurately diagnose fetal infection, fetal anemia, or any fetal disease where alterations of hematopoiesis have been described.

Cordocentesis↗